Chemistry

Question and Answer part 2 Textbook and PPT

1. Mention the different ways of separating mixture!

Answer:
There are 8 ways to separate mixture by using magnetism, filtration, centrifuging,
decanting, extraction and evaporation, chromatography, distillation and crystallization.
2. What is the difference between filtration and decanting?
Answer:
 Decanting is used to separate an insoluble solution like mixtures of immiscible liquids
and solid such as suspension. The technique used by pouring the solution to another
beaker glass.
 Filtration is a process of separating solids from liquids by passing it through a
medium only a liquid can pass. The techniques used by using filter paper.
3. What is the meaning of separating process simple distillation?
Answer:
That is process of purifying a liquid by heating and cooling of the solution, so we can call
the separate mixture by looking different of boiling point.
4. How do you know the difference between melting and boiling point?
Answer:
Boiling point is if a pure liquid the temperature will remain steady or the substance is
impure then the mixture will boil over a temperature range.
Melting point is a pure solid have a sharp melting point or impurity is present the melting
take place over a temperature range.
5. Explain the process of chromatography method?
Answer:
Chromatography process have 3 methods are:
1. Set up the chromatography paper by draw line for starting the substance.
2. Lower paper into beaker with appropriate solvent and wait for solvent to travel up the
paper.
3. Analyze the chromatogram from the substance that already tested by calculate Rf
value.
6. How to calculate the value of Retention factor (Rf) in chromatography process?
Answer:
distance moved by compound
The Rf value is =
distance move by solvent
7. There are two kind of separating liquid/liquid mixture. Explain what is different between
them? And give the example!
Answer:
Immiscible is two liquid that can be separated using funnel. Example is oil and water that
can’t mix.
 Miscible is the liquids have a different density, so can be separated by using fractional
distillation. Example oil and alcohol (wine) can mix.
8. Why centrifuging process is different with filtration?
Answer:
Because centrifuging is using in liquid material that have different density when spin the
sample until the material go to outside. But filtration is separating mixture of solid from
liquid.
9. What is the function of measuring the amount of melting point and boiling point?
Answer:
Because melting and boiling point is used for having pure substances from food and
drugs are important to assess the purity of them. For example water melts exactly 00 C
and boils at 1000 C so the water is pure.
10. Explain the process of crystallization and give the example
Answer:
When the solution is saturated salt begins to crystallize because of heating from the sun
and it is removed using large scoops. Example is process of sea water become salt that
know as brine.
11. Why substance is category as sol, gel and emulsion? What are the difference?
Answer:
Sol is a colloid made out of very small solid particles, example is blood
Gel is semi solid like a jelly that colloidal solution, example are cooked and cooled
gelatin.
Emulsion is between two liquid mix together, example milk, margarine and ice cream.
12. Mention the example of composite materials!
Answer:
 Glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) combining with two different materials to make boats.
 Bone from protein collagen and calcium phosphate
 Wood from cellulose fiver and lignin