Paulo S.

Abella

BSEd 2-5 FILIPINO

1. What is Basketball?

Basketball, game played between two teams of five players each on a rectangular court, usually indoors.
Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the opponent’s goal, an elevated horizontal hoop
and net called a basket.

Where Basketball Originated

It was the winter of 1891-1892. Inside a gymnasium at Springfield College (then known as the
International YMCA Training School), located in Springfield, Mass., was a group of restless college
students. The young men had to be there; they were required to participate in indoor activities to burn
off the energy that had been building up since their football season ended. The gymnasium class offered
them activities such as marching, calisthenics, and apparatus work, but these were pale substitutes for
the more exciting games of football and lacrosse they played in warmer seasons.

The only major sport strictly of U.S. origin, basketball was invented by James Naismith (1861–1939) on
or about December 1, 1891, at the International Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Training
School (now Springfield College), Springfield, Massachusetts, where Naismith was an instructor in
physical education.

For that first game of basketball in 1891, Naismith used as goals two half-bushel peach baskets, which
gave the sport its name. The students were enthusiastic. After much running and shooting, William R.
Chase made a midcourt shot—the only score in that historic contest. Word spread about the newly
invented game, and numerous associations wrote Naismith for a copy of the rules, which were
published in the January 15, 1892, issue of the Triangle, the YMCA Training School’s campus paper.

The Birthplace of Basketball

Basketball is built into the fabric of Springfield College. The game was invented by Springfield College
instructor and graduate student James Naismith in 1891, and has grown into the worldwide athletic
phenomenon we know it to be today.

2. History of Basketball

Who Invented Basketball?

The game of basketball originated in December 1891 by a Canadian born man by the name of James
Naismith.
Naismith was a teacher at the YMCA training school in Springfield, Massachusetts. He was required to
train young men to become instructors at newly opened YMCA centres.

With the cold weather keeping the class indoors, in December 1891, Naismith was asked by the schools
Superintendent of Physical Education, Dr. Luther. H. Gulick, to create an indoor game that would keep
the young men active during the cold winter months.

Upon this request, Naismith nervously set out to create a game that his class would enjoy. In a diary
found many years later he had written…

“I felt this was a crucial moment in my life as it meant success or failure of my attempt to hold the
interest of the class and devise a new game”

With the help of his wife and memories of playing ‘Duck on a Rock’ during his childhood, he decided to
create a game that would focus on skill rather than strength.

For those who are curious… ‘Duck on a Rock’ was a game in which players threw rocks at a certain target
placed on top of a large boulder or tree stump.

The game he ended up inventing is the game we all know and love today – basketball.

How Basketball Was First Played

Basketball required very little equipment to play… two peach baskets hanging 10 feet above the ground,
and a soccer ball.

The object of the game is to work as a team to throw or bat the soccer ball into the opposing teams
peach basket, while defending a score in your peach basket from the opposition team.

As you can imagine, it was a major pain getting the ball out of the peach basket when a team finally
scored. Some say they used a long poll to push the ball out, others say someone was required to climb a
ladder to retrieve it…

Either way, the initial players weren’t great shooters so they didn’t have to worry about this too much!
Heck, in the first game ever played there was only one score during the entire game! But I’ll explain
more about that game later in this article.

Originally the game involved nine players on each team… What! Why nine players? Because Naismith’s
class had 18 people in it.

He also developed rules for the game known as ‘The 13 Rules of Basketball’.

3. Objectives of the game

The main objective of basketball is to make a goal and score points. A goal is made by shooting the ball
through the basket or hoop. The goal post or basket for a team is in the opponent’s court. Each team
should not only try to make a goal and prevent the opposite team from taking control of the ball, but
should also try to protect the basket in their court and prevent the opponent from making a goal.

4. Movement use in Basketball

Dribbling

Top point guards dribble and control the ball as if it were on a string. Good technique is critical for a ball
handler. You should dribble with your fingertips rather than your palm. Dribble with your head up so
you can see the opposition and your teammates. Keep your body low and use your off-ball hand to help
keep your defender at bay. Work on dribbling with both hands, so you'll be as comfortable going to your
left or your right.

Passing

Great passers can see the whole court and anticipate where a teammate will go and what a defender
will do. Mastering the basics is the place to start. Develop a two-hand chest pass, bounce pass and
overhead pass so you can deliver the ball to your teammates in the best position for them to shoot or
beat their defender. Steve Nash or Derrick Rose can dazzle you with a behind-the-back or a no-look pass.
But those moves are not just for show; they provide a teammate the best chance to score.

Shooting

It's difficult to score if you can't shoot the ball effectively. As Better Basketball Coaching explains,
shooting is something of an art form, and some players, such as Kevin Durant and Ray Allen, have a
knack for it. But everyone can improve their shooting through proper technique and lots of practice.
Proper technique includes squaring your body up to the target, shooting the ball with your fingertips,
keeping your elbows from flying, putting backspin and arc on the shot and following through completely
after letting the ball fly.

Rebounding

Although it helps to be tall and have jumping ability, rebounding is a matter of desire as well as ability.
Charles Barkley was relatively small for a forward, but he was an outstanding rebounder. He had the
ability to determine where an errant shot was likely to fall, the willingness to crash the boards
relentlessly and the strength to block out taller opponents. Blocking out your opponent -- also called
boxing out -- is one of the keys to good rebounding. To do it effectively, maintain your concentration
and focus.

Defense
Even the best scorers go into shooting slumps. But you can always play good defense if you hustle and
understand both individual and team defense. When you are defending a player, keep you head lower
than his. Stay close enough to the offensive player to bother him -- but not so close he can blow by you
with one step. Know your opponent's tendencies so you can dictate the direction you want him to
move. Be aware of the other players on the court, so you can play help defense when a teammate loses
his man.

5. Rules of the game

Teams/number of players

Two teams of maximum 12 players, with a maximum of five players of each team on the court at any
time.

Teams may make as many substitutions as they like.

The objective

The objective of the game is to put the ball in the opposing team’s basket.

The team with the most points at the end of the game wins.

Duration

The game consists of four periods of 10 minutes.

If the scores are tied, overtime periods of five minutes will be played until one team has more points
than the other (at the end of the 5-minute period)

Scoring

A basket scored from near the basket (inside the three-point arc) is worth two points.

A basket scored from far (beyond the three-point arc) is worth three points.

A basket scored from the free-throw line is worth one point.

Moving the ball

The ball may either be passed from one player to another, or dribbled by a player from one point to
another (bounced while walking or running).

Before passing or shooting the ball, a player may take two steps (without dribbling).
Once a player has stopped dribbling, he may not start to dribble again.

Once the team in possession of the ball has passed the half-court line, it may not cross back over the line
with the ball.

Shot clock

When a team gains possession of the ball, they have a maximum of 24 seconds to attempt a shot.

Additionally, offensive players may not remain within the restricted area (key) for more than three
consecutive seconds.

Fouls

A personal foul occurs when there is illegal contact between two opponents. A player who makes more
than five personal fouls is excluded from the game.

A foul made on a player attempting a shot results in the awarding of the same number of free-throws as
those of the shot taken (two from inside the arc, three from outside). If a player is fouled but makes the
attempted shot, the shot counts and an additional free-throw will be awarded.

Once a team has made four fouls in a period, each additional foul (on a player not attempting a shot) will
result in the automatic awarding of two free-throws.

6. Equipment use in basketball

Basketball - Playing Environment

There are many variants of basketball, some play indoors and some outdoors, some play on larger
grounds, and some teams have more players. We can play the fun game on any flat surface but FIBA, the
organizing body has laid down some guidelines for a basketball court.

Court Design

A standard international basketball court is an indoor, rectangular court with dimensions 50 feet × 94
feet.
Courts at schools may be smaller. The court is divided into two symmetrical halves, one for each team.
Various markings are painted on the court. There’s a circle at the center, free throw semi circles,
restricted areas and three-point lines are marked on either side of the court. A no charge semi circular
area is marked just below the basket.

tutorialspoint

Basketball - Quick Guide

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Basketball - Overview

Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith in 1891 to engage players in an indoor sport during
winters that keeps them fit. He designed a sport loosely based on his childhood game Duck on a Rock
where players have to hit a stone, called a duck in the game. The duck was protected by other players
and placed high on a rock.

He also wanted the game to be safer and so the sport was played with soccer balls and peach baskets
placed at about 10 feet high, involved less physical contact, drew players attention on the ball and not
on other players. He developed a set of thirteen rules and the first match was held on December 21st,
1891 among two teams of nine players each at Springfield College.

Basketball Game

The rules of the game were changed slightly and many more rules were added to make it better and
more interesting with time. The actual game did not allow dribbling, used closed baskets and was played
in a smaller court. The game was initially played in YMCA gyms. YMCA helped spreading the game to
other parts of America and the game increased YMCA memberships too. It was popularized by cable
televisions and spread to other parts of the globe by North American soldiers fighting in World War I.
Basketball - Objective

The main objective of basketball is to make a goal and score points. A goal is made by shooting the ball
through the basket or hoop. The goal post or basket for a team is in the opponent’s court. Each team
should not only try to make a goal and prevent the opposite team from taking control of the ball, but
should also try to protect the basket in their court and prevent the opponent from making a goal.

Basketball - Team Size

Each team may have twelve players entitled to play the game. Five players from a team can play at any
time in the court and they may be substituted at anytime during the play. Each team may have a coach
and an assistant coach. Each team may have a group of less than five non-players with different
responsibilities. They are usually manager, doctor, physiotherapist, statistician, and interpreter.

Participating Countries

As basketball originated in the United States, it is very popular in the country and has spread to other
surrounding countries. NBA should be credited for expanding the game and creating a huge fan base
throughout the world.

China dominates Asian Basketball Championships and has won many titles. Basketball is the most
popular sport in Philippines. Iran, South Korea and Japan are also good competitors to China in FIBA Asia
Championships. Russia defeated United States at 1972 Summer Olympics and caught the world’s
attention.

Some of the countries that produced basketball champions are: Greece, Lithuania, Serbia, Spain, France,
Canada, USA, Brazil, Italy, Argentina, and Montenegro.

Basketball - Playing Environment

There are many variants of basketball, some play indoors and some outdoors, some play on larger
grounds, and some teams have more players. We can play the fun game on any flat surface but FIBA, the
organizing body has laid down some guidelines for a basketball court.

Court Design
A standard international basketball court is an indoor, rectangular court with dimensions 50 feet × 94
feet.

Courts at schools may be smaller. The court is divided into two symmetrical halves, one for each team.
Various markings are painted on the court. There’s a circle at the center, free throw semi circles,
restricted areas and three-point lines are marked on either side of the court. A no charge semi circular
area is marked just below the basket.

Court Design

Basketball - Equipment

Basketball is a simple game, it doesn’t require any equipment other than a hoop, a ball and a flat court.
Even two players can play and have fun with basketball.

Basket

A hoop or basket with net around its circumference and of 18 inch diameter is firmly hung horizontally
from a rectangular backboard of 3.5 feet height and 6 feet width on either sides of the court. The rim of
the hoop is 10 feet above the ground. The backboard in various international competitions is
transparent for better visibility.

Ball

Basketball is an orange-colored and rough-textured spherical ball with black contours usually made of
leather or composite tough materials.

The ball is bounced continuously (dribbling), thrown through the air to other players (passing), and
towards the basket (shooting). So a typical basketball must be very durable and easy to hold on to.

Other Equipment

There may be some more equipment for convenience.

Some international courts have a game clock that makes a beep at the end of each period. Some also
show the shot clock countdown.

Sometimes, the back boards have bordering lights that light up and indicate that a period is about to
end.
https://www.britannica.com/sports/basketball

https://www.basketballforcoaches.com/basketball-history/

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/basketball/basketball_quick_guide.htm

https://blog.iqmatrix.com/basketball-movement-tactics
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/basketball/basketball_quick_guide.htm

https://woman.thenest.com/five-basic-skills-basketball-1519.html

https://www.fiba.basketball/basic-rules

https://springfield.edu/where-basketball-was-invented-the-birthplace-of-basketball