Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila
TLE- JHS
G10 ICT
DRAFTING
1
HOW DO YOU USE THIS MODULE?
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to
successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this
module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer keycard.
5. Analyze conceptually the post test and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!
• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing
the lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and
skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
• Check your Understanding- It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
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PRE-TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in the space
provided for before each number.
_____ 1. It is used to create a series of contiguous line segments. Each segment is a
line object that can be edited separately.
A. Line Command C. Ray Command
B. MLine Command D. XLine Command
_____ 2. This command is useful for creating construction and reference lines, and
for trimming boundaries.
A. Line Command C. PLine Command
B. XLine Command D. MLine Command
_____ 3. It is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar object.
A. Line Command C. PLine Command
B. XLine Command D. MLine Command
_____ 4. To create circle in AutoCAD, use shortcut key ___________command.
A. C B. CL C. CE D. CC
_____ 5. To create an arc in AutoCAD, use shortcut key_________ command.
A. AR B. A C. ARR D. ARK
_____ 6. A shortcut key used to create a smooth curve that passes through or near
a set of fit points, or that is defined by the vertices in a control frame.
A. LM B. H C. LMS D. SPL
_____ 7. A shortcut key to fill an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch
pattern, solid fill, or gradient fill.
A. GRA B. UNI C. H D. SPL
_____8. A shortcut key to fill an enclosed area or selected objects with a gradient fill.
A. GRA B. TE C. H D. T
_____ 9. To create a single-line text object use shortcut key______________command.
A. GRA B. TE C. H D. T
_____ 10. To create a multi-line text object use shortcut key ____________command.
A. GRA B. TE C. H D. T
3
LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
Direction: Study the Drafting Settings dialog box. Supply the missing information
on the object snap tab by writing on the space provided.
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
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TOPIC: Linear Geometric Object Commands
Objectives
1. Enumerate commands for linear geometric objects;
2. Create a figure using linear geometric commands ;
3. Value the importance of linear geometric commands in AutoCAD drafting.
LEARNING CONTENT
Commands for Linear Geometric Objects
Drafting a functional floor plan or generating realistic 3 dimensional objects always
starts from simple line geometry. Here are some of the most common linear
geometric tools/commands in creating line geometry.
A. Line Command
With LINE, you can create a series of contiguous line segments. Each segment is a
line object that can be edited separately.
Steps in creating line segments with given length using Line Command
Given
Properties: Horizontal line, length
(20 units)
Coordinate system: Direct distance
entry
Steps:
1. L (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. F8 (ortho ON)
6. Move crosshair to right
7. Input Distance ( type 20)
8. Spacebar/enter
9. Spacebar/enter/escape ( to end
command)
5
Steps in creating line segments with given length and angle using Line
Command
Given
Properties: 30 degrees
diagonal line, length (20
units) List of Prompts
Coordinate system: Direct 1. Specify first point / next point
distance entry Specify points to draw line segments.
2. Continue
Steps:
Continues a line from the endpoint of the
1. L (type in your most recently drawn line.
keyboard) 3. Close
2. Spacebar/enter Ends the last line segment at the
3. Specify First Point beginning of the first line segment, which
(type 0,0) forms a closed loop of line segments. You
4. Spacebar/enter can use Close after you have drawn a
5. Hold Shift+< (input 30) series of two or more segments.
6. Spacebar/enter 4. Undo
7. Input Distance ( type Erases the most recent segment of a line
20) sequence. Entering u more than once
8. Spacebar/enter backtracks through line segments in the
9. Spacebar/enter/escape order you created them.
( to end command)
B. XLine Command
Creates a construction line of infinite length. Xlines are useful for creating
construction and reference lines, and for trimming boundaries.
6
Steps in creating construction line using XLine Command
List of Prompts
Point
Specifies the location of the infinite
line using two points through which it
passes.
Hor
Creates a horizontal xline passing
through a specified point.
Ver
Creates a vertical xline passing
through a specified point.
Ang
Creates an xline at a specified angle.
Angle of Xline
Specifies the angle at which to place
the line.
Reference
Given Specifies the angle from a selected
Properties: 30 degrees reference line.
diagonal construction line Bisect
Coordinate system: Direct Creates an xline that passes through
distance entry the selected angle vertex and bisects
the angle between the first and second
Steps: line.
1. XL (type in your keyboard) Offset
2. Spacebar/enter Creates an xline parallel to another
3. Specify First Point object.
(type 0,0) Offset Distance
4. Spacebar/enter Specifies the distance the xline is
5. Hold Shift+< (input 30) offset from the selected object.
6. Spacebar/enter Through
7. Pick a point or click Creates an xline offset from a line and
8. Spacebar/enter ( to end passing through a specified point.
command)
C. RAY (Command)
Creates a linear object that starts at a point and continues to infinity. The ray is
extended to the edge of the display in the direction defined by the starting point and
the through point. The prompt for a through point is redisplayed so you can create
multiple rays. Press Enter to end the command
7
Steps in creating RAY using Ray Command
Given
Properties: 30 degrees diagonal ray line
Coordinate system: Direct distance entry
Steps:
1. RAY (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Hold Shift+< (input 30)
6. Spacebar/enter List of Prompts
7. Pick a point or click Specify start point.
8. Spacebar/enter ( to end command) Specify through
point
D. MLINE (Command)
Creates multiple parallel lines.
Given
Properties:
Angle=30 degrees
Length=20 units
Justification=zero
Scale=2 units
Coordinate system: Direct distance
entry
Steps:
1. ML (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Justification (press in your
keyboard)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Zero (press in your keyboard)
6. Spacebar/enter
7. Scale (press in your keyboard)
8. Spacebar/enter
1 9. 2 (press in your keyboard)
10. Spacebar/enter
11. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
12. Spacebar/enter
13. Hold Shift+< (input 30)
14. Spacebar/enter
15. Input Distance (type 20)
16. Spacebar/enter
17. Spacebar/enter (to end command)
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List of Prompts:
Start point
Specifies the next vertex of the multiline.
Next point
Draws a multiline segment to the specified point using the current multiline
style and continues to prompt for points.
Undo
Undoes the last vertex point on the multiline.
Close
Closes the multiline by joining the last segments with the first segments.
Justification
Determines how the multiline is drawn between the points you specify.
Scale
Controls the overall width of the multiline. This scale does not affect linetype
scale.
Style
Specifies a style to use for the multiline.
E. PLINE (Command)
Creates a 2D polyline, a single object that is composed of line and arc segments. A
2D polyline is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar object.
You can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a combination of the two.
9
Steps in creating an arrow using PLINE Command
Given
Properties:
Angle=90 degrees
Total Height=50 UNITS
Coordinate system: Direct
distance entry
Steps:
1. PL (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. F8( ortho mode ON)
6. Hover crosshair upward
7. W (type in your keyboard)
8. Spacebar/enter
9. 10 (input as Beginning Width
for arrow line)
10. Spacebar/enter
11. 10 (input as Ending Width
for arrow line)
12. Spacebar/enter
13. 30 (input as Height for
arrow line)
14. Spacebar/enter
15. W (type in your keyboard)
16. 30 (input as Beginning
Width for arrow head)
17. Spacebar/enter
18. 0 (input as Ending Width
for arrow head)
18. Spacebar/enter
19. 20 (input as Height for
arrow head)
20. Spacebar/enter (to end
command)
F. RECTANGLE (Command)
Creates a rectangular polyline. Creates a rectangular polyline from the specified the
rectangle parameters (length, width, rotation) and type of corners (fillet, chamfer, or
square).
10
Steps in creating rectangle using REC Command
Given
Properties:
Height= 20 UNITS (Y axis)
Width =40 UNITS (X axis)
Coordinate system: Direct
distance entry
Steps:
1. REC (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Shift+@ 40, 20
6. Spacebar/enter (to end
command)
G. POLYGON (Command)
Creates an equilateral closed polyline. You can specify the different parameters of
the polygon including the number of sides. The difference between the inscribed
and circumscribed options is shown
11
Steps in creating Pentagon using POLygon Command
Given
Properties:
Radius= 10 UNITS
Coordinate system: Direct
distance entry
Steps:
1. POL (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. 5 (input number of sides)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
6. Spacebar/enter
7. Enter and option (Inscribed)
8. Hover crosshair upward
9. 10( input Radius)
10. Spacebar/enter (to end
command)
Steps:
1. REC (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Shift+@ -15, -8
6. Spacebar/enter (to end
command)
Note: Grid X&Y spacing = 1x1 unit
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
LEARNING CONTENT
Commands for Create curved geometric objects
In AutoCAD, drafting eccentric circles, concentric arcs and even the most distorted
curves made quick and easy. Here are some of the most common create curved
commands in creating curved geometry.
A. Circle Command
Creates a circle.
List of Prompts:
Center Point
Draws a circle based on a center point and a diameter or a radius.
Radius
Defines the radius of the circle.
Diameter
Defines the diameter of the circle.
3P (Three Points)
Draws a circle based on three points on the circumference.
Tan, Tan, Tan
Creates a circle tangent to three objects.
2P (Two Points)
Draws a circle based on two endpoints of the diameter.
TTR (Tangent, Tangent, Radius)
Draws a circle with a specified radius tangent to two objects.
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Steps in creating circle using Circle Command
Given
Properties:
Radius= 5 UNITS
Coordinate system: Direct distance
entry
Steps:
1. C (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
3. Spacebar/enter
4. Hover crosshair upward
5. 5 (input radius)
6. Spacebar/enter (to end command)
B. Arc Command
Creates an arc.
List of Prompts:
Start point
Draws an arc using three specified points on the arc's circumference. The first
point is the start point (1).
Center
Starts by specifying the center of the circle of which the arc is a part.
End
Starts by specifying the endpoint of the arc.
Tangent to last line, arc, or polyline
Draws an arc tangent to the last line, arc, or polyline drawn when you press
ENTER at the first prompt.
14
C. Spline Command
Creates a smooth curve that passes through or near a set of fit points, or that is
defined by the vertices in a control frame.
List of Prompts:
First Point
Specifies the first point of the spline, either the first fit
point or the first control vertex, depending on the
current method.
Method
Controls whether the spline is created with fit points
or with control vertices. (SPLMETHOD system variable)
Object
Converts 2D or 3D quadratic or cubic spline-fit
polylines to equivalent splines. The original polyline is
retained or discarded depending on the setting of the
DELOBJ system variable.
Knots
Specifies the knot parameterization, one of several
computational methods that determines how the
component curves between successive fit points within
a spline are blended. (SPLKNOTS system variable)
15
D. Ellipse Command
Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc.
Given
Properties:
Major Axis = 10 units
Minor Axis = 5 units
Axis Endpoint= Center
Coordinate system: Direct
distance entry
Steps:
1. EL (type in your
keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Center (type in your
keyboard)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Specify First Point
(type 0,0) List of Prompts
6. Spacebar/enter Arc
7. Hover crosshair Creates an elliptical arc.
rightward Center
8. 10 (input major axis) Creates an ellipse using a center point, the
9. Spacebar/enter endpoint of the first axis, and the length of the
10. Hover crosshair second axis.
upward Isocircle
11. 5 (input minor axis) Creates an isometric circle in the current
12. Spacebar/enter (to isometric drawing plane.
end command)
ACTIVITY 1 Arc Command
Direction: On the graph below, draw the geometry result based on the given
steps. Use ballpen in this activity. Make your work neat. Enjoy!
Steps:
1. A (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Point
(type 0,0)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Hover crosshair upward
6. 5 (input distance)
7. Spacebar/enter
8. Hover crosshair leftward
9. 5 (input distance)
10. Spacebar/enter (to
end command)
Note: Grid X&Y spacing = 1x1
unit
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Direction: Fill in the blanks.
Provide the missing step/s to complete the given geometry. Use circle command to
draft the object. Write your answer on the space provided.
Steps:
1. C (type in your keyboard)
2. _________________________
3. _________________________
3. _________________________
4. Hover crosshair upward
5. ________________________
6. ________________________
List of Prompts:
Pick internal point
Determines a boundary from existing objects that form an enclosed area around
the specified point.
Select objects
Determines a boundary from selected objects that form an enclosed area.
Remove boundaries
(Available only when adding hatches from within the Hatch and Gradient dialog
box)
Removes the hatch patterns added during the currently active HATCH
command. Click the pattern you want to remove.
Add boundaries
(Available only when adding hatches from within the Hatch and Gradient dialog
box)
Switches from the Remove Boundaries mode so you can add hatch patterns
again.
Undo
Steps in creating
Removes hatch
the last pattern
hatch using
pattern youHatch Command
inserted with the currently active HATCH
command.
17
Steps in creating hatch pattern using Hatch Command
Given
Steps:
1. H (type in your
keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Choose swatch
4. Choose ANSI31
5. 10 (Scale)
6. 0 (Angle default =
45 degrees)
7. Choose
center(boundary
extents)
8. Choose Add Pick
points
9. Click the bounded
area of the circle
10. Click OK
B. Gradient Command
Fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a gradient fill. A gradient fill creates
a smooth transition between one or two colors.
18
ACTIVITY 1 Hatch Command
Direction: On the given object below, draw the hatch pattern result based on the
given steps. Use ballpen in this activity. Make your work neat. Enjoy!
Given
Steps:
1. H (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Choose swatch
4. Choose ANSI31
5. 20 (Scale)
6. 0 (Angle default = 45 degrees)
7. Choose center(boundary extents)
8. Choose Add Pick points
9. Click the bounded area of the circle
10. Click OK
Given
Steps:
1. ________________________________
2. Spacebar/enter
3. ________________________________
4. ________________________________
5. ________________________________
6. Click OK
LEARNING CONTENT
About Notes and Labels
The text you add to your drawings conveys a variety of information. It may be a
complex specification, title block information, a label, or even part of the drawing.
A. Text Command
Creates a single-line text object.
19
Steps in creating text using TExt Command
Given
Properties:
Text justification=center
Text height = 10 units
Text rotation= 0 degrees
Steps:
1. TE (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Justify (type in your keyboard)
1 4. Spacebar/enter
5. Center (type in your keyboard)
6. Spacebar/enter
7. Specify Center Point
(type 0,0)
8. Spacebar/enter
9. 10 (type in your keyboard-
Specify height)
10. Spacebar/enter List of Prompts:
11. 0 ( type in your keybord-
Start Point
tetSpecify rotation angle)
Specifies a start point for the textobject.
12. TEXT(input text characters Justify
in text field)
Controls justification of the text.
13. Click outside the text field
Style
(New text field)
Specifies the text style, which determines
14. ESC ( to end command)
the appearance of thetext characters.
B. MText Command
Creates a multiline text object.
Steps in creating text using MText Command
Given
Properties:
Text height = 3 units
Steps:
1. T (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Corner (type
0,0)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Specify Opposite Corner
(type 10,5)
6. Spacebar/enter
7. AUTOCAD(input text
characters in text field)
8. Highlight the characters (to
change format in text
formatting window)
9. Set font size to 3 Units
10. Click OK to close text
formatting window
20
List of Prompts:
First, opposite corner
As you click with the pointing device to specify one corner followed by the
diagonal corner.
Height
Specifies the text height to use for multiline text characters.
Justify
Determines both text justification and text flow, for new or selected text, in
relation to the text boundary.
Line spacing
Specifies line spacing for the multiline text object.
Rotation
Specifies the rotation angle of the text boundary.
Style
Specifies the text style to use for multiline text.
Width
Specifies the width of the text boundary.
Columns
Specifies the column options for a multiline text object.
Steps:
1. TE (type in your keyboard)
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Justify (type in your keyboard)
4. Spacebar/enter
5. Center (type in your keyboard)
6. Spacebar/enter
7. Specify Center Point
(type 0,0)
8. Spacebar/enter
9. 10 (type in your keyboard-
Specify height)
10. Spacebar/enter
11. 90 ( type in your keybord-
tetSpecify rotation angle)
12. TEXT(input text characters
in text field)
13. Click outside the text field
(New text field)
14. ESC ( to end command)
21
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Steps:
1. _________________________
2. Spacebar/enter
3. Specify First Corner (type 0,0)
4. _________________________
5. Specify Opposite Corner (type
10,5)
6. Spacebar/enter
7. _________________________
8. Highlight the characters (to
change format in text formatting
window)
9. _________________________
10. _________________________
22
POST TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in the space
provided for before each number.
_____ 1. To create a multi-line text object use shortcut key ____________command.
A. GRA B. TE C. H D. T
_____ 2. This command is useful for creating construction and reference lines, and for
trimming boundaries.
A. C B. CL C. CE D. CC
_____ 4. A shortcut key used to create a smooth curve that passes through or near a
set of fit points, or that is defined by the vertices in a control frame.
A. LM B. H C. LMS D. SPL
_____ 5. A shortcut key to fill an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch
pattern, solid fill, or gradient fill.
A. GRA B. TE C. H D. T
_____ 7. It is used to create a series of contiguous line segments. Each segment is a
line object that can be edited separately.
A. Line Command B. MLine Command C. Ray Command D. XLine
Command
_____ 8. To create an arc in AutoCAD, use shortcut key_________ command.
A. AR B. A C. ARR D. ARK
_____ 9 .It is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar object.
A. GRA B. TE C. H D. T
23
References:
https://www.slideshare.net/markleen/k12-technical-drafting-learning-module
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scan2cad.com
%2Fcad%2Fautocad-basics
autodesk.com
autocad2014 offline help
https://searchapparchitecture.techtarget.com/definition/software
https://blogs.autodesk.com/autocad/autocad-options-dialog-box-part-one/
knowledge.autodesk.com
1. A 1. D
2. B 2. B
3. C 3. A
4. A 4. D
5. B 5. C
6. D 6. B
7. C 7. A
8. A 8. B
9. B 9. C
10. D 10. A
Acknowledgements
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