SCIENCE

LESSON 5: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

I. Complete the following statements by filling in the correct word(s).

1. __________________ is the inner framework that supports the body.

2. About 20% of an average adult’s body is ________________.

3. The skeletal system of an adult body consists of ______ bones.

4. The backbone, which is also called ____________________, is the center of the

skeleton.

5. If you move your fingers down the center of your back, you can feel the small bones
or _______________ that make up your backbone.

6. The ______________ protects the brain.

7. A __________ is where two bones come together.

8. An _____________________ allows little or no movement.

9. A ________________ allows the body to make a wide range of movements.

10. The bones in movable joints are held together by strong connective tissues called
________________.

11. Most joints have a second type of connective tissue called ________________ which
is more flexible than bones.

12. A _________ joint allows forward and backward movements.

13. A ___________ joint allows one bone to rotate around another.

14. A __________ joint allows one bone to slide over another.

15. A __________________ joint allows the greatest range of movements.

II. Put the statements to its proper column. Write only the letter.

A. Examples are skull and pelvic girdle.

B. Synovial joints contain a synovial.
C. Don’t allow any kind of movement of the bones they connect.
D. Examples are shoulder, elbow and wrist joints.
E. Allow greater freedom of movement.
F. Synovial cavity is absent.

Movable joints (Synovial joint) Immovable joint

III. True or False. Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is otherwise.

_____1. The skeletal system of an adult body consists of 205 bones.

_____2. The long bones of the arms and legs act as factories that make certain blood
cells.

_____3. Ligaments cover the ends of the bones and keeps them from rubbing against
each other.

_____4. Joints allow bones to move in different ways.

_____5. The joints found in the knees and elbows are examples of gliding joints.

_____6. The pivot joint in your neck allows you to turn your head from side to side.

_____7. Gliding joints are the most frequently used joints in the body.

_____8. Gliding joints include those found in your wrist and ankles and between
vertebrae.

_____9. Cartilage is not as flexible than bones.

_____10. Ball-and-socket joint is an example of an immovable joint.

IV. Enumeration

A. Example of immovable joints B. Types of movable joints

1. 1. 3.

2. 2. 4.

C. Functions of Skeletal System

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

V. What joints can you find in the following bones/body structure? Write H for hinge
joints, P for pivot joints, BS for ball-and-socket joints, and G for gliding joints.

____1. neck ______3. elbows _____5. shoulder

____2. knee ____4. ankles _____6. wrist

_____7. between vertebrae

VI. Label the illustration below.
 ANSWER KEY

I. IV.
1. Skeletal System A.
2. bone 1. Skull 2. pelvis
3. 206
4. vertebral column B.
5. vertebrae 1. Hinge joints
6. skull 2. Pivot joints
7. joint 3. Ball-and-socket
8. immovable joint 4. Gliding joint
9. movable joint
10. ligaments C.
11. cartilage 1. It provides a framework that supports
12. hinge and protects other body parts.
13. pivot 2. It enables the body to move.
14. gliding 3. It protects the organs in the body.
15. ball-and-socket 4. It produces blood cells.
5. It stores minerals and other materials
II. that the body needs.
Movable joints ---- B, D, E
Immovable ------ A, C, F
V.
III. 1. Ps
1. F (206) 2. H/BS
2. T 3. H
3. F (cartilage) 4. G
4. T 5. BS
5. F (hinge joints) 6. G
6. T 7. G
7. T
8. T
9. F (more flexible)
10. F (movable joint)
VI.