7/6/2015

Internet

M.A.P.Chamikara (SME)
Lecturer,
Department of Statistics and Computer Science,
University of Peradeniya.

What is the Internet ?

• Interconnection of all the LANs, MANs, and
WANs in the world.
• A collection of interconnected computer
networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic
cables, telephone wires, wireless connections
etc
• Consists of millions of smaller domestic,
academic, business, and government
networks, which together carry various
information and services.
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Services Provide by the Internet

• World Wide Web
• Searching
• E-Mails
• File Sharing
• E-Commerce
• Chatting
• Streaming Media (Audio and Video)
• Online Education
• And many more….

World Wide Web

• World Wide Web – is the collection of all the web sites
• Web Site – a collection of related web pages
• Basically Web Page is a file (HTML/HTM file) containing
o information about a particular field/area in the forms of:
• Text (Characters)
• Graphics
• Animation
• Audio/Video clip
o links to other related web pages or files called hyperlinks.

• Is written using a language called HTML

• Can be viewed using a Browser s/w like MS Internet
Explorer.

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How to request a
web page? Web
In the US Server
web
page

Request
Web Browser Response

requested web page

Internet
Request

Client
Response

requested web page

In Sri Lanka 5

Obtaining the Connection The Internet

If a stand-alone PC has
access to a modem and a
phone line, it can connect
Global ISP
directly to the Internet or
via an Internet Service Local ISP
Regional
Provider (ISP). Telephone line ISP

Modem

Remote Server (Gateway)

Home
Machine

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How to request a web page?

• Web server (yahoo,google,pdn, etc) contains the
web pages.
• Users have to request the web pages from a web
server by using the web browser.
• When a request comes to a web server, it will find
the corresponding web page stored in it’s hard disk,
and send it to the client machine.
• The browser s/w in the client machine can view the
corresponding web page to the user.

How to request a web

page ?
• Each web page has to be requested using a
particular web address called URL (Uniform
Resource Locator).
• Syntax of URL :
http://www.server_name/file_name
HTTP protocol
Domain Name
• Ex: http://www.pdn.ac.lk/index.html

• The URL should be entered in the address bar of the

Web Browser.

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Searching…
• To search the web sites containing specific details.
• A software called Search Engines can be used.
• Widely used search engines;
o Google – www.google.com/ www.google.lk
o Yahoo – www.yahoo.com
o Altavista – www.altavista.com
o Bing – www.bing.com

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E-Mails
• E-Mail or Electronic mail, is a method of composing,
sending, storing, and receiving messages over the
Internet.
• To create and send an email the sender should
have an e-mail program.
• The receiver should have a valid email
account (represented by an email address)
on an email server and an e-mail program.
• An e-mail address is created by adding a user
name to the e-mail server's domain name.
o username@email_server_name
Ex: john@yahoo.com
User name E-mail server Name
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How does E-mail work ?

yahoo.com
Sending an Email Email Server
In the US
User 1: types the email and
sends it to the address
“john@yahoo.com” Email is saved
under the mail box
or account of “john”
E-mail Program/Client

E-mail

Email is sent to
the “john@yahoo.com” Internet

User 1
in Sri Lanka 13

Viewing (Receiving) an Email

• User 2 : has to login to his account at the e-mail
server and request the E-mail using an e-mail client
program.Then the email-server sends the
corresponding email to the user 2.

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Web Sites providing Email

• Usually every email server has a website
providing email facility.
• Not necessary to use an E-mail client
program.
• Using these web sites users can create email
accounts, send emails and view and
manage their mail boxes.
• Ex:
o www.mail.yahoo.com
o www.mail.google.com
o www.hotmail.com

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Types of Email Services

• Organization specific: Ex. Peradeniya University
Email Service: user@pdn.ac.lk,
• Free Email Services: Ex. Yahoo, Google,
Hotmail
• Paid Email Services: provides more facilities
than free services like higher security, larger
mail box etc. Ex: SLT, Yahoo, ISP, Eureka

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File Sharing
• Can share - office documents, publications,
software products and etc
• Files can be shared in the Internet in one the
following ways
o The file can be uploaded to a web site or a file server, so that others can
download it.
o Can be sent as an attachment with an e-mail message.

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Uploading and Downloading…

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List of File Sharing Websites

• http://www.4shared.com
• http://www.mediafire.com
• http://www.transferbigfiles.com

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E-Commerce (Electronic Commerce )

• The buying and selling of goods and services
electronically via the Internet – Online
Shopping.
• Providing an easy and secure way for
customers to order and buy
• Allow online payments or electronic cash
exchange using Credit Cards.
• There are many web sites providing this service.
o www.amazon.com
o www.ebay.com
o www.kapruka.com

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E-Banking (Electronic Banking)

• Online Banking
• Allow electronic money transferring and
online management of accounts
• Local Banks
o Sampath Bank
• www.sampath.lk
o Bank of Ceylon
• www.boc.lk

• International Banks
o HSBC
• http://www.hsbc.com/
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Chatting
• service that allows
users to communicate
in real time by typing
text in a special
window
• Ex:
o Yahoo messenger
o Google talk

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Chatting…
• Not only text but also audio and video
communications are available.

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Online News Papers/Magazines

• Online Newspapers.
o www.onlinenewspapers.com
o www.lakbima.lk
o www.lankadeepa.lk
o www.dailynews.lk
o www.virakesari.lk
• Online Magazines
o www.lmd.lk/ – for Sri Lanka business news
o www.autolanka.com – online automobile
magazine
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Streaming Audio/Video
• Audio
o Online Radio
• www.yesfmonline.com
• www.sirasa.com
• Video
o Online TV
• www.swarnavahini.lk
• www.derana.lk
• http://www.rupavahini.lk/
o News Bulletins o Video clips Movie clips
• www.bbc.com • www.youtube.com
• www.cnn.com o Sports Highlights
• http://espn.go.com/video/

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Streaming Video…
• Online Video Conferencing
o Online Classrooms, Online Medicine, Online Meetings

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Online Education
• Online Lecture Notes as in web pages and
other files (.pps, .pdf, .doc, …)
o http://cdcebba.pdn.ac.lk/

• Online Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org

• Online Degrees and Courses – conducted by
many universities around the world
o http://cdcebba.pdn.ac.lk/

• Online Examinations.
o Ex: MS Certificate Examination, Oracle Certificate
Examination, Computer Based TOEFL, CIMA
Certificate Level, …

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Mail Merge

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What is Mail Merge?

• Mail Merge is the term given to the process where
we start with a main document, and a set of details
(the data source) about customers, suppliers,
members etc.

• We “merge” the two together to produce a set of

documents individualized for each customer,
supplier etc.

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• This process is more efficient than

individualizing each document with details,
one at a time.

• Another advantage is that the data source

can be used repeatedly for various
documents.

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Parts of a Mail Merge

• Main document
• Data source
• Header source (optional)
• Results

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Create the Main Document

• The first requirement of a Mail Merge is a main
document. The main document consists of the
general information that will go to all recipients.

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Types of Main Documents

• Form letters

• Mailing labels

• Envelopes

• Catalog

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The Data Source

• Contains the text and graphics that vary for
each merged document
• Contains records and fields
• Requirements:
o Records in the data source must contain the
same number of fields as the header row
o The header row must be the first row or
paragraph (if a separate header source is not
used)
o Field data must be entered exactly as you want
it to be printed

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Types of Data Sources

• Word document
• Excel spreadsheet
• Databases
o Microsoft Access
o dBASE
o Microsoft® FoxPro®
o Others
• Address books
• Text files

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Header Source (optional)

• Consists of a row of field names
• Used in addition to a data source
• Identifies the fields of data in the data source
For example, if you can't add or edit a header
record in the data source (because the data
source is read-only), you can use a separate
header source that contains the field names you
want to use.

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Using the Mail Merge

Wizard
• Select the "mailings" tab.
• Click the bottom part of the "start mail merge" icon
and a drop down now will appear.
• Go to the "Step by step mail merge wizard" and the
wizard will open on the right side of the screen.

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Open the Step – by – Step

mail merge wizard

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As we are going to make

labels,
1
we want to

(1) choose letters in the "Select

Document Type" section of the
wizard. Down at the bottom,
notice that we are on step 1 of
6.

(2) Click "Next: Starting 2

Document."
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• In step 2, you'll need

to select your starting
document.
• (3) Choose “Use the 3
current document.“

• (4) Next, select

recipients

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• In step 3, you'll need

to select recipients
• (5) Choose “Type a
new list“
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• (6) Click “Create” to
create a data source.
The New Address List 6
dialog box appears

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• To Customize the New Address List:

• Click Customize in the dialog box. The Customize

Address List dialog box appears.
• Select any field you do not need and click Delete.
• Click Yes to confirm that you wish to delete the
field.
• Continue to delete any unnecessary fields.
• Click Add. The Add Field dialog box appears.
• Enter the new field name.
• Click OK.
• Continue to add any fields necessary.
• Click OK to close the Customize Address List dialog
box.
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• Enter the necessary data in the New Address

List dialog box.
• Click New Entry to enter another record.
• Click Close when you have entered all your
data records.
• Enter the file name you wish to save the data
list as.
• Choose the location you wish to save the file.
• Click Save. The Mail Merge Recipients dialog
box appears and displays all the data records
in the list.
• Confirm the data list is correct and click OK.
• Click Next: Write your letter to move to Step 4.
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• Write a letter in the current

Word document, or use an
open, existing document.

• To Insert Recipient Data

from the List:

• Place the insertion point in

the document where you
wish the information to
appear.

• Select Address block,

Greeting line, or Electronic
postage from the task
pane. A dialog box with
options will appear based
on your selection.

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• Click Next: Preview

your letters in the
task pane once you
have completed
your letter.
• Preview the letters
to make sure the
information from the
data record
appears correctly in
the letter.

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• Click Next:
Complete the
merge.

• Click Print to print

the letters.

• Click All.

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Using the Mail Merge

Task Pane
• The Mail Merge task pane walks you through the following six
steps for merging documents:
o Select the type of document you want to use as the main
document
o Select the document you want to use as the main document.
You can create a new document or edit an existing one
o Select the list of recipients (that is, the data source) you want
to use for the merge or create a new list of recipients
o Complete the main document by adding merge fields
o Preview the merged document
o Complete the mail merge
• Click the Mailings tab, then in the Start Mail Merge group, click
the Start Mail Merge button, and then click Step by Step Mail
Merge Wizard

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Step 1: Start the mail merge

You may be familiar
with starting the Step
by Step Mail Merge
Wizard by clicking the
Start Mail Merge
command.

Using that same command you can also go directly to

the type of document you want to use in the mail merge.

To start a mail merge, click the Mailings tab and the

Start Mail Merge command. Then choose the type of
document you want to use in the mail merge.

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Step 2: Select the recipients

Next you connect to
your recipient list by
clicking Select
Recipients. You can
type a new recipient
list, browse to select
an existing list, or
select your Outlook
Contacts.
When you browse to an existing list, Word will first look in the
folder, My Data Sources, a convenient place to keep your recipient
list because it opens first.

When you select the file you want to use for your recipient list and
click OK, you’ve connected your document to the list.

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Step 3: Insert fields

You’ve probably
written the text that
will be the same in
every copy of your
merge document, so
this step is where you
can add the Address
Block or Greeting Line
fields.

Or, click Insert Merge Field to add any other information from
your recipient list that you want.

The picture shows an example of the Address Block field in the

Write & Insert Fields group.

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Step 4: Preview the merged document

After you’re through
writing your
document and
inserting fields, click
Preview Results to see
an example of a
merged document.

You can look at each additional merged document by

clicking the Next Record or Previous Record arrows.

Looking for a specific person? Just click Find Recipient

and enter the recipient’s name.

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Step 5: Edit individual documents

Your merge is ready,
but you have the
option to review some
or all of the merged
documents.

Clicking Finish & Merge and then clicking Edit Individual

Documents creates a separate comprehensive document that
includes every recipient in the merge.

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Step 5: Edit individual documents

Your merge is ready,
but you have the
option to review some
or all of the merged
documents.

Here’s where you can take a final look at each merged

document—just scroll through the set of finished documents to
review and modify them.

After you’re done, you can print the finished documents

immediately.

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Step 6: Print the merged documents

Perhaps you skipped
the option to edit
individual documents
and are ready to print
all the merged
documents.

Simply click Print Documents from the Finish & Merge

command. The Merge to Printer dialog box opens,
where you can choose to print all the merged
documents or just specific ones.

If you are distributing your mail merge documents

electronically, use Send E-mail Messages instead.
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Step 7: Save the documents

If you plan to use the main
document again for
another mail merge, it’s a
good idea to save it.

Saving the main document means that you will keep the
connection to the recipient list. When you open the document
again, you will be asked if you want to connect to the same list.

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Step 7: Save the documents

Here’s how.

1 Click the Microsoft Office Button.

2 On the menu, click Save. Then choose a location and name

for the file and click Save again.

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Thank You

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