Development of

Philippine
Nationalism
 CAUSES
OF
FILIPINO REVOLTS
The Desire to regain our lost Freedom
• The Spanish Abuses/Oppression
The loss of Filipino Lands.
Two reasons why the revolts against the
Spain failed:

 Absence of Nationalism.

 Lack of National Leaders.

 Nationalism
Love of Country.
 People of the nation become united and
work together for common aims.
Devotion to one’s country or fighting
for it’s independence.
 In the 19th Century, Philippine Nationalism
was born.
 People of a Nation become united and work
together for common aims.
 They wanted to be independent of Spain.
 Liberalism from Europe

 Origins of 19th Century Liberalism

 The word was first used when the term was adopted
by the Spanish political party, the Liberales, in 1812.
 1868-1870- the revolt in Spain, which had deposed
Isabella II, succeeded in establishing a Provisional
Republic, which for about two years put liberalism in
control.
 General Carlos Maria de la Torre, a fierce liberal,
brought liberalism in the Philippines and was
appointed to be the Governor-General.
Factors that contributed to the
birth of Philippine
Nationalism
 Mexico

 In 1821, Spain has lost their precious trade jewel

in the Pacific, Mexico.
 A revolution erupted and independence was
declared.
 The Viceroyalty of New Spain (Mexico) was the
first and largest provider of resources for the
Spanish Empire.
 The Opening of Philippines to the
World Trade in 1834

 The Philippines was opened by Spain to the World

Trade.
The Influx of liberal ideas from Europe

 Liberal ideas contained in books and

newspaper, shipped from Europe and
America.

 It also contained the thoughts of different

political philosophers.
 The Opening of Suez Canal

 Built by Ferdinand De Lesseps

 It made the Philippines closer to the World trade,
communications, and travel.
 The Canal is 103 miles long, and connects the Red
Sea and Mediterranean Sea.
 Secularization Movement
 Two kinds of priests that served the Catholic
Church in the Philippines
 Regular Priest -
• A priest that belongs to religious order
• A priest living according to a rule
 Secular Priest –
• A priest that does not belong to any religious order.
• A priest who does not live according to any rule of
a religious order, society , or congregation of
priests.
 Cavite Mutiny of 1872

 Gov-General Rafael de Izquierdo y Gutierrez

replaced Gov. de la Torre in 1871 .
 He discarded the liberal measures by restoring the
“old order” of the Philippines.
January 20,
1872

 About 200 Filipino soldiers and dock workers of

Cavite, under the leadership of Sergeant La Madrid,
Mutinied and killed their Spanish Officers.
 It was suppressed and La Madrid and 41 others were
executed in Bagumbayan (present- Luneta) .
 The Martyrdom of GOM-BUR-ZA

 Father’s Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto

Zamora were accused of treason to Spain and tried in
an unfair trial.
 They were sentenced to death by Garrote on
February 17, 1872 in Bagumbayan (Luneta)
 The Filipino people deeply resented the
unjust execution of GOM-BUR-ZA

 Father’s Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora was

acclaimed to be the true Martyr’s of their
Fatherland.

 The execution of GOMBURZA speed up the

development of Philippine Nationalism.
 The demanded reforms were:

1. Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before

the law;
2. Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular
province of Spain;
3. Restoration of the Philippine
representation in the Spanish Cortes (the
Parliament);
4. Filipinazation of Parishes;
5. Human Rights for Filipinos.
 The
Leading
Propagandists
Jose Rizal – Dimasalang & Laong Laan
Marcelo del Pilar – Plaridel
Mariano Ponce –Naning
Antonio Luna – Tagalog
Jose Maria Panganiban – Jomapa
• Graciano Lopez Jaena

 In 1889, he
established La
Solidaridad in
Barcelona, Spain.

 He died of
tuberculosis.
La Solidaridad

 Organ of the
Propaganda
Movement
 was established in
February 15, 1889 –
October 13, 1889
 On December 1889,
M.H del Pilar became
the editor of La
Solidaridad
 Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonzo
Realonda

 Jose P. Rizal
 The most
outstanding among
the propagandists.
 Rizal was shot by
firing squad at
Bagumbayan
(Luneta) on Dec.
30, 1896.
 Rizal was the greatest writer of the
propaganda movement.
 Noli me Tangere
 El Filibusterismo
La Liga Filipina
In 1892, Jose Rizal returned to the
Philippines and proposed the establishment
of an organization called “La Liga Filipina.”
On July 3, 1892, the following were elected
as its officers:
Ambrosio Salvador as president:
Agustin dela Rosa, fiscal; Bonifacio Arevalo,
as treasurer;
and Deodato Arellano, as secretary.
Rizal as its adviser.
 “La Liga Filipina” aimed to:
1. Unite the whole country
2. Fight Violence and Injustice
3. Support Education, and implement reforms
 “La Liga Filipina” had no intention of rising
up in arms against the Spanish Government,
but the Spanish Officials still felt threatened.
 On July 6, 1892, Jose Rizal was arrested and
was deported to Dapitan, where he would stay
until 1896, shortly before the outbreak of the
revolution
 With the failure of the Propaganda Movement, the
Filipinos gave up the last hope to peaceful means.
 Andres Bonifacio, led the Filipinos to a new phase of
Social and Political awareness marked by the
founding of KATIPUNAN
 Sources:

 Fernandez, P. (1992). Rizal: A Filipino Nationalist &

Patriot. Manila: Solidaridad
 Coates, A. (1992). Rizal: A Filipino Nationalist & Patriot.
Manila: Solidaridad.
 Joaquin, N. (1996). Rizal in Saga. Manila: Philippine
National Centennial Commission. 923.2599 J574 1996
 Guerrero, L.M. (2010). A Life for Student Fans by The
First Filipino. Manila: Guerrero Publishing. 959.902092
G937 2007
 https://www.slideshare.net/GwenNicoleDelfin/developm
ent-of-philippine-nationalism?qid=8a1b757e-b430-4224-
bef8-a41e4c493968&v=&b=&from_search=1