Name: Rose Ann N. Crisostomo Yr.

& Sec: BEED 2A EVE Rating: _____________

Instructor: MYRA AMADA B. MATA

Subject: PHYSICAL EDUCATION 4

Date: April 10,2021

Activity : Basketball

Directions: Research the following:

1. History of the game

2. Rules

3. Scoring of the game

4. Basic skills of the game basketball

1. HISTORY OF THE GAME

Basketball, game played between two teams of five players each on a rectangular court, usually
indoors. Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the opponent’s goal, an elevated horizontal
hoop and net called a basket.

The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts by Canadian
physical education instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football. Naismith was a
31-year old graduate student when he created the indoor sport to keep athletes indoors during the
winters.[1] The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as the 20th century
progressed, first in America and then in other parts of the world. After basketball became established in
American colleges, the professional game followed. The American National Basketball Association (NBA),
established in 1946, grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the century, and basketball
became an integral part of American culture.

Invention of the game

The game of basketball as it is known today was created by Dr. James Naismith in December 1891 in
Springfield, Massachusetts, to condition young athletes during cold months. Naismith was a physical
education instructor at YMCA International Training School (now known as Springfield College) in
Springfield, Massachusetts. Upon the request of his boss, Naismith was tasked to create an indoor sports
game to help athletes keep in shape in cold weather.[1] It consisted of peach baskets and a soccer style
ball. He published 13 rules for the new game. He divided his class of eighteen into two teams of nine
players each and set about to teach them the basics of his new game. The objective of the game was to
throw the basketball into the fruit baskets nailed to the lower railing of the gym balcony. Every time a
point was scored, the game was halted so the janitor could bring out a ladder and retrieve the ball. After
a while, the bottoms of the fruit baskets were removed. The first public basketball game was played in
Springfield, Massachusetts, on March 11, 1892.

The First Ball

The very first ball that was used was a soccer ball until 1840 when an actual “basketball” was
invented. The basketball was slightly smaller, about thirty inches in diameter.

The Basket

The first baskets that were used were two peach baskets that were hung from the balcony of the gym By
1906, the peach baskets were replaced by metal baskets with holes in the bottom. In 1913, a hoop with
a net was invented so the basketball could fall freely to the ground.

Backboard

In 1893, due to the overzealous spectators interfering with the basketball, the backboard was
invented. The first backboard was constructed out of wire mesh, and then wood and now it is made out
of glass so the backboard does not interfere with the viewing of the game.

2. RULES

There were only thirteen rules of "basket ball":

1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.

2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands.

3. A player cannot run with the ball, the player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it,
allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at good speed.

4. The ball must be held in or between the hands, the arms or body must not be used for holding it.
 5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall
be allowed. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul, the second shall
disqualify him until the next goal is made, or if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the
whole of the game, no substitute.

6. A foul is striking the ball with the fist, violation of rules 3 and 4, and such as described in rule 5.

7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count a goal for opponents.

8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from grounds into the basket and stays there.
If the ball rests on the edge and the opponent moves the basket it shall count as a goal.

9. When the ball goes out of bounds it shall be thrown into the field and played by the person first
touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The "thrower-in" is
allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the
game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.

10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls, and notify the referee when three
consecutive fouls have been made.

11. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in-bounds, and to
which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep
account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.

12.The time shall be fifteen-minute halves, with five-minute rests between.

13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In the case of a draw, the
game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.

3. SCORING OF THE GAME

A basket scored can count as one, two or three points, depending on your shooting location.

How to Score

To score a basket in basketball, the ball must pass through the hoop from above. The shot must
originate from somewhere on the playing area. If the ball does not pass completely through the basket,
no points are counted.
Free Throw

Each free throw made counts as one point. The free-throw line is located 15 feet from the backboard in
the center of the floor. For you to receive a free throw, the opposing team will have to commit a foul on
you as you shoot or commit more than five personal fouls over the course of one quarter. If you are
fouled as you sink a basket during game play, you will receive one bonus free throw. If you miss the
shot, you will receive two or three free throws, depending on the location where the shot originated.

Two-Point Shot

Any basket from a shot taken from inside the three-point line during game play counts for two points.
The three-point line is located 23 feet 9 inches from the center of the backboard. If a player steps on the
three-point line before releasing the ball, the shot will count for only two points.

Three-Point Shot

Any basket from a shot taken from outside the three-point line counts for three points. The shooting
player can step on or cross the three-point line after releasing the ball; the shot will still count for three
points. The shooter must have at least one foot on the floor outside of the line before taking the shot.

4. BASIC SKILLS OF THE GAME BASKETBALL

The sport of basketball requires five basic skills.

* Dribbling

Dribbling is an important skill for all basketball players. This skill will allow you to move up and
down the court, maneuver past defenders and execute plays. Proper dribbling requires ball-handling
skills and knowledge of how to spread your fingers for ball control. It is also best if you know how to
dribble equally well with both hands.

* Shooting

In order to score points in basketball, you need to shoot the ball into the hoop. This requires the ability
to properly hold and throw the ball into the air toward the basket while avoiding defenders. A proper
shot requires precise aiming, arm extension and lift from the legs. There are different types of shots you
need to learn, including jump shots, layups and free throws.

* Running
Running is a big part of basketball. In a full-court game, you will find yourself running back and forth as
the game quickly transitions between offense and defense. When you have the ball, running will help
you to avoid defenders and get to the basket quicker. On defense, you often will find yourself needing to
run after the opponent, especially during fast breaks.

* Passing

Passing is another skill that when mastered can help you become a complete basketball player.
Basketball is a team sport that involves finding a teammate who is open for a shot. The ability to pass
the ball to this player can make the difference between scoring and not scoring. Really great passers are
an important part of a basketball team and usually the ones who set up scoring plays.

* Jumping

Jumping is another skill that can define how good a basketball player is. Jumping is involved in offense
during the jump ball in the beginning, while taking shots and sometimes while trying to catch a pass. On
defensive you will need the ability to jump when trying to block a shot or a pass. Being able to out jump
your opponent for a rebound also is important.