Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Course Contents:
EEE 205 Energy Conversion II
3 Credit Hours, 3 Contact Hours/Week
Synchronous generator: construction, armature (stator) and rotating field (exciter), excitation system with brushes and brushless
excitation system, cooling, generated voltage equation of distributed short pitched armature winding, armature winding connections
and harmonic cancellation in distributed short pitched winding, equivalent circuit, synchronous impedance, generated voltage and
terminal voltage, phasor diagram, voltage regulation with different power factor type loads, determination of synchronous
impedance by tests, phasor diagram, salient pole generator d-q axes parameters, equivalent circuit, generator equations,
determination of d-q axes parameters by tests, equation of developed power and torque of synchronous machines (salient and non-
salient pole motor and generator).
Parallel operation of generators: requirement of parallel operation, conditions, synchronizing, effect of synchronizing current,
hunting and oscillation, synchronoscope, phase sequence indicator, load distribution of alternators in parallel, droop setting,
frequency control, voltage control, house diagrams.
Synchronous Motors: construction, operation, starting, effect of variation of load at normal excitation, effect of variation of
excitations, V curves, inverted V curves and compounding curves, power factor adjustment, synchronous capacitor and power factor
correction.
DC motors: principle of operation, constructional features, back emf and torque equations, armature reaction and its effect on motor
performance, compensating winding, problems of commutation and their mitigations, types of dc motors and their torque speed
characteristics, starting and speed control of dc motors, applications of different types of dc motor.
Single Phase Induction Motor: operation, quadrature field theory, double revolving field theory, split phasing, starting methods,
equivalent circuit, torque-speed characteristic and performance calculation.
Introduction to photovoltaic systems.
Texts:
a) Electric Machinery Fundamentals by Stephen J. Chapman, McGraw-Hill, 5th Edition

References:
b) Alternating-Current Machines by A.F. Puchstein and T.C. Lloyd
c) Electric Machinery by Fitzerald & Kingsley, Jr. 5th Edition
d) Renewable Energy: Power for a sustainable future by Godfrey Boyle, Oxford Univ. Press, 2nd Edition
 Tentative Lecture Plan

Week Book/Section Topic Text/Ref

a/4 Synchronous Generators (pp. 191-270)
Synchronous Generator:
4.1 Synchronous Generator Construction
Construction, armature (stator) and rotating
The stator and rotor, brushless exciters
field (exciter), excitation system with brushes
4.2 The Speed of Rotation of a Synchronous Generator
and brushless excitation system, cooling,
4.3 The Internal Generated Voltage of a Synchronous Generator
generated voltage equation of distributed short
3.4 The Induced Voltage in a Coil on a Two-Pole Stator/
pitched armature winding, armature winding
The Induced Voltage in a Three-Phase Set of Coils/
connections and harmonic cancellation in
The RMS Voltage in a Three-Phase Stator
distributed short pitched winding, equivalent
4.4 The Equivalent Circuit of a Synchronous Generator
circuit, synchronous impedance, generated
Armature Reaction Component
voltage and terminal voltage, phasor diagram,
Self-Inductance and Resistance Components
voltage regulation with different power factor
Three Phase Terminal Voltages
type loads, determination of synchronous
Full Equivalent Circuit of a 3-phase Synchronous Generator
1 impedance by tests, phasor diagram, salient
4.5 The Phasor Diagram of a Synchronous Generator
2 pole generator d-q axes parameters, equivalent
Appendix B Sources of Harmonics and Harmonics Elimination
3 circuit, generator equations, determination of d-
4.6 Power and Torque in Synchronous Generators
4 q axes parameters by tests, equation of
The power-flow diagram of a Synchronous Generator
developed power and torque of synchronous
Appendix C Salient-Pole Theory of Synchronous Machines
machines (salient and non-salient pole motor
4.7 Measuring Synchronous Generator Model Parameters
and generator).
The Short-Circuit Ratio
4.8 Synchronous Generator Operating Alone
The Effect of Load Changes on a Synchronous Generator Operating Alone
Parallel Operation of Generators:
Requirement of parallel operation, conditions,
4.9 Parallel Operation of AC Generators -
synchronizing, effect of synchronizing current,
Advantages of Parallel Operation/ The Conditions Required for Paralleling/ The
hunting and oscillation, synchroscope, phase
General Procedure for Paralleling Generators/ Frequency-Power and Voltage-
sequence indicator, load distribution of
Reactive Power Characteristics of a Synchronous Generator/ Operation of
alternators in parallel, droop setting, frequency
Generators in Parallel with Large Power Systems/ Operation of Generators in
control, voltage control, house diagrams.
Parallel with Other Generators of the Same Size.
Additional: “Capability Curves”
4.11 Synchronous Generator Capability Curves (sub-sec of Synchronous Generator Ratings)
 a/5 Synchronous Motors (pp. 271-306)
5.1 Basic Principles of Motor Operation
The Equivalent Circuit of a Synchronous Motor/ The Synchronous Motor from a
Magnetic Field Perspective
Synchronous Motor:
5.2 Steady-State Synchronous Motor Operation
Construction, operation, starting, effect of
The Synchronous Motor Torque-Speed Characteristic Curve/ The Effect of Load
variation of load at normal excitation, effect of
5 Changes on a Synchronous Motor/ The Effect of Field Current Changes on a
variation of excitations, V curves, inverted V
Synchronous Motor (The V-Curves)/ The Synchronous Motor and Power Factor
curves and compounding curves, power factor
Correction/ The Synchronous Capacitor or Synchronous Condenser
adjustment, synchronous capacitor and power
5.3 Starting Synchronous Motors
factor correction.
Motor Starting by Reducing Electrical Frequency/ Motor Starting with an External
Prime Mover/ Motor Starting by Using Amortisseur Windings/ The Effect of
Amortisseur Windings on Motor Stability/ Super Synchronous Start
5.4 Synchronous Generators and Synchronous Motors
a/7 DC Machinery Fundamentals (pp. 404-463)
Fundamental Operating Principles
7.1 A Simple Rotating Loop Between Curved Pole Faces
The Voltage Induced in a Rotating Loop (Back Emf for Motor)
Getting DC Voltage Out of the Rotating Loop
The Induced Torque in the Rotating Loop
7.2 Commutation in a Simple 4-Loop DC Machine
The Voltage Induced in a Rotating Loop
7.3 Commutation and Armature Construction in Real DC Machines
DC Motor:
The Rotor Coils
Principle of operation, constructional features,
Connections to the Commutator Segments
back emf and torque equations, armature
The Lap Winding
reaction and its effect on motor performance,
The Wave Winding
compensating winding, problems of
6 The Frog-Leg Winding
commutation and their mitigations.
7 7.4 Problems with Commutation in Real Machines
8 Armature Reaction
L di/dt Voltages or Inductive Kick
Solutions to the Problems with Commutation (Brush Shifting/Commutating Poles or
Interpoles/Compensating Windings)
7.5 Internal Generated Voltage & Induced Torque Equation of Real DC Machines
7.6 The Construction of DC Machines
7.7 Power Flow and Losses in DC Machines
The Power-Flow Diagrams
 a/8 DC Motors (pp. 464-526)
8.1 Introduction to DC Motors: Types
8.2 The Equivalent Circuit of a DC Motor
8.3 The Magnetization Curve of a DC Machine
8.4 Separately Excited and Shunt DC Motors
The Terminal Characteristic of a Shunt DC Motor
Speed Control of Shunt DC Motors
The Effect of an Open Field Circuit
8.5 The Permanent-Magnet DC Motor DC Motor (continued):
8.6 The Series DC Motor Types of dc motors and their torque speed
Induced Torque in a Series DC Motor characteristics, starting and speed control of dc
The Terminal Characteristic of a Series DC Motor motors, applications of different types of dc
Speed Control of Series DC Motors motor.
8.7 The Compounded DC Motor
Torque- Speed Characteristic of Cumulatively/Differentially Compounded DC Motor
Speed Control in the Compounded DC Motor
8.8 DC Motor Starters
DC Motor Problems on Starting
DC Motor Starting Circuits
8.9 The Ward-Leonard System and Solid-State Speed Controllers
8.10 DC Motor Efficiency Calculations
a/9 Single-Phase and Special-Purpose Motors (pp. 565-612)
9.1 The Universal Motor
Applications of Universal Motors
9.2 Introduction to Single-Phase Induction Motors Additional: “Universal Motor”
9
The Double-Revolving-Field Theory of Single-Phase Induction Motors/ The Cross-Field
Theory of Single-Phase Induction Motors Single Phase Induction Motor:
10
9.3 Starting Single-Phase Induction Motors Operation, quadrature field theory, double
Split-Phase Windings/ Capacitor-Start Motors/ Permanent Split-Capacitor and revolving field theory, split phasing, starting
11
Capacitor-Start, Capacitor-Run Motors/ Shaded-Pole Motors/ Comparison of methods, equivalent circuit, torque-speed
Single-Phase Induction Motors characteristic and performance calculation.
9.4 Speed Control of Single-Phase Induction Motors
9.5 The Circuit Model of a Single-Phase Induction Motor
Circuit Analysis with the Single-Phase Induction Motor Equivalent Circuit
12 RE:
13 Introduction to photovoltaic systems.
14 Review

Note:
1) In the last column, green colored: covered by text book “a”
2) In the last column, white colored: not covered by text book “a”; may be covered by “b”
3) PV part detail later.
Marks Distribution:
1. Attendance : 10%
2. Class test and assignment : 20%
3. Final Exam : 70%

Course Teacher:
Yeasir Arafat
Associate Professor
Dept. of EEE, BUET
Office: 229, ECE Building, West Palashi, Dhaka-1205
Phone: 01552329234 (c), 9665650/6161 (office)
Email: arafat@eee.buet.ac.bd, arafat@ieee.org