MODUL PERKULIAHAN

Bahasa Inggris 1
• Adjectives to describe location/places
• Comparative and Superlative
• Preposition

Kode Mata Kuliah : U5119006

Fakultas : Teknik Tatap Muka

Program Studi : Teknik Mesin

02 Disusun Oleh : Sholihannisa Dwi SK,
S.S, M.Sas
ABSTRAK
What do you say when you meet someone new? Introduce yourself of course! Introducing
yourself is much more than saying your name. You need to tell some more information about
you in English. Introducing yourself to strangers can be tricky because what you say depends
on the context, situation (introduce yourself in a job interview, introduce yourself in an email or
give self introduction in English class).

It's a fact of life that most of us operate within a number of different social circles. Many of us
will socialize with family, friends, neighbors, co-workers, and so on and often, these social
circles are largely kept separate, not necessarily intentionally, of course, but simply by the way
of the fact that they wouldn’t have much reason to naturally come together or commingle in
most circumstances. Still, there are situations where those different social spheres will come
together; parties, weddings, funerals, and so on and in those situations, given that you may be
the person that knows both people from different circles, it’ll be your responsibility to introduce
those people to one another.

TUJUAN
Tujuan dari pertemuan pertama pada mata kuliah ini adalah :

Mahasiswa mampu menyebutkan kata sifat yang menggambarkan suatu lokasi, menjelaskan
suatu hal dengan kata sifat dan membuat perbandingan, dan mampu menentukan preposisi
yang digunakan dalam kalimat.

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PEMBAHASAN
A. Adjectives to describe location/places

Berikut ini contoh-contoh kata sifat (adjectives) yang bisa dipakai untuk
mendeskrispikan lokasi atau tempat :

Ancient – a place that has a long history. Words similar meanings: historic

Example sentence: Athens is an ancient city, which was established thousands of years
ago.

Beautiful – very pleasing on the eye. Words similar meanings: attractive, lovely

Example sentence: Paris is very beautiful in the spring.

Boring – dull and not very interesting. Words with similar meanings: uninteresting

Example sentence: Widnes is a boring place to live.

Bustling – a crowded, busy place. Words and phrases with similar meanings: lively, fast-
paced, hectic.

Example sentence: New York is a busy, bustling city. One of its nickname is “The City That
Never Sleeps”.

Charming – nice, very pleasing. Words and phrases with similar meanings: delightful,
quaint

Example sentence: Oxford is a charming English city, which is steeped in history.

Contemporary – modern, very up to date

Example sentence: Manchester is a northern city with a very contemporary, modern feel.

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Compact – not very big, contained within a small area. Words with similar meanings: small

Example sentence: Durham is a fairly compact city. You don’t need transport to get around.

Cosmopolitan – somewhere with a rich and varied mix of cultures and languages

Example sentence: Liverpool is a cosmopolitan and culturally diverse city.

Crowded – very full of people. Words and phrases with similar meaning: busy, bustling.

Example sentence: London can get really crowded during the summer months.

Exciting – fun, thrilling, with lots of enjoyable things to do. Words with similar meanings:
lively

Example sentence: The seaside town of Blackpool offers plenty of exciting activities for
kids.

Expensive – costing a lot of money. Words with similar meanings: pricey, costly

Example sentence: Tokyo is a very expensive place to live.

Famous – very well known, celebrated, notable

Example sentence: Paris is one of the world’s most famous romantic destinations.

Fantastic – wonderful. Words with similar meanings: amazing, awesome, fabulous, great,
marvelous

Example sentence: Barcelona is a fantastic city! It’s a must to visit if you go to northern
Spain

Fascinating – very interesting. Words with similar meanings: captivating, intriguing

Example sentence: Tunis is a fascinating place to visit, with a wonderfully rich culture and
history.

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 Huge – very big. Words with similar meanings: big, enormous, giant, large, sprawling, vast

Example sentence: Istanbul is a huge city, with over thirteen million inhabitants.

Lively – somewhere with lots of things going on. Words with similar meanings: vibrant

Example sentence: Newcastle is a lively city, with lots of things to do and see.

Inexpensive – not costing very much. Words with similar meanings: cheap

Example sentence: Egypt, Mexico and Thailand are inexpensive travel destinations.

Popular – liked by a lot of people

Example sentence: York is a historic British town which is very popular with tourists.

Picturesque – charming or interesting in a unique or unusual way. Words with similar

meanings: quaint, charming

Example sentence: Looe and Polperro are picturesque English seaside towns.

Polluted – dirty, contaminated

Example sentence: Bilbao’s formerly polluted river has been cleaned up and transformed.

Touristy – visited by lots of tourists. Words and expressions with similar meanings: ‘tourist
trap,’ touristic (rarely used by native speakers).

Example sentence: Chester can be a bit touristy and crowded during summer.

More adjectives you can learn to describe location or places :

• Alive – Full of life

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 • Calm – Peaceful; free from stress

• Enchanting – Delightful; fascinating

• Fresh – Something newly made and full of vigor

• Homey – Cozy; inviting

• Inspiring – Enlivening; motivating

• Lively – Full of life and spirit

• Peaceful – Calm; friendly

• Unspoiled – Untouched by man, pure

• Vibrant – Full of life; energy

• Bleak – Gloomy; somber

• Creepy – Causing feelings of fear or disgust

• Deserted – Abandoned; uninhabited

• Polluted – Dirty; contaminated

• Stormy – Turbulent; tempestuous

B. Comparative and Superlative

Comparative adjectives

We use comparative adjectives to show change or make comparisons:

• This car is certainly better, but it’s much more expensive.

• I’m felling happier now.
• We need a bigger garden.

We use than when we want to compare one thing with another.

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 • She is two years older than me.
• New York is much bigger than Boston.
• He is a better player than Ronaldo.
• France is a bigger country than Britain.

When we want to describe how something or someone changes we can use two
comparatives with and:

• The balloon got bigger and bigger.

• Everything is getting more and more expensive.
• Grandfather is looking older and older.

We often use the with comparative adjectives to show that one thing depends on another:

• The faster you drive, the more dangerous it is. (= When you drive faster, it is more
dangerous.)
• The higher they climbed, the colder it got. (= When they climbed higher, it got colder.)

Superlative adjectives

We use the with superlative adjectives:

• It was the happiest day of my life.

• Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
• That’s the best film I have seen this year.
• I have three sisters: Jan is the oldest and Angela is the youngest.

How to form comparative and superlative adjectives

We usually add -er and -est to one-syllable words to make comparatives and superlatives:

Comparative Superlative

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 Old older oldest

long longer longest

If an adjective ends in -e, we add -r or -st:

Comparative Superlative

nice nicer nicest

large larger largest

If an adjective ends in a vowel and a consonant, we double the consonant and add -er or -
est:

Comparative Superlative

big bigger biggest

Fat fatter fattest

If an adjective ends in a consonant and -y, we change -y to -I and add -er or -est:

Comparative Superlative

happy happier happiest

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 silly sillier silliest

We use more and most to make comparatives and superlatives for most two syllable
adjectives and for all adjectives with three or more syllables:

Comparative Superlative

careful more careful most careful

interesting more interesting most interesting

However, with these common two-syllable adjectives, you can either add -er/-r and -est/-st
or use more and most:

common narrow

cruel pleasant

gentle polite

handsome simple

likely stupid

• He is certainly handsomer than his brother.

• His brother is handsome, but he is more handsome.
• She is one of the politest people I have ever met.
• She is the most polite person I have ever met.

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 The adjectives good, bad and far have irregular comparatives and superlatives:

Comparative Superlative

good better best

bad worse worst

Far farther/further farthest/furthest

C. Preposition

Preposition is a word (usually a short word) that sits before a noun to show the noun’s
relationship with a nearby word. For example (preposition highlighted):

• a boy from our village (in this example, the preposition “from” sits before the noun “our
village” to show the relationship between “our village” and “a boy.”)
• a bone for the dog (in this example, the preposition “for” sits before the noun “the dog”
to show the relationship between “the dog” and “a bone.”)

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Prepositions of Time: at, on, and in

We use at to designate specific times.

• The train is due at 12:15 p.m.

• I have a meeting at 9 a.m.
• The shop closes at midnight.
• Jane went home at lunchtime.

We use on to designate days and dates.

• My brother is coming on Monday.

• We’re having a party on the Forth of July.
• Do you work on Mondays?
• Her birthday is on November 20th.
• Where will you be on New Year’s Day?

We use in for nonspecific times during a day, a month, a season, or a year.

• She likes to jog in the morning.

• It’s too cold in winter to run outside.
• He started the job in 1971.
• He’s going to quit in August.
• Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?

Preposition of Place: at, on, and in

We use at for specific addresses/point of location.

• Grammar English lives at 55 Boretz Road in Durham.

• Jane is waiting for you at the bus stop.
• The shop is at the end of the street.
• When will you arrive at the office?

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We use on to designate surface position/names of streets, avenues, etc.

• Her house is on Boretz Road.

• The author’s name is on the cover of the book.
• There are no prices on this menu.
• You are standing on my foot.
• There was a “no smoking” sign on the wall.

And we use in for enclosed space/the names of land-areas (towns, counties, states, countries,
and continents).

• She lives in Durham.

• Durham is in Windham County.
• Windham County is in Connecticut.
• Do you work in an office?
• Jupiter is in the Solar System.
• Do you live in Japan?
• I have a meeting in New York.

Another common prepositions

Above, about, across, against, along, among, around, before, behind, below, beneath,
beside, between, beyond, by, down, during, except, for, from, inside, into, like, near, of,
off, since, to, toward, through, under, until, up, upon, with, within.

In the example below, each preposition (highlighted) sits before the noun “the wizard” to show
us the relationship between “the wizard” and “the book.”

• The book about the wizard.

• The book by the wizard.
• The book near the wizard.
• The book behind the wizard.
• The book under the wizard.

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Azar, B. S. (2003). Fundamentals of English grammar. Longman.

Lebeau, I., Rees, G., Hall, D., & King, D. (2008). Language leader: pre-intermediate:
coursebook and CD-ROM. Pearson Education Limited.

Murphy, R. (2012). English grammar in use. Ernst Klett Sprachen.

Hutchinson, T., & Sherman, K. (2013). Network: Get Connected. Oxford University Press.

Edwards, Lynda. (2013). English Elevator International (Pre-Intermediete). Jakarta, Indonesia:

Asta Ilmu Sukses.

https://www.esolcourses.com/content/exercises/grammar/adjectives/places/words-for-
describing-places.html

https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/grammar/word-lists/list-of-words-to-describe-places.html

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/comparative-and-superlative-
adjectives

https://www.grammar-monster.com/lessons/prepositions.htm

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