Advantages and disadvantages powder Metallurgy

Advantages
 Parts can be produced from high melting point refractory metals with respectively
less difficulty and at having a low cost.
 Production rates are quite higher even for complex parts primarily because of the
use of automated equipment in the process.
 Near net shape components are produced while the dimensional tolerances are
such that no further machining is needed while your scrap is almost negligible.
 Parts can have a variety of compositions. It is much easier to have parts of
desired mechanical and physical properties like density, hardness toughness,
stiffness, damping, and specific electrical or magnetic properties.
 Parts can also be produced with impregnation and infiltration of other materials to
obtain special characteristics needed for specific applications.
 Requirement of skilled machinists is much , so labor cost is low
 Parts with controlled porosity can be produced
 Bi-metallic products, sintered carbides and porous bearings can be produced
only by this process.

Disadvantages.

 Cost of metal powders are high as compared to raw material while some of them
are difficult to store having some deterioration.
 Tooling and equipment are high which particularly a limit when production
volumes are small.
 Large or complex shaped parts are difficult to produce by PM process.
 Lower ductility and strength cab be seen in parts than those produced by forging.
 Uniformly high – density products are difficult to produce.
 Some powders (such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium and zirconium) in a
finally divided state present can cause fire hazard and risk of explosion.
 Low melting point metal powders (such as of zinc, tin, cadmium) give thermal
difficulties while performing sintering operation, as most oxides of these metals
cannot be reduced at temperatures below the melting point.

 advantages and disadvantages of forging process

Advantages
 it is generally tougher than alternatives
 it Will handle impact better than castings
  The nature of forging excludes the presence of occurrence of porosity,
shrinkage, cavities and cold pour issues.
 The tight grain structure of forgings allows it to become mechanically strong.
There is much less need for expensive alloys to attain high strength
components.
 The tight grain structure provides great wear resistance without the need to
make products “super hard”.
 Low cost operation.
 Does not require skilled labor.
 Variety of shapes can be easily formed by this process.
Disadvantages
 Initial cost is high for big forging presses.
 Secondary finishing process are mandatory in hot forging.
 Complex shapes cannot be produced.
 Size limitation due to size of press.
 Metals that are brittle cannot be forged.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Different

Casting Processes
Advantages
 It can create any complex structure which are economically suitable.
 The size of object doesn’t matter for casting.
 The casting objects contain high compressive strength.
 All structure made by casting has wide range of properties.
 This can create an accurate object.
 All material can be cast.
 It creates isotropic structure.
 It is one of the cheapest method among all manufacturing processes.
 Composite component can be easily made by casting.
Disadvantages
 Surface finish operation are required as it has poor surface finish.
 Casting defects are involves in this process.
 It gives a low fatigue strength as compared to forging.
 It is not economical for mass production.