13

:
*" $ * . ! " #" $ % % &' ( #" $
. 0 C(O, R ) " % R - .! ( O + " . /! , - .! "$% ( +
9 (: " % ( ; 8 % 7 45 /16 + . %23 % 10," + 1# (
( *"( 4*5 /16 *'>? 9* @+* %23 < ( % <8 " &' ( ,= .
. !" <8 % 7
:
( *C/ 1D' ( " % <, ( ; . ,A" B % (% " % B ( A (
E
* '( * ( * ( * #H I % ) . 1 % F :,D ? E%+"
A B (. " " 1D' ( !"
F AEB = AFB
:
*" " . /*! * *, +* *( !" - .! &K ( + LM% (
1 (% "(% + ( 1 % + ( ,B 1 % '
. /! # 3 B %
:
A B * +* * *?( . * 9 ( :N" % <, + 1# ( 8%7
. ?( ; #3%+" /! , ' %2A"
:

A + 8( 45 % ?( ,B 1 ( ?( ?( " /16 ' % : ,P'

H < ( " % + 8. /16 ?( " 9 ( ?( < ( " %
D E
O .Q .H " ( /16 ?( " 9 ( ?( ,B 1
B
AE = EB
AH = HB
# ! " 8 C(O,5) :
3 (4 5 (3 2 2 (2 4 (1
4 H4 :$%
A B
AB
BH = =4
O 2
OB 2 BH 2 = OH 2 OH = 3 = R
.Q .H " ( " " : " ( D ?( ( ,B 1 % : ,P'
D
C AB = CD AB = CD
o

B
A
 14

:. / 0 . + , CD AB ' () * &$ :
. X, %/ 1 (4 DB̂C = AD̂B (3 MD = MB (2 AD = BC (1
:$%
:: %
C A AB = CD AB = CD

M AD + DB = DB + BC AD = BC (1 +3)
B D
( ACD * ( %/ ;,1 . " " : " 2H ! " AC 1 " (% ( ADC ( ABC (
:Q7 . " " : " ADM , MBC Y Z 2H " " : " BAC
AB̂D = CD̂B
(2 +3) MD = MB DB̂C = AD̂B (3 F GC)
AB̂C = CD̂A
B B
AB = A B OH = OH :Q .H " ( " + (D ?( % : ,P'
H
H
A O
A
:Q .H " ( # + + " #3%+" " " ?( ( % : ,P'
L
d L>L d >d
d
L

:
& *K ( *" % 1 . /! , ( !" ?( ( [ N. K ( (% [ M% (
A . ( " (% "(% 1 &' ( ( 98 % ( ( (

ˆ = BC
BAC : (% "(% 1 45 " " ( : ,P'
B 2
C

ABC 95: .685 " 5 6 7*2 BC ' 4 D 3(2 & . () D A 1 (2 *) :

: ;

A . ( +H :\ ' (2 . ;,' DH ( D# (1

B
. ->K] ( D# (4 . ;,' DH ( D# ( +H :\ ' (3

D :$%
C
. ( D 2H (D 1 ( " (% "(% Ĉ ( B̂ (
54 682 34 9: ':+ A " 6 "1@ R 682 $< =>+? *) 9: :
# ! " R D*% 9: 0 8@ 0 );" . )B C
2 3 R (4 2 2R (3 3 R (2 2R (1
:$%
*#'( *" ^/*" <,* 9' I . " [ - ?% I ' 1 "YZ C
2H . /! &' ( + (% A _%/ ; % ,3 % ' ' Y Z LM%
60 . 3R <, ; #1 Q7 . /" /8 - .! " " Y Z & K
 15

ABM 95: . 5 5" '34 M 3(2 BC ':+ ) ACD 9: 38@ ABCD >+? & ) :
# 2 JK
( +H :\ ' (4 ->K] ( D# (3 ;,' DH ( D# (2 ACD " 0# (1

:$%
A B
ˆ =D
M ˆ = AC
2 ˆ = Bˆ .
M 084 *N *) 9: LM
D C ˆ
D=Bˆ

2 ' () M 3(2 BC ':+ OP ;= A & :< & *;82 . Ĉ = 60 B̂ = 50 6 ABC 9: :

# Q K MBC &
40 (4 35 (3 30 (2 25 (1
. b 73 +3 :$%
A
. * 45 % BC 1 A ( D1, .:, : % % ABC Y Z ,
35 35

C 60 50 B
*( * :, %/8 " Q7 45 % BC 1 : BC & K 45 /16
. % % *' ABC Y* Z * , * (% (M * ) BC & *K 45 /16 ( A

M
. [" 1 45 " " MBC ( ; " "
MC ˆ = 35°
MBC = = CAM
2
C D .Q .H " ( " ": " / ?( ( ;," %/5 1 % : ,P'
A B
AB || CD BD = AC

# R8@/ GC ! " 9: 0 . AC || BD C . Â + Ĉ = 150° :682 ABC 9: :

. ( +H :\ ' Y Z ; (2 . !" ->K] ( D# Y Z ; (1
. ->K] 4 #c Y Z ; (4 . ;,' DH ( D# Y Z ; (3
:$%

A C ˆ = Bˆ
C CD = AB
2
1 ˆ C ˆ = BD = 90° ˆ = 120°
ˆ CDB CD + BD A A ˆ = 30°
D A= 2 =
B 2 2 B ;,' DH ( D# Y Z
1
O 2
ˆ ˆ Ĉ = 30°
A + C = 150°
AB CD
Ĉ = =
2 2
:
. /! , d ( L1 "@ A &K( & ' % [. K (% [ M% (
. (% "(% 1 45 " " " d ( : ,P'
A
C
ˆ = AB
BAC
2

B
 16

! 5" BĈT 5 & & 2 . AC = 140 ° C 3(2 S ; CT AB = AC $ :

A #
20° (4 40° (3 60° (2 80° (1
:$%
B C ˆ = 80° = 40°
AB = AC AB = AC = 140° BC = 80° BCT
2
T
:
&K # ( &K " 1 ( -/1e 45 " " /! e % ?( ( %/8 " (
A B . ( (

M ˆ = AB + A B
AMB
2
B A
# Q KC & B̂ = 35° Â = 65° G" O $ ( $ :
T 63(4 62(3 61(2 60(1
A :$%
O
C TB
B Â = = 65° TB = 130° BD = 180° 130° = 50°
2 AT + DB 50° + 70°
Ĉ = = = 60°
D AT 2 2
B̂ = = 35° AT = 70°
2
# Q K B̂ + D̂ & 2 . BC = 50° EF ;" M &$ :
E
B 160 (1
175 (2
M
C D 180 (3
230 (4
F
:$%
CF + FM
B̂ =
2
ˆ = BC + BE + FM
D ˆ = CF + FM + BC + BE + FM = CF + FM + BC + BE + EM = 360° = 180°
Bˆ + D
2 2 2 2
FM = EM

:
1 9K ? 45 g % ' " " 7 ?( ( # %/8 " (
. ( ( ->K "
. & ' % A M % (C) BB ( AA ?( #
B B
M
ˆ = AB A B
AMB
2
A A
 17

:: % /! 9 i? L 1 L 1 ( " ?( ( 3 h8 HI%
T
TET T FT
E F M TM̂T =
2

T
# ! " y x ;" & 2 $ ( $ :
80° - 70° (4 60° - 100° (3 50° - 100° (2 10° - 80° (1

B D :$%
x+y
x 80 y 20 A 80 ° = x + y = 160 °
2
E x = 100 ° y = 60 °
C x y
20 ° = x y = 40 °
2
# ! " 2 x 3y $ :
P
80° (1

x y 100° (2
60 A
120° (3
Q 140° (4
. b 73 +3 :$%
x + y = 360 °

x y 2x = 480 ° x = 240 ° y = 120 °

= 60 ° x y = 120 °
2
:Q7
2x 3y = 480 ° 360 ° = 120 °
5KC 5 & Q 222 DMB ;" C . 2 & AB AC S ; $ ( $ :
A # Q
B C
D
:$%
M
ˆ
B̂ = C AD = 2C
A
BAD = 360° 222° = 138°
B
D C AB AD 138° 2C 2C
Ĉ = = = 69° 2C
2 2
M ˆ = 69° ˆ = 23°
3C C
: !"
% ^* * % . K C ! " #! % ' (% . K C LM% 1 3
B
.
C
A
. ! " 180° 9" ( -/1e ; !" . K% NC " (F ]^ !
. , + 1 1 % . K% NC ->K 45 /16
D . ;,' DH ( D# (k ( 9, #D &" : #
 18

1 5(2 EF 5 5" 2 C 68 " 6 MB MA A & EF ;" M 3(2 & :

: ; ABCD :+ UK . " '34 D, C
. (4 . , (3 . (k (2 . /H (1
M
D 1 :$%
E F
2 C MF + FB
 =
2 Â = Ĉ1
EM + FB
Ĉ1 =
A B 2
Ĉ1 + Ĉ2 = 180° Â + Ĉ2 = 180°
. . K% NC
............... ; V @ :+ UK A Q < & & *;82 ' ( & $/ % :+ UK :
. . K% NC (2 . (k (1
.F l, (4 . , . K% NC (3
:$%
M
A M̂ + P̂ = 180° Â1 D̂1 + 180° B̂1 Ĉ1 = 360 ( Â1 + B̂1 + Ĉ1 + D̂1 )
N 1
1 m% *8 * ( *D1, * ( ; /C . 360° n .Kn m% 8 ( -/1e
D
B :Q7 #D
1
360 °
1 A 1 + B 1 + C1 + D 1 = = 180 ° M + P = 360 ° 180 ° = 180 °
P 2
C Q
. . K% NC 2H

:# $% & '

S R2 : " " " R - .! " ID

A B : " o,? ? ; "( % oDI ") ( " - ' ID
S 2 R2 R2 1 2
O S= S = R ( Sin )
S 2 2
R " " " r/ - ' % AB L/' p/ ;, q1 2 R " " " R - .! " <,
; *#1 * "$ ID " 9 ! 1 ;," ( . % % I D ; ?[," " $ <, "X D 9 ! 1 ;," : #
. % % <,
# *8K < ;*4 %* . AÔB = 90° G" O $ ( $ :
A B 1 2 3 2
R (2 R (1
2 4
O
R2 3 2 R2 R2
R (4 (3
3 4 4 2
:$%
R2 R2 R2 R2
= (rad) S= ( sin ) = ( 1) =
2 2 2 2 4 2
 19

( *) )# ! " < WX %* :
O• •O
16 3 (2 16 3 (1
4 3

•
O 8 2 3 (4 8 3 (3
4 4
:$%
1
4 O n/ I D = oo o Y Z ID 3× × ( ID
O 6
. !" a = 2R = 8 & K p/ ( ->K] ( D# oo o Y Z

O 64 × 3 1
S= × × 16 = 16 3
4 2 2

:() $*& # +
: !"+ : /? 98 # ( h8 H I % . ! " (% L 1 ( 98 # t% c# ( ," L 1 & # /? (
: ( ," L 1 ( -2 :(: ( ,") t% c# ( -1
d
O R d
d=R+R R d>R+R
R O O
R O

: (% L 1 ( -4 :& # ( -3
dR
O
d
O d= R R R R <d<R+R
R O R
R O

:(98 # ( h8 H I) + : ( -6 :(: (% ) 98 # ( -5
d =0 R d< R R
R R O d
O
O
R

# 2 6 7*2 + K OO = 7 Y " C(O , 3) C(O,5) :

. (% L 1 (4 . m% c# (3 . . # (2 . 8 # (1
. X, 2 +3 :$%
R R < OO = d < R + R
. # (
2< 7<8
# ! " S; Y " G" . 2G" 6 2 1 :
3 3 1
2( - .! " ( (2 ( - .! " ( (1
2 2 2
1 3
- .! " (4 - .! " (3
2 2
 20

. X, 1 +3 :$%
. t% 8 L 1 # C/ " ( 98 L 1 #3%+" "u # p( HI%
* - .*! L * *" *A % " ( #3%+" - .! L "%" %u # - .! 2H
x ::, % ' " " % _% i6 ( ( :, D / " # C/
R2 R1 R1 + R 2 3
R R2 X = X R1 X= =
2 2
X - .! ( + 1 " D u # ( + "$+ /C 2H
. 98 L 1 ( "u # F( HI%
* - .*! L * *" *A % " ( #3%+" - .! L "%" %u # - .! 2H
R2 ::, % ' " " % _% i6 ( ( :, D / " # C/
xR R1
R2 R1 1
R2 X = X + R1 X= =
2 2
:# , ./ ) - ,
A C /16 OM " ; ? C/ %23 ?( % 1! " 98 % M v( :( ! -1
M
B . ' %23 M (O ; ?E%+" ;, q1 . M :1, , ?( % (
O
AB = :1, , ?( CD = :1 + ?(
D
R
& [C 6; G" & 2 6;8 8 & 2 7*2 . 4 C(O, R ) G" & :/ B A 3(2 :
2
# ! " A 3(2
2 3 2
(4 (3 (2 1 (1
2 2 3
:$%
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O R2
P Q MN = 2 R2 =R 3 MN 3
A 4 =
PQ 2
N PQ = 2R
' " " ( ," ; #0," :# 45 3 -2
. !" r/ ' A B %/ " ^/" ; #1 ( %23 ( ," % B %/ #
L= + B %/
R O M
L+R = ^ M ; #0,"
L L R = ^ M ; #1
M 3(2 :/ B C . 6 MB MA S ; % 4 \ < '4 M 3(2 & :
# (K AB & G" :/ B 4( 2 1) 1 (2 0 ) G2
A :$%
4( 2 1)
4
MO = 4 2 4 + 4 = 4 2
• • M
O H : ( +H :\ ' Y Z h /8 " m/? "

B 42 4
OA 2 = OH × OM 42 = OH × 4 2 OH = = =2 2
4 2 2
 21

5 5 Y 5 A5 " ; 34 0 )C G & 2 . 2 2 S; % 12 9 :
# ! " AK " (S ; 3(2) Y J _G
8 (4 12(3 8 (2 9 (1
:$%
T
A AO :1 + . #3%+" AT ! " #3%+" AO C Q7 AT2 = AO 2 R 2 /C
A C : ,A" % ' O (% A
B O %23 ' #

AT2 = 152 92 = 122 AT = 12

:* % BB ( AA /cH ?( ( (C ) 98 % &' ( M : 7) 8/ ' , -3
B
A A :: % _%/ ; % . !
M
MA.MA = MB.MB
B

A * % *NC 3 MA.MA = MB.MB : & ' % A %/ M % BB ( AA <8 % 7 ( 3 (

E B . (% B ( B A
A M A : D" % ?( ; # ?/ MF ( ME 3 : #
F
O
. ME 2 = MF2 = MA.MA = MB.MB
B t% *8 M * % % A * (C) * BB ( AA ?( # 3 " % ;,1 "0
A : ! :, /8 & '
A
M
MA.MA = MB.MB
B
B
5 5 5 7*2 PAB ' 4 . % 8 Pa , 3(2 % 5 & 3(2 0 A G2 :
B # (K AB & 2 . PA AB = 2 " 6
A
• P

:$%
PC = 8
B A PD = 10 + 8 = 18
D • • P PA(PA + AB) = 8 × 18
O C
(AB + 2)(AB + 2 + AB) = 8 × 18
PA AB = 2 PA = AB + 2
2(AB + 2)(AB + 1) = 8 × 18 (AB + 2)(AB + 1) = 8 × 9 AB + 1 = 8 AB = 7
6 7*2 PAB ' 4 3(2 0 & . A 1 (2 0 P 3(2 :/ B :

B # K PA & 2 Q 60 AB ;" C .
A
• •P

:$%
PD = 3R PC = R
BR A PA × PB = PC × PD PA × (PA + R) = R × (3R)
R 60
D• • R• •P (PA) 2 + R(PA) 3R 2 = 0
R R C

R ± R 2 + 12R 2 1 ± 13 13 1
PA = = R PA =
2 2 2
 22

T
;,*" %/5 . ' :, : % " iD & ' (L1 3 : ,P'
M
.Q .H " ( & ' . ' ( ;," ( L 1 <8 L 1? (
A
MT 2 = MA.MA
A

# ! " 2x y $ ( $ :
x 2 y
4 :$%
10 6
:: % % H/ <" (% " m/? "
62 = y × (y + 4 + x)
y × (y + 9) = 36 = 3 × 12 y=3 2x y = 7
2 × 10 = 4 × x x = 5
# % Kx & 2 $ ( $ :
:$%
36
x 6 6 2 = 4 (4 + y) 4+ y = =9 y=5
y 4
3 4
x 2 = 3 (3 + y) = 3 × 8 x=2 6

5 1 5@ $ 4 (2& e 0 C . a , % 5 f A & 2 12 8 =4 (2& e :

# ! " 6 Y 38@ f 4> 3(2 & " S ; 34
:$%
O

:: % OCD ( OAB Y Z " 0? . ;,' DH ( D# x 1#I (k

• 8 •
5 A B T
AB OA 8 2 OA 2 OA 2
= = = = = OA = 10
D• •C CD OD 12 3 OA + 5 3 5 1
12

OT 2 = OA × OD = 10 × 15 OT = 5 6

# (K PM S ; & 2 . CD = 7 ˆ = PDB
PC = 9 PAC ˆ $ ( $ :
D
:$%
C B PC PA
PCA PDB =
A PB PD
P PA PB = PC PD = 9 × (9 + 7) = 9 × 16
M
PM 2 = PA PB
PM 2 = 9 × 16 PM = 3 × 4 = 12
53(2 5 . [C ; C, B & . 2 4 <A $ ( $ 2 C, B, A 3(2 :
# ! " "6 Y A 3(2 & " U ; S;
AB " / 8 (2 AB " /16 8 (1
B + " (4 A + " (3
. X, 3 +3 :$%
T
AT2 = AB × AC = "$%
C A . AT - .! ( A +
B " B %/ 2H
 23

. 6 B A& [C a , S ; PD . CC 34 682 G" P 3(2 :

# S; < 3(2 ! " < S; [C B A 3(2 & "
iB
Ai C (C ( ;," (2 C C (1
D
P
0 (4 CC <8 % 7 t% 8 (3
C C
. X, 1 +3 :$%
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: ; m/? o m p y ; % 6/K/ ;,H(
A• •
D
• PD 2 = PA.PB
P

B : ! :, /8 /! L 1 <8 " B ( A %23 3 pI

•
A•
PM 2 = PA.PB
•
P M

: ! :, /8 r/ "% 2 D "
•B
A
• D
• • PM 2 = PD 2
C

/C ( % /m( n /m 2 PM " " " PD p/ " PM p/ .

. !" C (C^ M n /m 2 Q7 ! " ;,C<8 - .! PD

•B

•A
•
C
: 9 ,/: ,

( (D ( 1 %23 "$ ( [ &K " " ( LM%

. /! , ( %/8 % 1 1 ; . 2 " " u #0 ?( " (% " (% + ( ( %23 "$

C
. #D, ( %/8 % 1 z+m B ( A ^ :1 #

. AB ' " AB <8 % 7 " (% "(% 90 ° ( %/8 % 1 :2 #

2

B A
M
. !" 180 ( ( AB <8 % 7 ,B %/8 % 1 F( ,B 1 ( AMB 1 :3 #

:" *" *" * **0c" AB = a <8 % 7 *" (% ( %/8 % 1 - .! :4 #

a
R=
2 sin
a
. !" OH = " " AB ?( +
M 2 tan
O
R

A H
B
 24

# 2 ;2 = ! " ha . 6 $ 4 ha A = 120 ° a = 4 3 . : : :
3 (4 2 (3 3 (2 2 (1
:$%
A
120 *,,{? ;1*K . BC = a <8 % 7 " (% 120° ( %/8 % 1 A LM%
/16 - .! N# (% A #H I " ^/" - ?% % :1 + 1 (% A
2 3 2 3
O * ***H I ;***** % ( BC 4*****5 /16) . * ***,A" % * ***' BC <*****8 % * ***7 * ***"
3
/? 1 ha Q7 . 0 < ha 2 ha ,,{? ( I 2H . h a = 2 3 cot 60° = 2 3 × =2
3
. !" 3 " "

:# , ; !) )( ;
:# $*& < + = >-:
. /! , & ' >8 %/ " " iD & ' & ' ( % % # % <8
%A .:, A % " L 1 <8 & ' (% A % < (< % L <8
.:, L 1?
. /1 : % " L 1 <8 ( /? t% 8 :#
:: % ! " L 1 C(O, R ) " MT ( MT <8 ( 3 : ,P'
(. /16 L 1 <8 " L 1? % - .!) OT̂M = 90° -1
T MT = MT -2
H . TÔT ( TM̂T D1, OM -3
O M
. TT 45 /16 OH -4

T OH.OM = R 2 -5
TT 2 = 4OH.HM -6
TT .OM = 2R.MT -7
[5C S; 3(2 & " 3< M C . 6 S; C(O, R ) \ < M 3(2 & :
# (K S ; " 68*( 6 2 ;*4 OM
. X, 2 1 +3 (4 8 (3 48 (2 4 (1
:$%
T
OM = OH + HM = 6 + 2 = 8
R H
O M R 2 = OH .OM = 8 × 2 = 16 R=4

MT = OM 2 R 2 = 64 16 = 48
: HI; % HM < OH % /m( +, #H I H( MH > OH : v m; ?

R 2 = OH .OM = 6 × 8 = 48 R = 48

MT 2 = OM 2 R2 MT = 64 48 = 4
 25

A
: ;, C Y Z ->K p/ oDI " m ->K (% Y Z 8 <8 % 7 : #

K AH = AK = p a
H
BH = BM = p b
C CM = CK = p c
B M
A c, b & *K ( *# (% ( a & *K (% A LM% m% 8 <8 % 7

M C
: ;, C Y Z ->K p/ oDI " m
B
H K AH = AK = p
BH = BM = p c
CM = CK = p b
# 2 2 JK 9: 8@ % * Q, P 1 (2 08 8@ M 3(2 " % $ ( $ :
,{# <, ( "$ I D (2 " $ <, ( "$ I D (1
,{# <, ( ,{# I D (4 " $ <, ( ,{# I D (3
A
:$%
B C
M p = AP = AQ 2p = 2AP = 2AQ
P Q
. " $ Y Z <, 2H " $ AQ ( AP L 1 p/ <, (% M I "
I *D 2*H * 9, "YZ I D Q, P ^ "M ! + " :, BI>
. ,{#
68*( 34 2 ':+ 0 AK " S ; 3(2 8 9 13 >+ 9: A :< @ :
x # ! " 34 Y 7*2 . "
2 3 2 1
y (4 (3 (2 (1
3 7 5 3
. b 71 +3 :$%
x x x+y = 8
9 x+z = 9 2(x + y + z) = 30 x + y + z = 15
8
z y + z = 13
y
x 2 1
= = : e,# % !" z=7 ( y=6 x=2 ; " "
y 13 z y 6 3

: - !"
. " <, , % .K C !"L1 " .K C &K 1 3
A & K ( -/1e " ! " ( D 9" & K ( -/1e !" , . K% NC ; " (F ]^ !
B :: " 9"
Q
A
P R AB + CD = BC + AD
D S C . . K% NC + 1 1 % , . K% NC 8 D1,
. " " - .! 45 % <, n K9 I " , . K% NC ID
R
S= × 2p
2
. !" , ; 1 ;,' DH ( D# (k ( , Y Z ( &" /H : #
 26

5 5 '5 % 45 (2& e %* C . 8@ R = 3 084 *N *) (2& e A :

# ! " Yf
8.5 (4 8 (3 7.5 (2 7 (1
A a B
x 3 x :$%
(a + b )
× 6 = 45 a + b = 15
D C 2
b
a + b = x + x = 2x = 15 x = 7.5
# ! " Y 8@ 60° (2& e &A C . 1 @ 6g 4 (2& e A C(O,1/ 5) :
(3 + 2 3 ) (4 (
3 3 + 3 (3 ) (
2 3 + 2 3 (2 ) (
2 3 + 3 (1 )
:$%
A H1 B x2 3 2
x x2 = + 4R 2 x =9 x=2 3
2 x 4 4
O 1 x
R
H2
30
30
2p = AB + BC + DC + AD = AH1 + 2 BH1 + CH 2 + DH2 + AD = 2(AD + x ) = 2 3 + 2 3 ( )
D C
H2

107 72 D58 :+ UK Y N ) ':+ & 2 C . 2 [C 3(2 A & :+ UK A :< & *;82 :

# ! " Y ! UK ':+ & 2 91
126 (4 90 (3 88 (2 56 (1
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*( *D1, *! " L *1 * % . K% NC ( D1, #'( . ! " " & K % NC /!
* + /? Q7 . /" /8 " ->K 1? e,# % ( /8 %/i6 +, F% NC
a+c = b+d 163 = 107 + d d = 56 :: % e,# % !" , %/ 2 . K% NC ( ! " . K% NC

:# ? 3 <
u #0 L 1 <8 ; ! " L 1 <8 | % ( 3 . !"L1 ( " 8 ( u #0 L 1
. /! , ( 8 u #0 L 1 <8 ; ! " L 1 <8 | ( % ( 3 ( m% 8
*'>? * . #D C D ( CD 8 u #0 L 1 ( ( AB ( A B m% 8 u #0 L 1 ( % t% c# (
* *" % ; +* 1H <*8 ( #D # ( ; + 1H <8 (% 8 u #0 L 1 '>? ( m% 8 u #0 L 1
A : :,D ? iD
C B
D FO EO R
O R
E = =
R F O FO EO R
C D
B
A
:# @, : ? 3 < #
T
T
::, 916 g " ( m% 8 u #0 L 1 %( " "
H
R
R
OO 2 = OH2 + O H2
O
d
O TT = d 2 (R R )2
d = (R R
2
)
2
+ TT 2
 27

# % K 0 0 G" ;N < . % 15 % 6 14 Q < i )j S ; & 2:

:$%

15 = d 2 (14 6) 2 d 2 64 = 225 d 2 = 289 d = 17

! %/= Z, 6 17 ( 15 ( 8 ! " ?
5 OO 5 & 5 54> 3(2 :/ B % 4 3 O O G" ' () :
1
# % K 0 S; 3(2 @ i )j S ; & 2 . OO
2
:$%
P
4 3 * ( +H :\ *' Y* Z *! " & *K 45 & K " %( , ZZ % 3
O M O OO = 5 :Q7 ( +H :\ ' OPO Y Z Q7 .

T T TT = d 2 (R R )2 = 52 (4 3)2 = 24 = 2 6
54> $5@ :/ B a , OO = 16 :/ B 5 3 O O G" C C :
# ! " Q < :< i )j S ;
10 (4 20(4 30 (2 40 (1
:$%
O E O
F EO R 16 EO 5
= = EO = 6
EO R EO 3
EF = EO + O F = 6 + 24 = 30
FO R FO 3
= = F O = 24
FO R FO + 16 5

:# : ? 3 < #

A
::, 916 g " ( 8 u #0 L 1 %( " "
T
T
d T TT 2 + OM 2 = OO 2
O
O
R
TT = d 2 (R + R )2
TT 2 + (R + R )2 = d 2
O
O R
T
A M TT = 2 RR = AA :: % ( ," L 1 ( % :#
# (K )* Y " X2 . R $ ( $ :

R 2(R + R ) (2 2R + R (1
R 4 R (4 4R + 2 R (3
:$%
S S :: % . TAS, T A S , SS , TT ::, :,D ? 1D' % NC " % b
R
A A TAS = T A S &" TT S S TT = SS
R
2 R
T T TAS = = R : . . 45 " " " TAS 1 p/
2
TAS = R o,? ? ;,1 "
:Q7 . 2R . ( ; + 1H <8 p/ " " " : TT
b p/ = ( R × 2) + (2R × 2) = 4R + 2 R
 28

: i 9" ' p/ < /? L 1 ; !" m% 8 ( 8 u #0 L 1 ;," ( 3 :#

AB = A B = R R cot
2
CD = C D = (R + R ) cot
2
EE 0 i )j S ; MM EE TT C . )* 8 S; 4 9 :
# (K
T E T :$%
O TT
O F EF = T E = ET EF =
TT
E M 2
EF = E F =
M MM 2
FE = M E = E M EF=
2

TT = MM EE = TT
:Q7

EE = TT = (R + R )2 (R R )2 = 4RR = 2 RR = 2 4 × 9 = 12

A R R
sin = : 3 ! " m% 8 u #0 L 1 ( ;," ( 3 :#
C B 2 d
R
C R R
O R 2
sin = :t% 8 L 1 ( % (
2 R+R
D
D R+R
B sin = : ! " 8 u #0 L 1 ( ;," ( 3 (
A 2 d
0 G5" ;N 5< . Q 30 ) )2 30 7/5 \ < S ; 0 G" ;N < 08 & :
# ) )2 K
R R :$%
30 30
O O R R 30 7 / 5 1
Sin 30° = = = OO = 45
OO OO 2
# ! " Y Q < i )j S ; 0 G" ;N < 08 & . 2 \ < S ; 2R , R :
:$%
d = 3R R 1 1
Sin = = = Sin 1
2R R = R 3R 3 3

# (
! " OO = 6 , C O , 2 , C O,2 2 ) ( ) :< i )j S ; 08 & & 2 :
:$%
R+R R+R 2
= Sin 1 = 2Sin 1 = 2Sin 1 = 90 °
2 d d 2