EXPERIMENT 3B  Converts harmful substances into useful

products like water and molecular oxygen

 Enzymes do not work alone. They usually
combine with other substances that will help
them function more effectively (Conjugated)
 Usually tertiary or quaternary
 Two Ways Enzymes React: Lock and Key Model
(very specific, only combine with molecules that
are specific to them), Induced Fit Model
(enzyme has its own ability to adjust and
conform to the shape of the active site)
PEPSIN
 It is a hydrolase – a class of enzyme that
requires water to perform its catalytic activity
 It is generally active in acidic environment (1.6 –
2.5)
 Its inactive form Pepsinogen (from Chief cells) is
converted to Pepsin with the help of HCl
secreted by Parietal cells in the stomach
 Works best at 37 degrees Celsius
 It is very specific in nature – will only react to
substances containing linkages with
aromatic/carboxylic linkages (e.g.
Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Leucine)
 Used to convert proteins into smaller peptides
 Cloudy solution and change in color = signs of
catalytic activity
 This activity shows how some enzymes need a
specific substance in order for it to be activated
(specifically HCl)
 Converts complex proteins into simple proteins
EXPERIMENT 3B
Temperature
 Temperature is directly proportional to the
activity of the enzyme. This is because
increasing the temp will increase the collision of
the molecules.
 In Fresh Salmon
pH
 Also directly proportional. However, they do not
have a general optimum pH.
 However, going beyond the optimum pH will
cause the enzyme to lose its catalytic activity.
Enzyme Concentration
 Directly proportional relationship. However,
after reaching the point of saturation, it will no
longer increase its enzyme activity.
Substrate Concentration
 It is directly proportional


SALIVARY AMYLASE

 Also a hydrolase enzyme that requires water in

converting complex carbs into smaller
fragments of sugar units
 Optimum pH of 7, Temp of 37 degree Celsius
 It is expected that the amylase has broken
down the starch into smaller sugar units. Thus,
the solution color should be lighter in color/ not
dark.

CATALASE

 It is part of the oxidoreductase – involved in

catalyzing the transfer of electrons from one
molecule to another (electron donor and
 H2O2 may cause abnormalities like cancer in
the body