KEAL TIME SSTEMS

(ini aiam 5yu

NAME
OSN RGI1ECO05

SEME5TER meolT

4 Otobor 2O20
DATE
SUBMITTED ON
26 0ctobe 2020
ASSIG NMENT
-
01

PAaMM

sbudents Mgnatune
e m uue drlntien eRTS.Explam tne am-
aten oRTS baord en yndhrow3aton between
econupulen
exleinal poces and l e u n a l tasks
hu eu whone

Real Jme ylim

hu mut
eu t is met ey depundent n

6the ystim but alao derends

time at whuen
m whih the
m,
as oiqmdicant.mis
produueed
Corieonends o m
wauy secawae ne imuut
wewmtw the phyical wonld, amd th
M

to elati to that on evemmenl

eutruthaa
eAut me
d h haj tem m p u t t m e to

mut be mhiienty snnall tor aucntable timeunes

ane
the exnal PAOTes
Syndnonizahon bluo
acens Cavwd ut by me evmrudn
ntinal
m Jannns ek he Poss age 6um
may be deuned w
wwhih
h Caoe
Case the
h e
he atual tume day m

o
to Aad be Clece baaed. yolem
mytum As
mens amd
wbe deuned m ms o
Ewent baaed ystn
i s a i d to be
the ytum
the auhons m the
S4 te elahonshap b
aMe twu Y m i mnin nnoe

Comlur
Aocaely druntd Thn h e aptim is Sntuatme ylm
OL
*ek based taoks Ccycklue amd peuoduc)

depenolent he nnnken o oruenaluow

9
Cemnrl
Coplilion Ahe tte
Abe uufomed ad ed addimg
bbtaned y
Syndeni3'athom Mually
ng
mng &
byctm, and
A l e kto the Lowmputer toAnteuypt he o uon
AGnal om tthis ork
u m e inewall
th
at pedeloumnnd ix ed
othe Ceuul

Ewt baoled tauu (Aperiodic)not at pacduuulan mes

be pe
Adiow a n e to be pe orenatons
m e ilhwals Jut wutun a gmen
Max

w.t AeDend
ne m
ement
am Aw a pati ulan itemals and
ddtenmund
wUhun
Enens ocun a t
hon- task.
aumodie
baand tasks a n e nuvMe
t
f
taratim Ydun TS
KIS o uch
»ueh as
s

langest
das o}
Ihey reaesent
Acotualuen yAm or hetl
0
ant tullun,
autoatn
sulals
klu
Can m Aeunms meh
Am AAms
onduns,
Uxrvsed
aegurement
A
M
w nt
t het
h et
Jhe RT Ae
Aune
Kirense
a m e na
amgunnge
as
p i u d e t e r m u i a
me

X CLLd
e m e

Arlen by
by he
the nleunal
timu Atleuncd
aarends
at a

Sk COmuder wthout ele

Aate the
er inal envwenment
 3
x p l a n n im drlal he qenenalised cenrudten Covlull
Myslum shewng mandwane and n e t t w a mawaL
mesdar

Cempud
Contisler

Aaks 9 tnal
Amage
Swut Ouutrut
Image mege

wtut
asks as

Gutput|
4nruuut
dartceA

plant
Cextanal wonld)i
CsTonreseoo

Amplijed block diagnam of hedbak

he a dmaus t Cenlnous
Cenunens
Aerutaet
at yplT t
Ceviuel
Ceel ytim gaher
f the m r t ohtwam
Ihe a r u t dM to Cheate
nuded
Amlomaluen
the

n e plat
meimaluen
A Am analaa tom
toma
io exunal
dhe wm t apshot w l l nvdme
the poCes eblanis
ao nseAl aa nAnA
digtisation
the d aet oo
w n w aet
iesents
J h e ouutuut anmage
byCevtuel caluulalom.
ulnts genualed
mma
OututAnage wl be updaled peruodically by Centul
tanks
he
Cendiel Softwa. hothn he Comruutin m erealg
a m An Amaget l a n tlant t paodue. mi outrut"
Ammag

hat DDC Exnlin bue am dDN

pema AechniqMes Anneol o
digial Centuel he hedbaks
Dnet f e e d o a k loep
t h fedloauk
A
loop aA
1m

A Cenelauenc bemag anord Jm leM el

tncal cewmpuonento
Mat s
a

and hence qeeat Ca

ncluabuty th m h
emert taulne
hailuns

heded Ao enune hat Am

Y
veen
m aA
M N
ai n
un
soe
mu
e loar
Malkunltenurg
Condiuen

andlor Cennrulen u r w M )

MAaMRd
Setpeun Vamables

igual
CemruuL

Proces

Droo

Jhe maual miand ewwna nolaty to Linnt

DDC n t o maka,
muenmental changes t te
autuateu en the plat andto linut the vate chag
h
o txator
 5
Actuato1 4ns Auu tiyn ®hnMoler
conluotlng a met hanwm y t t m . 9t m oruialrd by
the seuNCO n3 AM he oclelue,Cup
ydnalalie quiid p ond onmunl
Omd enugy amw
eme nmeluon 9t'ats upon CMViKm Menl

advanlageo Centul os a Mnge

Cotcheaser the analay
CAM Cevhe a lon
lange ho
dugutal Cenulen

digutal tovit
ohb rler anaplsnma-
Penomance
-

Ydim
-
lalon a wid, nange dCenliol
a wauy and
educed d t
Amnwued
wdk lena mean u m e
yelnable.
Sahcdy-3tm hignly
Say the
the nylimm
amd Annemes
b aues

4Explam the olleuug9

Suevisory Contiol ylum
cowlel Jho
uaed to dnutly
Lewptu
an net eny proida hManagns
pLeud
b ut aloo t can
c an
h e rlant,
ualon Cewpehennima uctune h e Mant
wun
and emgunil
SuruVIsMY o
enalos t he
rou A
on
he neanoms r u N nen
net aluway
lany danys thet h a
m hu that ha
Cemnulens dictalid
d ictalid
a) Cauton
ehable and
im e
enent dh
y he. able to
aun
ould. sul
plant
a cemuw tauuie

wu wy expenv
b ) Covnutis knousledge
baaed upen
Mmnl and ws
Jnuy
otatu thaiastenius d th plarl
teady
 Htuman and or connpultr Supeavvo|
MRanned

Sel ponts vaniables

Prote
ir TA
A - atuatot

Centunens pvCAM
proces and
b) Bath
batch pYo cem daouube Proces
Procu
w

batch as maed to Caled

C a u e d out to
out t o
Jhe Am ae
onnations
eeaamte.
Lshuch Product
a amaily
Poduu hih the uente

en Am
wn
-
Jhe 3ctch batches.
to produce. tulhen
enatad exaut
exaet c
C oo
ppor
euu
ooo
on
Proeduct
dh the
Sneucaluen Aa
M nns
s
e n t

bl d{fenent
changed duetion
b oatch pro
Ma
May am
n n e a m i n e m e n t

t
mmpolant taken
lake
o procluc
procuu
An Le
t
imue
e
anae
SetSetup next poduiuen
batch.

ent to OT-tume laten

ime
Cperatien dung which produut
Batih si3c. =
s t up Aunne
being pieduted.
 1

m wuich
osylamu
h e tEim Covilmeus maRd
nods d
antanned Jo levg AOA°b,
entti qe
Poduutuen
yrially
oun uen 17
t h e u d inteuiluom
me but I h
fualuons
is changed
Jhe vathe duteet
dene notlhiout haltuna the Procos m whih produet
m whuch produtt
as Batches
ItMay be Cenaideed ume
nne
tombuialuoy i change o
Cevilinous, n e
the change
h e chang
JheM clasmed a
ane Ih
I he
oullLolhalltng

M muporlen made

raduuhen proCes
Coutiel algottunm
ie) PlD
s
h i gemenal to t
elt) dt +Td dect)
mt) -

k,TeCt) + TE dt
wnena eCt) = vlt) -

ct)
YCE) -

veteence
vaue| aat þoiut
v a u a b le
-meanned
elt)
e(t) - en

overall conieller gain

Kp Tume
auen
T - ntearal tine
auen
deivatuon
d-
d
dos mad
dee propetion al
Ppotienal

tonbuel Mgnal h a t ann oulrut

oulautt
ing
a
deaired
d ived vaue
value

blw the
ebn'eus
is a n obneus
Lo ette
ewor
iaan
valuua t h e odput
lput
tue atiual
and
and hearenable tualegy
enor
and e ignas
u o r gnal

he lontiel ignal
h e vat bl Cenntant

Can be adjustudl ng
the propotionalt
 tvena a pempoM
Small steady at
ahigh value b Ap gnves -

l a l e enor
a leo value K p 1ves-ange Åeady M o o
NApOne
tate emoi
By addug integnal adon tums pteady Rat
0, he Antrgal am
CAnbe. e d u e d to 2no i n
noy wt une

mqnal w uih tha

wuuih
nlugnals the emr
ot
at
valie t h vate by inlegalL
f o the quuen oY
m u e a o L s i s d e l e u n n d

Amtgna m
atuon me T Condultens

prot@
ene.
aat dh
Ot enales m
nvionmedal
Condluen
cendilien

un
load n thu ploce e ANor
al eAror
Change Aalu
e r u l t An
Auady
will
ooutng
wotunA dda
a
Exrulan the
5 e n e nteupt.
Chan Ant o a t
which thuo
An anteupt J a
uehanwwm by
alloo alloo aa
a

alörreol
oned t»
to
Can
b e mper amly
ram A m t e u t AemMCe nemce
pog SR t t u r t t
n
pieo seuoa
oneuaL
Ntln to Min which
t h proqvam
oulin has huuahed,
When LA A
eum Mmed
ed
is
oned
ha tenupo auM J a n p t oS a t a

-Real time doet

alanm msuls

Manual anende

handian. hauluw

Maun
DOgaM
Renno debuga
Andiatn
aids
aucu

,Onuain *yslem

power auume hoan

 Oasy chan gnt.enupt Scmce
aNoAmteut tondilon
15 Devie O Deviad Denice
Devia 3

H H
3.to 3t4 3to
is aulnooledged.
Deric 2 genenates ntenupt and
Llncden semda.

L
t e r m u r t Aeicuny odomad
is
C)Dex genenats Aus pernded.

he 10101 1re to1e1 1to

itkuuuon
a) Deuice 1seicing CemrletedReT
device. o eumes
Cxeute, Seung
Under seNuiCe.

deuia. Conltnd andl RET exeeuteol

(e) Semicung
H H
uakm
LEO eL Te
Eah unt has JEL in ( n t e u t
H- HLEgh
enabli arinut) andl an dEÓ (Intemupt L-La

enable euthut ) beth uns a

me hgn un
an

3he t i t Je1 s aloays set high

and
hor anydeuca
hugh emly hen inteut is et preerl
leO is
1¬E I b hgh,
1E0 As low, o n dwia
yeanueslng ame.

deias neqmg any emice but lei nin is low

eencn
 nen thoe ute.s UNe het Sewi
he abene duagva m llwtals vameu deMCos ernad
Senmdco
and he
mDtuAy
Dusy chain
chain intemt t ctne
the dewwce pmoriy
louded awding
dutubald ystem o t b
6.@xplain Hievachual yslim and
heat Celdh
Level5
pervuo Conlbe

MiCn
COmuul lmel 4
C p e r i s o i Communitalen

MiC
uval3
Seauenue conbol

MACMO
Conpuulus
onel 2,
Direet Digitalclo|
Mim deicos
Connl
>lemell
MOO Cent
owualon
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ACrO
Consuuler

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Communu

DDCeenali
meaunmed,
lArle anwnneu d
he a
dusti bilkd annana
Conmn
catuon t e
ane a
nMO
1 a CoMmON
Aunked logelthes
eane
which an

Cew s and ae Ceniqud

O a l C o m m u n i l a l u o n s
hughudng

5 brad chism Cahons

 11
nl11 A l Loepulations and Mant tetaulng amocialad
ANel Providy
L meauenLent a.nd aiatuon. Jhis the whote
d a l a b a s t hs
ailuahen
Met and
yatm
AA A Dbc CaluulalionsCaludoliens
wel 3 Al ecqpuonu
Pne4 Onnalor comnmunutAen

Conuol
Aeel5 Sureisory
ConmunucALONs hwilh olher
nel 6
Amutt and

1explaun muth n neat diagram aalog

analo9

Analon outpud ystirv c e n n e l k

to diglal
ane and quailisahen
nuamuenmunbs

he amalog
Alunns Sounnrln
e a n m e m e n t o
an d

Sannle and
held unit s
Plant nesd fto prenanl
M
chonntelt a chan

Multiplexet
Lty

Sanple/holdd
Smple
b e n g Conveled
held
h a l e
do dis c e l i

dyslanny Analog to Covet

lo enuate a a l
Cbnnen
n u t Anleifad
CenveMan Data Cemjulea

antAknmale|
CPU
mgal tyrdadly
Analon Inpt systawn. a shot pulse.
and in r e o r
A DC Awtches

oAT7HEYAE YT
 I2
MC Sanupl hold Anto S p l e fer a hmort period altu

Manduoatuen begu naunes a nead

On omslithon d) the ton veaien ADC
kult pollesd by lomrle
LenleteAuie ohih in
AMocd to qenenat nteuut
to motth
the n e
Mutuplexen d lecd
u e
ateaAnput lnes to M nalognquut
as exu.
cNanile A p for Lah a nttiNlexer t o e d As
AA
atod

the
nwutti lexer
level 0b 10v)
F o highA o l i d s l a t e d u n a
YANMak qam
g an
vammabu

mgnals,
thu p and sample
lenel
Tox Aow nwd blw
wx

Ab
anlwr ihan
held unit mler
Lonnemem s provwda
Ao analo p e mble
- Dislal and t o
Analog t o dugtat
eash eulrul
One
Connetr ho
Plan

DAC
DAC
DAC Aeled
Lle-Jata
Rselue

nalog

I / Iuhaan
siylem
O u c t r u

cPU_ b u and
d a t a bus aud

to th data
Selete
- tadh PAC channel i s aeleted by Mittug the
ad
a dd
A we
rs bus
s bus
auomctu
empuile
Com ler
addnvs en
channelL
and helds khe prouios
a
latdh
The DAc anlo ap
vaue u set
r u l Aa nexrt
vane ARnt Ao t
 13
and mentuo
S1ExMain Surevisory Contiel win Cun exanpe.

the heane f MCI

Jlerhau),
tealuue a C (Munman Coneputu cempuler enlo acemnrudu conliel

odauen h a oos the

theplant
plan
key to Succentul ailitiis
pnewided
pAeuidod

Schene o t n the
ate
et
the
unomatuon oh amailable
a
and
h e nelemant
amaulabla

ALC lbe neadnly t e p lant

erenalmon
heuld
a n t e s a i u o n w t
the plant
o enabl
ltes alo Conpanues hanle

hewll be prnicded nment

coeniol o t h pneaenlLThon|

vo e
he
dmaey
leoyr
ud ixlnmmeAmenme

A m o m a l l o n

has
raally demdemgned

n a n

tynial u n l o v
lalonsA
duoplay
wno
a
he uonloys
diorlays duonoy oo
S
S ee
e
oumnal or
e pu
eaallo
or
Koyoands and enable
enable
hn
T we
to
prowided
e a e l y

the Mat
2he panh 4
Contiel t
h hu
e
Conliol contiol
eid w dinduy
DOuide M ansgens
Manage
not en powide
an
t an t hthe
e aus
sulus
Cemndts
but a l o
the lanl, ictuh

icw 6
Opunauem h a
lopuehenaine

el
ntk
nneNA
nd
on h u l a n t
Ond/or S u w m
umM
MLen e
Vania bl

proca
Proce o
 14

MATeMAJ:
D gteam
Steam
Crndenved.
PreMuAA
Tya vducow
MAT

ecivnuz
vaporalod
Steam

Concentntnd

Produt maliia.
m
Panalle
Conneled

eNapovilas aMe un
eah
M ted dw
mliauid o m murh
aA
as Muuh
h wo
is t evaporalo
t u evapoy alor
he plät S
spelluu
luuo
omn
hpunpee
as
pemble
am
the
chanaEn
exc hangen
Luiked
unked to he
to he
a
saleY
heat ex the Seiond

Steam
muppied
the
leam 4o
Meam
4 ds
and benlid
eMapor
ats he apouns
rt unheduom

o
evaporaoi
h e tuistlbaei t h e pA mues
uom MakInuun eNapOraluon
e
nmmb
s
as a
afe
e
lo ahiene
tt be as high
hhgh
nus evapomalo
Ahe Cha
mbem
a n n e m e . n
balame
balanue blw he
neuwnay w h
he
e onenalum
onenauon hh u
-9t balanee
to enenal evapoatuon
evaperanon
- st
et a n bedem oblam
the b e t enenal
the best
to
Cvapenalors
thannts
nlile thaastas
lade
Fate the leady
baacel uon
ae
Sapwoy
h 1helant
 5
Exnlainthe bagid. lenuNt Anuil Mehanism ith diarmn
nedtoned 9wtenunta
And dtsnibt. handuuan

nahniluon
1elhDerqd

Coct
nobum
Conpleta

Yes
N IRA
Aerve

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nlennnAT
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huts t h IRO rne

eah Amatundyen CPO
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t net a m e ,
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ard cye nenea Lunts IRQ
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enabled and disabled
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a
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n
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ainal
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be -tuaned 5hby by
ood Ao Provca aiun
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mo

a l ee
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one
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to
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helhal
is Da
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hnengh
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he
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ignal
a
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mtapling duice
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dewces uril t
C o n t h u v

Techniaues DDC.
DDC et meu aul imutad to imple heudbaak
Centiel
Jhe qennal Minuln o heedooak loluol
ss gwen bela
piMuances.
Proces8
Meapnned
MaupulaA
etls
yauable UnmeaUk edpals

Cemliolles

Stpons-
teuhyuauon
(a) Inkeuordual tenkot ariables
e
t» Leniot ytem , whone e. meaAe
9t asanluad ceuellu i la baasdl Cannet

c h heedak ko be. nemd uow

hame
dajully bol

distillat
Ceun Contko
Ceuwn Cowtkol
A
y at u l l y used
el
Schennat diagan pina n dutlaluen
 Dnalbanes

Manjullud
vaables rocers Meawmed varualos

Unmeamdi Mianue e e d to eslmale

etu contoll,
vauable) Cotuold mMa med
avably

Conlolleraf Etumalor

lnatis 4.
oulps (cetnelld vauabls
unmaMMQ
Setponla

contiel
C) Feedl Jonoand protars
nduudms.
sed am thu m
u s huimeilly
1he Ay an
usanues
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the o
tAmvomes
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h a n m0Andrg
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contno
adaptuve
Dhe poaa mmdadaftime Cenliel
Ci) Sel un eente. adatuue lonlel
(n)Mod
Conhol
CD Pepmgvanumed adajtie
Methanum makes preset
The adytine
The ae ndhslmont
am aurille proas
ehang es e th aus changes
meaiAennent
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mehanmsm naualus

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adyhtMnh adhsdmunt (chang
ANNremMe
Mehanm

SetponK

Cenwtrell
Cetolly

ud adajtune Lentuel o exnal enronmas

 11
acto otahiuzeu Conliel pauamelus
9n an amua MA
be changed aovdung to exunal our p r e u

Ci1) Sell tunng adaptt cotuol

onnneler

adinstewt
PaAanitar
eumalov

S eptoent

Cevtolluv Prodes Conlal

Vakiable ctut

aes iduufilahen Aelhniqus lo auene teiunudl

ddununalton tarannulii the proCas beng
Conletle
changes am t e pvoces pananlis ase wed t a d u t
heaukaal tehotan
An alleraade m i to iyet a small dst ubance
T h o c e and e a n e s he reanona hen
veeno m leapanee eme dened maponaa
teniellu panametis ae adTd Ho bing
repenge dea h dossred eopene

Ci) Mel Rekeunu adaplumt Lonbol

S t elis on thw a b l Conaliat an
auaale medel th noces and

Astuban
 Dtuubantes

ehAtue

adastom
Aeehahm
Duslutbanuus

o
Contrell Condal
set

he end