VIVI 1/2/2020

Cholera Malaria Tuberculosis HIV/AIDS

Caused by > Swallowing food >Bit by infected > Caused by a type > Caused by the
(Agent) or water female Anopheles of bacterium called human
contaminated with mosquitoes, called Mycobacterium immunodeficiency
"malaria vectors.”
cholera bacteria tuberculosis. virus.
(Vibrio cholera). Agents: > inhaling the > contact with
>Municipal water > Female expelled droplets infected blood,
supplies. Anopheles containing TB semen, or vaginal
>Ice made from mosquitoes bacteria. fluids.
municipal water.
>Eating foods and Agent: Agent:
drinks sold by > Bacterium, >Virus, human
street vendors. Mycobacterium immunodeficiency
>Vegetables grown tuberculosis. virus.
with water
containing human >Parasite,
wastes. plasmodium. (P
>Consuming raw or falciparum, P
undercooked fish vivax, P ovale and
and seafood caught P malariae).
in waters polluted
with sewage.

Agent//Type:
>Type Bacterium
Vibrio cholerae
serogroup O1 or
O139.

Symptoms >Severe watery > Fever > lack of appetite Short term:
diarrhea > Chills and weight loss >Fever
>Vomiting > Headache > a high >Sore throat
>Dehydration > Nausea and temperature >Headache
>Leg cramps vomiting >night sweats >Muscle aches
>restlessness or > Muscle pain and > Extreme tiredness and joint pain.
irritability fatigue or fatigue >Swollen glands
>Coughing that lasts (swollen lymph
three or more nodes).
weeks >Skin rash.
> Coughing up
blood Long term:
>Extreme
tiredness.
 >Weight loss.
>Night sweats.

Method(s) of >Waterborne. > From mother to > through the air, >having
Transmission Through feces of an unborn child airborne unprotected sex
infected person > Through blood > when a person with someone
that contaminates transfusions with TB disease of who has HIV.
water or food. > By sharing the lungs or throat >sharing drug
Because its highly needles used to coughs, speaks, or needles with
contagious, it can inject drugs sings. People nearby someone who is
contaminate may breathe in infected with HIV.
humans and other these bacteria and >passed from a
organisms that become infected. mother to her
contact or swim in baby during
the same body of pregnancy, birth,
water. Also by or breastfeeding.
clothing, sheets, >blood
and many other transfusions,
items in the home. blood products, or
organ and tissue
transplants.
>contact between
broken skin,
wounds, or
mucous
membranes and
blood or body
fluids mixed with
the blood of a
person who has
HIV.
>if both partners
have sores or
bleeding gums
and blood from
the partner with
HIV gets into the
bloodstream of
the HIV-negative
partner.
>Oral sex

Treatment and Treatment: Treatment: Treatment: Treatment:

Prevention >Rehydration >Medication >Medication > Antiretroviral
therapy (adequate (Artemisinin-based treatment, therapy (ART),
volumes of a combination antibiotics(Isoniazid. (only helps people
solution of oral therapies (ACTs), Rifampin (Rifadin, with HIV live
rehydration salts, Chloroquine Rimactane) longer, healthier
 intravenous (IV) phosphate. Ethambutol lives, but it cannot
fluids when > Combination of (Myambutol) be cured)
necessary, and atovaquone and
electrolytes.) proguanil Prevention: Prevention:
>Antibiotics (Malarone) > The BCG > Practice safer
(doxycycline, > Quinine sulfate vaccination sex.
azithromycin and (Qualaquin) with > Early diagnosis > Don't have more
ciprofloxacin) doxycycline > good ventilation than one sex
>Zinc (Vibramycin, > natural light partner at a time.
Treatment(ORS- Monodox, others) > good hygiene > Talk to your
zinc co-pack) > Mefloquine partner before
> Primaquine you have sex the
Prevention: phosphate first time. Find out
>drink and use safe if he or she is at
water to brush Prevention: risk for HIV. Get
teeth, wash and > Cover your skin. tested together.
prepare food, and > Apply insect Use condoms in
make ice repellant to skin the meantime.
>Wash hands often and clothing > Don't drink a lot
>Use latrines to > Sleep under a of alcohol or use
bury feces net illegal drugs
>Cook food well >Preventitive before sex.
>Clean up safely in Medicine(Ato- > Don't share
the kitchen, vaquone/proguani personal items,
bathroom and l (Malarone), such as
laundry room doxycycline, and toothbrushes or
mefloquine) razors.
> Never share
needles or
syringes with
anyone.

Cholera Malaria Tuberculosis HIV/AIDS

Biological >Poor > Presence of > The only available > human
Affects environmental bushes and TB vaccine, BCG, papillomavirus–
conditions stagnant water doesn’t provide related cancers as
>Absence or around homes protection in many well, including
shortage of safe > rainfall migrant countries of tumors of the
water and of > low altitude origin such as India. anus, vagina,
proper sanitation > high > vitamin D vulva, penis, and
>Poor waste temperatures deficiency oropharynx.
management.
Social Affects >Causes panic and > Agricultural > vulnerability to > Increase in crime
disrupt Development. infection from other rates, poverty,
> Human countries drug abuse,
Population illiteracy, reduced
Movements productivity and
 > Urbanization eventual collapse
> Type I and Type of social system.
II Farming Systems
Economic >Disrupt the social > costs of health > poverty > results in both
Affects and economic care > barriers to the loss of income
structure and can > absenteeism healthcare access. and increased
impede > poverty spending on
development in the healthcare by the
affected household
communities
>Curtailing or
restricting travel
from countries
where a cholera
outbreak is
occurring,
restricting food
exports/imports.
Eradication >Lots of setbacks in > The body can't > research and its > The virus
problem the form of natural develop this same utilization gone into integrates into
disaster or war that immunity because a deep rut because long-lived immune
damages the malaria of lack of vision and system cells and
infrastructure and parasite innovation. remains dormant
leads to high-risk continually in those cells for
transmission changes. many years.
behaviors like >Resistance to > we don't have a
obtaining water drugs cure or a vaccine,
from unverified yet.
sources.
GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION:
CHOLERA: 2010-2015

MALARIA: 2019
TUBERCULOSIS: 2011

HIV/AIDS: 2018
REFERENCES
CHOLERA:

https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/illness.html

https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/cholera-faq#1

https://images.app.goo.gl/UE1UpfekNkdX7gx89

https://www.medicinenet.com/is_cholera_contagious/article.htm

https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/treatment/index.html

https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/preventionsteps.html

https://www.who.int/topics/cholera/impact/en/

https://www.who.int/topics/cholera/impact/en/

https://connectforwater.org/cholera-is-becoming-a-serious-problem-heres-why/

https://images.app.goo.gl/epuFf48ns2j4zeTk9

MALARIA:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8584/

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/malaria/symptoms-causes/syc-20351184

https://images.app.goo.gl/ALs2cnCEJqu6hw7F7

https://images.app.goo.gl/ha4XmREomBEKCozQ8

https://www.malariafreefuture.org/malaria

https://www.csis.org/blogs/smart-global-health/obstacles-eradicating-malaria

https://images.app.goo.gl/9QSgXgQnkDLHy9h46
TUBERCULOSIS:

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tuberculosis-tb/causes/

https://images.app.goo.gl/wFqhrrGkxtLxeQVE7

https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/howtbspreads.htm

https://www.tbalert.org/about-tb/what-is-tb/prevention/

https://blog.f1000.com/2018/07/17/biological-cultural-influences-affecting-prevalence-tuberculosis-uk/

https://www.longdom.org/open-access/are-why-tuberculosis-has-not-been-eradicated-need-for-vision-
and-boldinnovative-2155-9627-1000295.pdf

https://images.app.goo.gl/HbFJjPQMU68BCHcx7

HIV/AIDS:

https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/health-topics/hw151408

https://images.app.goo.gl/7f7Jq7PevSmaHoHp9

https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/hiv-transmission/ways-people-get-hiv.html

https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/hiv-treatment-basics

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2734113/

https://nursinganswers.net/essays/hiv-aids-effects-on-community-health-and-social-care-essay.php

https://www.aidsmap.com/about-hiv/search-hiv-cure