¿Do you know what a cylinder is?

A cylinder is a geometric body that is formed by a rectangle that rotates around one side of the
cylinder. In Mathematics, it is also defined as the cylindrical surface that forms when a line called a
generatriz rotates around another parallel line, which we call an axis.
To clarify this concept, we must consider whether we are talking about a solid cylinder, that is, a
geometric body. Or the surface of the cylinder we call a hollow cylinder. Here's an example:

Data and image taken from: https: www.smartick.es

https://www.smartick.es/blog/matematicas/geometria/cilindros/

On the left, we have an example of a solid cylinder, a candle. And on the right, a hollow cylinder,
like the toilet paper roll.

Cylinder Types
There are two types of cylinder:
Rectangular cylinder
When the cylinder axis is perpendicular to the bases.
Oblique cylinder
If the axis is not perpendicular to the bases.

Data and image taken from: https: //es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilindro

What are the elements of the cylinders?

we generate a cylinder by rotating a rectangle:
• The axis is the side of the rectangle that remains fixed on the turn.
• The bases are two circles, perpendicular to the axis. These are the lids that close the cylinder.
• Height is the distance between the two bases.
• Radius (r) is the length from the shaft to the end of the cylinder. Corresponds to the radius of the
base.

Imagen tomada de
https://www.problemasyecuaciones.com/geometria3D/cilindro/calculadora-area-volumen-
formulas-ejemplos-problemas.html

How is the área of a cylinder calculated

You have to consider the development of the cylinder and calculate the area of its parts, that is,
that of the rectangle and that of the two bases.

Rectangle Area s 2 × π × r × h
Base area - π × r2 (¡Remember it has two bases!)

Adding everything up we get the Area= 2 × π × r × h + 2 × π × r2

Área = 2 × π × r × (h + r)

Example of cylinder area

• Calculate the area of a cylinder radius 3 cm and height 60 mm.
In the first place, we must put both the radius and height in the same units. That's why we have to
pass the height from millimeters to centimeters. If you want you can see our post on length
measurement conversion problems that will help you refresh the memory to make the change of
units.

60mm x 6cm
Now, let's calculate the area of the rectangle that equals the side surface of the cylinder. As we
had indicated before its formula, we replaced it with the values of the cylinder

Rectangle area 2 × π × r × h
2 × 3.14 × 3 × 6 x 113.04 cm2
A then we have to calculate the area of the bases, which is equal to the area of a base, but by 2.
We take the formula that we had already indicated at the beginning and also replace the values:
Base area s 2 × π × r2
2 × 3.14 × 9 x 56.52 cm2
Y, to finish, we add the parts of the cylinder, that is, the side area that is the area of the rectangle
and the area of the bases:
Cylinder area s 2 × π × r × h 2 × π × r2
113,04 + 56,52 = 169,56 cm²
How is the cylinder volume calculated?
The volume is equal to the area of the base by the height, remember that we usually indicate the
height with the letter "h".
Volumen π × r2 × h

Example of cylinder volume

• Calculate the volume of a cylinder radius 5 cm and height 60 mm.
As indicated above, we must put both the radius and the height in the same units. We pass the
height from millimeters to centimeters:
60mm x 6cm
To calculate the base area we multiply by π the radius squared:

Base area - π × r2
3.14 × 25 x 78.50 cm2
And to find the volume of the cylinder we have to multiply the area of the base by 6 cm which is
what measures the height:
78.50 × 6 x 471 cm3

PROBLEMA

¿CARLOS HEARD HIS FRIEND ENRIQUE SAY THAT IN HIS HOUSE THEY ARE MAKING A TANK IN A
CYLINDRICAL WAY, WHICH DE BASA MEASURES 10 METERS AND HEIGHT 25 ENRIQUE ASKS WHAT
WOULD BE THE VOLUME OF THE CYLINDRICAL TANK? WHAT I LEAVE THOUGHT TO CARLOS

Reference

Datos e imagen tomada de: https://www.smartick.es/blog/matematicas/geometria/cilindros/

Imagen tomada de
https://www.problemasyecuaciones.com/geometria3D/cilindro/calculadora-area-volumen-
formulas-ejemplos-problemas.html

Datos e imagen tomada de: https: //es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilindro

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MdU1V7GiOlg