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OCEÑA MARGARITO JR. O GENCHEM LEC LESSON 9 To 11 BS CRIM 3D
OCEÑA MARGARITO JR. O GENCHEM LEC LESSON 9 To 11 BS CRIM 3D
Score:_________
Class Schedule: GENCHEM LEC - WEDNESDAY 12:00-2:00PM
LESSON 9
CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS BY ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES
1. In what four classes can elements be sorted based on their electron
configuration?
Answer: The four classes that elements can be sorted based on their
electron configuration are noble gases, representative elements, transition metals
and inner transition metals.
Try this!
__D__ 1. Between groups llA and lllA, these are _____ in periods 4 through 7.
a. Halogens c. Inner transition elements
b. Not filled d. Transition metals
__D__ 2. An element in which the highest occupied s and p sublevels are filled
a. Alkali metal c. Representative element
b. Inner transition metal d. Noble- gas element
__A__ 3. Group A elements are representative elements
a. Always true
b. Sometimes true
c. Never true
4. Classify the element with each of the following electron configurations as a
representative element, transition element, noble gas, or inner transition element:
Electron Configuration Name of Classification
Element
a. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 11 Sodium Representative
(Na) Element
b. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 18 Argon (Ar) Noble Gas
c. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d7 27 Cobalt Transition Element
(Co)
d. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 35 Bromine Representative
3d10 4p5 (Br Element
Try this!
1. Classify each of the following elements as a noble gas, representative element,
transition element, inner-transition element.
a. 15 P - Answer: Representative Element
b. 18Ar - Answer: Noble Gas
c. 79 Au - Answer: Transition Element
d. 92 U - Answer: Inner Transition Element
e. 56 Ba - Answer: Representative Element
2. Classify the elements with each of the following electron configurations as a
representative element, transition element, noble gas, or inner-transition element.
Electron Configuration Name of Classification
Element
Try this!
The 118 atoms (symbol or element) are particles that cannot be seen by our
naked eyes. Likewise, atoms Na and Cl in NaCl, H and O in H 2O and a unit of the
chemical formula of sodium chloride and water are visible. The formation of the visible
table salt NaCl) and water (H2O) is due to the attraction of atoms to form ionic and
covalent compounds respectively. We use these raw materials not only in cooking our
viand at home but in many important purposes. How are these two important
compounds formed from their elemental state? Base from the figures below of NaCl
crystals and water in liquid form, answer the following questions:
Figure 1 Figure 2
1. What force of attraction (bond) that holds sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) atoms
in the NaCl crystal? Answer: Ionic Bond
2. What force of attraction (bond) that holds two atoms of Hydrogen (H) and O in
H2O molecules? Answer: Covalent Bond
3. What are the charges involve for the bond formation of NaCl and H 2O
structures? Answer: Ionic Bond
Table 1.
H 1 1s1 1 1 0 1
B 5 1s22s22p1 / 3 1 1 1
[He]2s22p1
C 6 1s22s22p2 / 4 4 0 4
[He]2s22p2
N 7 1s22s22p3 / 5 3 1 3
[He]2s22p3
O 8 1s22s22p4 / 6 2 2 2
[He]2s22p4
F 9 1s22s22p5 / 7 1 3 1
[He]2s22p5
1s22s22p63s2 3p5 /
[Ne]2s22p63s23p5
Cl 17 7 1 3 1
1s22s22p63s23p6
4s23d104p5 /
Br 35 7 1 3 1
[Ar]4s23d104p5
1s22s22p63s23p6
4s23d104p65s2
I 53 7 1 3 1
4d105p5 /
[Kr]4d105s25p5
S 16 1s22s22p63s23p4 / 6 2 2 2
[Ne]3s23p4
Answer as directed:
A. Describe the ionic bond formation of the following compounds: Example:
AlCl3
[Ne][Ar]
Number of electrons 13 17
Electron 2 1s s configuration1s 2s22p63s5
2 2
Note: The valence electron is equal to the no. of electrons it can loss to
achieve noble gas configuration (Octet rule) and equal to the number of positive
charges of the metal. On the other hand, the charge of the nonmetal is equal to the
number of electrons it can accept to achieve noble gas configuration (Octet rule). Apply
crisscross method in writing the f0rmula.
1H + 17 Cl → H. + . Cl → H..ClH – Cl
[He][Ar] [He] [Ar]
dot structure dash structure
Number of electrons: 1 17
2
Electron configuration: 1s1 2 2 6
1s 2s 2p 3s 5
Valence electron: 31
7 Lewis structure: p H.
Cl.
Electronegativity difference: (2.1-3.0 = 0.9)
Type of bond: polar covalent bond
Type of compound: covalent compound
Note: The number of lone pairs (unpaired electron) is equal to the number of covalent
bond (dash) an atom can hold.
CH4 C6= 1s2 2s2 2p2 C=4 2.55- C=6 COVA ALKANE/ORG
4+
=C H +
H1=1s1 H=1 2.2=0.35 H=1 LENT ANIC
SINGL COMPOUND
E
BOND
CO2 C6= 1s2 2s2 2p2 C=4 3.44- C=6 COVA INORGANIC
=C4+ O2- 2 2 4 0=6 2.55=0.8 O=8 LENT COUMPOUND
O8=1 s 2 s 2 p 9 DOUB
LE
BOND
C. Complete the table below to show the comparison of the general properties of ionic
and covalent compounds.
GENERAL PROPERTIES IONIC COMPOUND COVALENT COMPOUND
BOND DESCRIPTION BONDS ARE FORMED BETWEEN USUALLY OCCURS BETWEEN
METALS AND NONMETALS NONMETALS. THEY HAVE
BONDS WHERE ELECTRONS
SHARED BETWEEN ATOMS
BOILING POINT HIGH LOW
LESSON 11
METHOD OF WRITING CHEMICAL EQUATION
1. Given the ball-stick model of the molecules write the molecular formula of the
compound.
______
Answer: H = 2mol
O = 1mol
Think Ahead!
3. Solving Problems:
Answer:
1mol 2.9
C = 6.00g 2.01g = 2.9 = 0.25 = 12
1mol 1.49
H = 1.51g 1.008 g = 1.48 = 0.25 = 6
1mol 0.25
O = 4.0g 15.9 g = 0.25 = 0.25 = 1
Answer:
1 mol 0.6
K= 24.75g × =0.6= =1
39.1 g 0.6
1 mol 0.6
Mn= 34.77g× =0.6= =1
54.9 0.6
1mol 2.5
O= 40.51 g × =2.5= =4
15.9 0.6
The empirical formula is KMnO4 of the compound Potassium Permanganate
c.The molar mass of a sample is about 30g. What is its molecular formula when
the compound contains 6.444g Boron and 1.803g H.7
Answer:
1 mol 0.59
B= 6.444g × =0.59= =1
10.811 0.59
1 mol 1.7
H= 1.803g × =1.7= =3
1.008 g 0.59
The Empirical formula is BH3
d.Peroxyacylnitrate(PAN) is one of the components of smog. Determine the
following percent composition by mass of: 19.8% C; 2.40%H and 11.6%.
Answer: C=19.8%
H=2.40%
N=11.6%
O=?
15.99
O= ×100=9.8 %
162.23
The Molecular formula of Peroxyacylnitrate is C 2H3NO5
d. Nicotine, an alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants that is mainly
responsible for the addictive nature of cigarettes, contains 74.02% C, 8.710%
H, and 17.27% N. If 40.57 g of nicotine contains 0.2500 mol nicotine, what is
the molecular formula?
10× 12
Answer: C mass%= ×100=74.02
162
14.1
H mass%= ×100=8.7
162
2.14
N mass%= × 100=17.3
162
The molecular formula of Nicotine is C10H4N2