==Practice ==

SET

8. Joe uses 1/4 of 360, or 90 gallons, during the first week. He has 270 gallons remaining
(360 –90 = 270).
During the second week, Joe uses 1/5 of the remaining 270 gallons, which is 54 gallons.
Therefore, Joe has used 144 gallons of paint by the end of the second week (90 + 54 = 144).
The correct answer is B.

9. One way to do this problem is to recognize that the star earned $8M more ($32M - $24M
= $8M) when her film grossed $40M more ($100M - $60M = $40M). She wants to earn
$40M on her next film, or $8M more than she earned on the more lucrative of her other
two films. Thus, her next film would need to gross $40M more than $100M, or $140M.

Alternatively, we can solve this problem using algebra. The star's salary consists of a
fixed amount and a variable amount, which is dependent on the gross revenue of the film.
We know what she earned for two films, so we can set up two equations, where f is her
fixed salary and p is her portion of the gross, expressed as a decimal:

She earned $32 million on a film that grossed $100 million: $32M = f + p($100M)
She earned $24 million on a film that grossed $60 million: $24M = f + p($60M)

We can solve for p by subtracting the second equation from the first:
    $32M = f + p($100M)
– [$24M = f + p($60M)]
      $8M = p($40M)
        0.2 = p

We can now plug in 0.2 for p in either of the original equations to solve for f:
$32M = f + 0.2($100M)
$32M = f + $20M
$12M = f

Now that we know her fixed salary and the percentage of the gross earnings she receives,
we can rewrite the formula for her total earnings as:
Total earnings = $12M + 0.2(gross)

Finally, we just need to figure out how much gross revenue her next film needs to
generate in order for her earnings to be $40 million:
$40M = $12M + 0.2(gross)
$28M = 0.2(gross)
$28M/0.2 = $140M = gross

The correct answer is D.

10. I. UNCERTAIN: It depends on how many bicycles Norman sold.

For example, if x = 4, then Norman earned $44 [= $20 + (4 × $6)] last week. In order to
double his earnings, he would have to sell a minimum of 9 bicycles this week (y = 9), making
$92 [= $20 + (6 × $6) + (3 × $12)]. In that case, y > 2x.

However, if x = 6 and y = 11, then Norman would have earned $56 [= $20 + (6 × $6)] last
week and $116 [= $20 + (6 × $6) + (5 × $12)] this week. In that case, $116 > 2 × $56, yet y <
2x.

So, it is possible for Norman to more than double his earnings without selling twice as many
bicycles.

II. TRUE: In order to earn more money this week, Norman must sell more bicycles.

III. TRUE: If Norman did not sell any bicycles at all last week (x = 0), then he would have
earned the minimum fixed salary of $20. So he must have earned at least $40 this week. If y
= 3, then Norman earned $38 [= $20 + (3 × $6)] this week. If y = 4, then Norman earned $44
[= $20 + (4 × $6)] this week. Therefore, Norman must have sold at least 4 bicycles this week,
which can be expressed y > 3.

The correct answer is D.

11. In order to determine the greatest number of points that an individual player might have
scored, assume that 11 of the 12 players scored 7 points, the minimum possible. The 11
low scorers would therefore account for 7(11) = 77 points out of 100. The number of
points scored by the twelfth player in this scenario would be 100 – 77 = 23.

The correct answer is E.