4. ¿Qué pareja escogería para preparar un tampón de pH 7,28?

¿Cuántos gramos del ácido y

cuantos gramos de su base conjugada, serán necesarios si la concentración total del tampón es
0.61 moles/litro?

Datos:

 pH = 7,28

 [H+] = 10 –pH = 10 –7,28

 [HA] + [A-] = 0.61

[HA] = 0.61 - [A-]

Tenemos la ecuación:

pH= pKa + Log [A-]

[HA]

-Log [H+] = -Log Ka + Log [A-]

[HA]

Log [H+] = Log Ka - Log [A-]

[HA]

[H+] = Ka - [A-]
[HA]

[H+] = [H+].[A-] - [A-]

[HA] [HA]

[HA] [H+] = [H+].[A-] - [A-]

(0.61 - [A-]). [H+] = [H+].[A-] - [A-]

0.61[H+] - [H+] [A-] = [H+] [A-] - [A-]

0.61[H+] = 2 [H+] [A-] - [A-]

0.61[H+] = [A-] (2 [H+] – 1)

[A-] = 0.61[H+]
(2 [H+] – 1)
 [A-] = 0.61(10 –7, 28)
(2 (10 –7, 28) – 1)

[A-] = 3, 201325508x10-8
(1.04961492x10-7 - 1)

-----------------

7,28 = -Log Ka + Log [A-]

[HA]

7,28 = -Log Ka + Log [A-]

[HA]

7,28 = -Log [H+] [A-] + Log [A-]

[HA] [HA]

7,28 = -Log [H+] + [A-] + Log [A-]

[HA] [HA]

7,28 =Log( - Ka + [A-] )

[HA]

[H+] = [H+].[A-] - [A-]

[HA] [HA]

[HA] [H+] = [H+].[A-] - [A-]

(0.61 - [A-]). [H+] = [H+].[A-] - [A-]

0.61[H+] - [H+] [A-] = [H+] [A-] - [A-]

0.61[H+] = 2 [H+] [A-] - [A-]

0.61[H+] = [A-] (2 [H+] – 1)

[A-] = 0.61[H+]
 (2 [H+] – 1)

[A-] = 0.61(10 –7, 28)

(2 (10 –7, 28) – 1)

[A-] = 3, 201325508x10-8
(1.04961492x10-7 - 1)

-----------------https://www.quimicas.net/2015/05/calculo-de-h3o-y-oh-partir-del-ph.html

A. Sea la ecuación del pH de una disolución:

pH = -log [H3O+] 

Entonces:
7,28 = -log [H3O+] 
10 -7,28 = [H3O+] 
[H3O+] = 5,248074602x 10 -8

B. Para calcular el [OH-] aplicaremos la siguiente ecuación:

pH + pOH = 14 

Entonces:

pH + pOH = 14 

7,28 + pOH = 14

pOH = 14 – 7,28

pOH = 6,72

C. La relación entre el pOH y la concentración [OH-] viene dada por la siguiente

fórmula:

pOH = -log [OH-]

 Entonces:

6,72 = -log [OH-]

-6,72 = log [OH-]
10-6,72 = [OH-]
[OH-] = 1,905460718x10-7

D. Si la concentración total del tampón es 0.61 moles/litro:

[H+] + [OH-] = 0.61

[H+] + 1,905460718x10-7 = 0.61

[H+] + 1,905460718x10-7 = 0.61

[H+] = 0.6099998095

Ka= [H3O+][A-]
[HA]

Ka= [H3O+][OH-]
[H+]

Ka= [10 -7,28] [10-6,72]

[0.6099998095]

Ka= [10-14]
[0.6099998095]

Ka= 1.639344774x10-14

E. Hallando PKa:

PKa= - LogKa

PKa= - Log 1.639344774x10-14

PKa= 13.7853297
F. Tenemos la ecuación:

pH= pKa + Log [A-]

[HA]

pH - pKa = Log [A-]

[HA]

10 pH - pKa = [A-]
[HA]

10 7,28 - 13.7853297 = [A-]

[HA]

10 -6.5053297 = [A-]
[HA]