Maximum and Minimum Point for

Quadratic Function

A. Critical Point [Stationary / Turning Point, (x , y)]

Fokus : Kena cari titik coordinat
𝑑𝑦
• a point on the graph where the 𝑑𝑥 of function's derivative is
zero.
𝑑𝑦
= m = gradient = 0
𝑑𝑥
• it is a point where the function "stops" increasing or decreasing

stationary points are the red circles

B. Nature of Stationary / Turning Point (x , y)

𝑑𝑦
• A turning point is a point at which the 𝑑𝑥 changes sign.
A turning point may be either a relative maximum or a relative
minimum

Relative minimum (local minimum)

-where the derivative of the function changes from negative to
positive

Relative maximum (local maximum)

- where the derivative of the function changes from positive to
negative
Example

1. Find the stationary point on the curve f(x) = 2x2 – 5x –

3 .Then, determine their nature.

y = 2x2 – 5x – 3
𝑑𝑦
= 4x - 5
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
When =0
𝑑𝑥
4x -5 = 0
5
x=
4

next find the coordinate of the point

5
when x =
4
y = 2x2 – 5x – 3

5 5
=2( )–5( )–3
4 4

−49
= 8

𝟓 −𝟒𝟗
So the coordinate of critical point is ( 𝟒 , )
𝟖

Nature of the critical point:

Kena buat 2nd order differentiation jer:
𝑑𝑦
= 4x - 5
𝑑𝑥
y” = 4
4>0
𝟓 −𝟒𝟗
So the critical point ( , ) is a minimum point.
𝟒 𝟖
Step :
1. Tulis persamaan y = ???
2. Cari dy/dx
3. Dy/dx = 0
4. Cari x
5. Cari y, ganti x dlm persamaan y=???
6. Beza sekali lagi dy/dx. 2nd order
7. Tgk hasil > @ < daripada 0.tentukan nature.rujuk nota.
2. Given f(x) = 1 - x – 2x2 is an equation of a curve.
Determine the maximum or minimum point occur.
Step :
1. Tulis persamaan y = ???
y = 1 - x – 2x2

2. Cari dy/dx
𝑑𝑦
= -1 -4x
𝑑𝑥

3. Dy/dx = 0
-1 -4x = 0
4. Cari x
-4X = 1
1
X=-
4

5. Cari y, ganti x dlm persamaan y=???

y = 1 - x – 2x2
1 1
= 1 – (- 4) -2(- 4)2
= 9
8
1 9
So..critical point is (- 4 , 8 )

6. Beza sekali lagi dy/dx. 2nd order

𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
= -1 -4x

y” = -4
-4 < 0
7. Tgk hasil > @ < daripada 0.tentukan nature.rujuk nota.
𝟏 𝟗
So the critical point (- 𝟒 , 𝟖 ) is a maximum point.