Chemistry Fall 2018 Final Exam Study-Guide

1) What is the first step of the scientific method?

2) What is matter?

3) A vapor is which state of matter?

4) A substance that forms a vapor is generally in what physical state at room

temperature?

5) Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container?

6) Which state of matter is characterized by having a definite shape and a definite

volume?

7) Which state of matter is characterized by low density and high compressibility?

8) The diameter of a carbon atom is 0.000 000 000 154 m. What is this number
expressed in scientific notation?

9) What is the result of multiplying (2.5 x 10 10 ) x (3.5 x 10-7 )?

10) What is the result of adding (2.5 x 103 ) + (3.5 x 102)?

11) Which of the following is the best example of a quantitative measurement?

12) The closeness of a measurement to its true value is a measure of its _____.

13) In the measurement 0.503 L, which digit is the estimated digit?

14) How many significant figures are there in the measurement 0.003 4 kg?

15) If the correct conversion factor is 1 L/1000 mL and the known measurement is 33
mL, what is the answer given by dimensional analysis?

16) How many centimeters are there in 3 kilometers?

17) What is the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that
element?

18) Who was the first person to suggest the idea of atoms, in the fourth century B. C.?

19) What particles form the nucleus of an atom?

20) The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the
nucleus?

21) An element has an atomic number of 80. How many protons and electrons are
in a neutral atom of the element?

22) What is the mass number of an element equal to?

23) How are the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom calculated?

24) How many protons, electrons, and neutrons does an atom with an atomic number
50 and a mass number 120 contain?

25) What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent?

26) What unit is used to measure average atomic mass?

27) What are the Group A elements known as?

28) Of the elements Fe, Hg, U, Te, and Y, which is a representative element?

29) Of the elements Pt, Sc, V, Li, and Kr, which is a nonmetal?

30) What is each vertical column of elements in the periodic table called?

31) Who first arranged the elements according to atomic mass and noticed a periodic
recurrence of their physical and chemical properties?

32) What type of ions have names ending in -ide?

33) What is the electrical charge of a cation?

34) What is the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound called?

35) What is the usual charge on an ion from Group 7A?

36) What is the correct name for the N3- ion?

37) What is the correct formula for barium chlorate?

38) What do the names of all binary compounds, both ionic and molecular, end in?

39) What is the correct name for Sn3(PO4)2?

40) What happens to the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
 as the temperature of the sample is increased?

41) How does the atmospheric pressure at altitudes below sea level compare with
atmospheric pressure at sea level?

42) Which scientist developed an atomic theory in the early 1800s?

43) Who discovered the electron?

44) How does the energy of an electron change when the electron moves closer to the
nucleus?

45) Which scientist developed the quantum mechanical model of the atom?

46) The principal quantum number indicates what property of an electron?

47) How many energy sublevels are there in the second principal energy level?

48) How many f orbitals can there be in one atom?

49) What is the maximum number of d orbitals in a principal energy level?

50) What is the maximum number of orbitals in the p sublevel?

51) If only two electrons occupy two p orbitals, what is the direction of the spins of
these two electrons?

52) What is the next atomic orbital in the series 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p?

53) How does the speed of light change as light moves from a distant star toward
earth in the vacuum of space?

54) What are quanta of light called?

55) Who developed the uncertainty principle?

56) What is the electron configuration of sulfur?

57) What element has the electron configuration 1s 22s22p63s23p2?

58) How does atomic radius change from left to right across a period in the periodic
table?

59) How does electronegativity change down a group in the periodic table?

60) Which group of the periodic table has the highest electronegativity?
61) What is the electron configuration of the calcium ion?

62) How many electrons does nitrogen have to gain in order to achieve a noble-gas
electron configuration?

63) What is the formula of the ion formed when phosphorus achieves a noble-gas
electron configuration?

64) What is the formula of the ion formed when potassium achieves noble-gas electron
configuration?

65) What is the charge of a particle having 9 protons and 10 electrons?

66) How many electrons are shared in a single covalent bond?

67) How many valence electrons does an atom of any halogen have?

68) How many electrons are shared in a double covalent bond?

69) How many covalent bonds are there in a covalently bonded molecule containing 1
phosphorus atom and 3 chlorine atoms?