Introduction

Tile Flooring: Estimating Number of Tiles for a Room, Cement & Sand
This application is made for everyone but more likely for Civil Engineering personnel
especially those who are in the field or construction area. Tile Flooring: Estimating Number of
Tiles for a Room, Cement & Sand is the application I created. The main goal of this application
to calculate the amount of materials needed in creating Tile Flooring in a faster way. Also, this
application is a one-stop calculator which tends to calculate the materials needed without any use
of pen and papers. The objective of this application is to extend the learning and technology in
such a way that it will be useful and helpful in future generation. The problem being solve by the
application is the process and calculation of Estimating Number of Tiles required for Room
Flooring, Cement, and Sand for Tile Flooring Bed. The similar applications exist in the industry
used today are Tiles Calculator, which calculate the number of tiles needed. Tiles and Concrete
Estimator, which helps in estimating how much tiles and concrete used in while constructing.
Construction Calculator (Concrete, Steel, Bricks, etc.), which is an all in one calculator that
calculate concrete, bricks, steel, blocks, tiles, area, etc.
ALGORITHM

1. Input – a, b, c, d, e, f, g

2. Process:

Sand.arf = a*b
Sand.wvm = e*Sand.arf
Sand.dvm = Sand.wvm*1.25
Sand.cem = (Sand.dvm/(f+g)*f)
Sand.cemb = Sand.cem/0.035
Sand.sm3 = (Sand.dvm/(f+g)*g)
Sand.sb = Sand.sm3*0.354
Sand.tiles = (Sand.arf/(c*d))

while( i<=29 )

3. Output – a, b, c, d, e, f, g, answerOne, answerTwo, answerThree, answerFour,

answerFive, answerSix, answerSeven, answerEight
FLOWCHART

Start
A
Input a, b, c, d, e, f, g

Sand.arf = a*b

Sand.wvm = e*Sand.arf

Sand.dvm = Sand.wvm*1.25

Sand.cem = (Sand.dvm/(f+g)*f)

Sand.cemb = Sand.cem/0.035

Sand.sm3 = (Sand.dvm/(f+g)*g)

Sand.sb = Sand.sm3*0.354

Sand.tiles = (Sand.arf/(c*d))

Print a, b, c, d, e, f, g, answerOne, answerTwo, answerThree, answerFour, answerFive,

answerSix, answerSeven, answerEight

i++

while T
A
i<=29
F
End
STATEMENT USED IN C++

While – In most computer programming languages, a while loop is a control flow

statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a given Boolean condition. The
while loop can be thought of as a repeating if statement.
C++ while loops statement allows to repeatedly run the same block of code until a
condition is met. While loop is a most basic loop in C++. While loop has one control condition,
and executes as long the condition is true. The condition of the loop is tested before the body of
the loop is executed, hence it is called an entry-controlled loop.
In every programming language including C++, loop is a process of repeating a group of
statements until a certain condition is satisfied. While loop is an entry controlled loop where the
condition is checked at the beginning of the loop. The condition to be checked can be changed
inside it. The control can exit a loop in two ways, when the condition becomes false or using
break statement.
RELATED TOPICS

Area – Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional figure or
shape, or planar lamina, in the plane. Surface area is its analogue on the two-dimensional surface
of a three-dimensional object. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given
thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint
necessary to cover the surface with a single coat. It is the two-dimensional analogue of the length
of a curve (a one-dimensional concept) or the volume of a solid (a three-dimensional concept).
The area of a shape can be measured by comparing the shape to squares of a fixed size. In
the International System of Units (SI), the standard unit of area is the square meter (written as
m2), which is the area of a square whose sides are one meter long. A shape with an area of three
square meters would have the same area as three such squares. In mathematics, the unit square is
defined to have area one, and the area of any other shape or surface is a dimensionless real
number.
There are several well-known formulas for the areas of simple shapes such as triangles,
rectangles, and circles. Using these formulas, the area of any polygon can be found by dividing
the polygon into triangles. For shapes with curved boundary, calculus is usually required to
compute the area. Indeed, the problem of determining the area of plane figures was a major
motivation for the historical development of calculus. For a solid shape such as a sphere, cone, or
cylinder, the area of its boundary surface is called the surface area. Formulas for the surface
areas of simple shapes were computed by the ancient Greeks, but computing the surface area of a
more complicated shape usually requires multivariable calculus.
Area plays an important role in modern mathematics. In addition to its obvious
importance in geometry and calculus, area is related to the definition of determinants in linear
algebra, and is a basic property of surfaces in differential geometry. In analysis, the area of a
subset of the plane is defined using Lebesgue measure, though not every subset is measurable. In
general, area in higher mathematics is seen as a special case of volume for two-dimensional
regions.
Area can be defined through the use of axioms, defining it as a function of a collection of
certain plane figures to the set of real numbers. It can be proved that such a function exists.
Every unit of length has a corresponding unit of area, namely the area of a square with the given
side length. Thus areas can be measured in square meters (m 2), square centimeters (cm2), square
millimeters (mm2), square kilometers (km2), square feet (ft2), square yards (yd2), square miles
(mi2), and so forth. Algebraically, these units can be thought of as the squares of the
corresponding length units.
Sides (Rectangle) – In Euclidean plane geometry, a Rectangle is a quadrilateral with four
right angles. It can also be defined as an equiangular quadrilateral, since equiangular means that
all of its angles are equal (360°/4 = 90°). It can also be defined as a parallelogram containing a
right angle. A rectangle with four sides of equal length is a square.
 The word rectangle comes from the Latin rectangulus, which is a combination of rectus
(as an adjective, right, proper) and angulus (angle). Rectangles are involved in many tiling
problems, such as tiling the plane by rectangles or tiling a rectangle by polygons.
A rectangle is a special case of a parallelogram in which each pair of adjacent sides is
perpendicular. A parallelogram is a special case of a trapezium (known as a trapezoid in North
America) in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel and equal in length. A rectangle is
cyclic: all corners lie on a single circle. It is equiangular: all its corner angles are equal (each of
90 degrees). It is isogonal or vertex-transitive: all corners lie within the same symmetry orbit. It
has two lines of reflectional symmetry and rotational symmetry of order 2 (through 180°).

Different formula used

Addition – Addition (often signified by the plus symbol "+") is one of the four basic
operations of arithmetic; the others are subtraction, multiplication and division. The addition of
two whole numbers is the total amount of those values combined. For example, in the adjacent
picture, there is a combination of three apples and two apples together, making a total of five
apples. This observation is equivalent to the mathematical expression "3 + 2 = 5" i.e., "3 add 2 is
equal to 5".
Besides counting items, addition can also be defined on other types of numbers, such as
integers, real numbers and complex numbers. This is part of arithmetic, a branch of mathematics.
In algebra, another area of mathematics, addition can be performed on abstract objects such as
vectors and matrices.
Addition has several important properties. It is commutative, meaning that order does not
matter, and it is associative, meaning that when one adds more than two numbers, the order in
which addition is performed does not matter (see Summation). Repeated addition of 1 is the
same as counting; addition of 0 does not change a number. Addition also obeys predictable rules
concerning related operations such as subtraction and multiplication.
Performing addition is one of the simplest numerical tasks. Addition of very small
numbers is accessible to toddlers; the most basic task, 1 + 1, can be performed by infants as
young as five months and even some members of other animal species. In primary education,
students are taught to add numbers in the decimal system, starting with single digits and
progressively tackling more difficult problems. Mechanical aids range from the ancient abacus to
the modern computer, where research on the most efficient implementations of addition
continues to this day.

Multiplication – Multiplication (often denoted by the cross symbol "×", by a point "⋅",
by juxtaposition, or, on computers, by an asterisk "∗") is one of the four elementary
mathematical operations of arithmetic; with the others being addition, subtraction and division.
 The multiplication of whole numbers may be thought as a repeated addition; that is, the
multiplication of two numbers is equivalent to adding as many copies of one of them, the
multiplicand, as the value of the other one, the multiplier. The multiplier can be written first and
multiplicand second (though the custom can vary by culture); both can be called factors. The
multiplication of integers (including negative numbers), rational numbers (fractions) and real
numbers is defined by a systematic generalization of this basic definition.
Multiplication can also be visualized as counting objects arranged in a rectangle (for
whole numbers) or as finding the area of a rectangle whose sides have given lengths. The area of
a rectangle does not depend on which side is measured first, which illustrates the commutative
property. The product of two measurements is a new type of measurement, for instance
multiplying the lengths of the two sides of a rectangle gives its area, this is the subject of
dimensional analysis.
Multiplication is also defined for other types of numbers, such as complex numbers, and
more abstract constructs, like matrices. For some of these more abstract constructs, the order in
which the operands are multiplied together matters. A listing of the many different kinds of
products that are used in mathematics is given in the product (mathematics) page.

Division – In mathematics, the word "division" means the operation which is the opposite
of multiplication. The symbol for division can be a slash, a line, or the division sign.
Division is most often shown by placing the dividend over the divisor with a horizontal
line, also called a vinculum, between them.
A fraction is a division expression where both dividend and divisor are integers (although
typically called the numerator and denominator). A fraction is an accepted way of writing
numbers. It is not always expected that the result of the division is written in decimals. A less
common way to show division is to use the obelus. But in elementary arithmetic this form is used
rather often. The obelus is also used alone to represent the division operation itself, as for
instance as a label on a key of a calculator.
In some non-English-speaking cultures, "a divided by b" is written a : b. However, in
English usage the colon is restricted to expressing the related concept of ratios (with a:b said as
"a is to b").

Rounding Off/Up – Some scientific calculators can be set to round off all displayed
numbers to a particular number of decimal places or significant digits. However, it’s easy enough
to round off numbers without a calculator: Simply drop all unwanted digits to the right of the
digits that are to be retained and increase the last retained digit by 1 if the first dropped digit is 5
or greater. It may be necessary to replace dropped digits by zeros in order to hold the decimal
point; for instance, we round off 5157.3 to the nearest hundred as 5200.
 Rounding off should be done in one step, rather than digit-by-digit. Digit-by-digit
rounding off may produce an incorrect result. For instance, if 8.2347 is rounded off to four
significant digits as 8.235, which in turn is rounded off to three significant digits, the result
would be 8.24. However, 8.2347 is correctly rounded off in one step to three significant digits as
8.23.
If approximate numbers expressed in ordinary decimal form are added or subtracted, the
result should be considered accurate only to as many decimal places as the least accurate of the
numbers, and it should be rounded off accordingly. To add or subtract approximate numbers
expressed in significant notation, first convert the numbers to ordinary decimal form, and then
round off the result as above. Finally, rewrite the answer in scientific notation to obtain the
appropriate number of significant digits.
CODE

#include <iostream.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdio.h>

struct Result{
int cemb;
int tiles;
float arf;
float wvm;
float dvm;
float cem;
float sm3;
float sb;
}Sand;

void theProject()
{
float a, b, c, d, e, f, g;
cout<<"Enter the Width of Room (m) >>> ";
cin>> a;
cout<<"Enter the Length of Room (m) >>> ";
cin>> b;
cout<<"Enter the Width of Tile (m) >>> ";
cin>> c;
cout<<"Enter the Length of Tile (m) >>> ";
 cin>> d;
cout<<"Enter the Thickness of Flooring (m) >>> ";
cin>> e;
cout<<"Enter the Proportion of Mortar (cement) >>> ";
cin>> f;
cout<<"Enter the Proportion of Mortar (sand) >>> ";
cin>> g;

Sand.arf = a*b;
Sand.wvm = e*Sand.arf;
Sand.dvm = Sand.wvm*1.25;
Sand.cem = (Sand.dvm/(f+g)*f);
Sand.cemb = Sand.cem/0.035;
Sand.sm3 = (Sand.dvm/(f+g)*g);
Sand.sb = Sand.sm3*0.354;
Sand.tiles = (Sand.arf/(c*d));

float *answerOne;
float *answerTwo;
float *answerThree;
float *answerFour;
int *answerFive;
float *answerSix;
float *answerSeven;
int *answerEight;

answerOne = &Sand.arf;
answerTwo = &Sand.wvm;
 answerThree = &Sand.dvm;
answerFour = &Sand.cem;
answerFive = &Sand.cemb;
answerSix = &Sand.sm3;
answerSeven = &Sand.sb;
answerEight = &Sand.tiles;

cout<<"\n"<<"WIDTH OF ROOM (m): "<<a<<"\n";

cout<<"LENGTH OF ROOM (m): "<<b<<"\n";
cout<<"WIDTH OF TILE (m): "<<c<<"\n";
cout<<"LENGTH OF TILE (m): "<<d<<"\n";
cout<<"THICKNESS OF FLOORING (m): "<<e<<"\n";
cout<<"PROPORTION OF MORTAR (cement): "<<f<<"\n";
cout<<"PROPORTION OF MORTAR (sand): "<<g<<"\n";
cout<<"AREA OF ROOM FLOORING (m^2): "<<*answerOne<<"\n";
cout<<"WET VOLUME OF MORTAR (m^3): "<<*answerTwo<<"\n";
cout<<"DRY VOLUME OF MORTAR (m^3): "<<*answerThree<<"\n";
cout<<"CEMENT (m^3): "<<*answerFour<<"\n";
cout<<"CEMENT BAGS (pieces): "<<*answerFive<<"\n";
cout<<"SAND (m^3): "<<*answerSix<<"\n";
cout<<"SAND (brass): "<<*answerSeven<<"\n";
cout<<"NUMBER OF TILES (pieces): "<<*answerEight<<"\n\n";
}

void main()
{
int i = 0;
int countdown[30];
 while( i<=29 )
{
theProject();
countdown[i++];
}

}
OUTPUT
References

https://www.w3schools.in/cplusplus-tutorial/loops/while/
https://www.programtopia.net/cplusplus/docs/while-loop
http://engineeringfeed.com/important-surface-area-formulas
https://myconvert.site/area
https://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/rectangle.html
https://www.mathopenref.com/rectangle.html
https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/addition.html
https://geosoc.org/schools/adult/math/preAlg_Int/week2/Multiplication.htm
https://www.math.net/worksheets/multiplication
https://www.smartickmethod.com/blog/math/operations-and-algebraic-
thinking/division/multiplication-division/
https://www.emathzone.com/tutorials/algebra/concept-of-rounding-off.html