listing 1

int *p;

listing 2
float *p;

listing 3
int *ip; // pointer to integers

double *dp; // pointer to doubles

listing 4
balptr = &balance;

listing 5
value = *balptr;

listing 6
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
int balance;
int *balptr;
int value;

balance = 3200;
balptr = &balance;
value = *balptr;
cout << "balance is: " << value << '\n';

return 0;
}

listing 7
int *p;
double f;
// ...
p = &f; // ERROR

listing 8
int *p ;
double f;
// ...
p = (int *) &f; // Now technically OK

listing 9
// This program will not work right.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
double x, y;
int *p;

x = 123.23;
p = (int *) &x; // use cast to assign double * to int *
 y = *p; // What will this do?
cout << y; // What will this print?

return 0;
}

listing 10
*p = 101;

listing 11
(*p)++;

listing 12
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
int *p, num;

p = &num;

*p = 100;
cout << num << ' ';
(*p)++;
cout << num << ' ';
(*p)--;
cout << num << '\n';

return 0;
}

listing 13
p1++;

listing 14
p1--;

listing 15
p1 = p1 + 9;

listing 16
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
int *i, j[10];
double *f, g[10];
int x;

i = j;
f = g;

for(x=0; x<10; x++)

cout << i+x << ' ' << f+x << '\n';

return 0;
}

listing 17
char str[80];
char *p1;

p1 = str;

listing 18
str[4]

listing 20
// Tokenizing program: pointer version.
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
char str[80];
char token[80];
char *p, *q;

cout << "Enter a sentence: ";

gets(str);

p = str;

// Read a token at a time from the string.

while(*p) {
q = token; // set q pointing to start of token

/* Read characters until either a space or the

null terminator is encountered. */
while(*p!=' ' && *p) {
*q = *p;
q++; p++;
}
if(*p) p++; // advance past the space
*q = '\0'; // null terminate the token
cout << token << '\n';
}

return 0;
}

listing 21
// Tokenizing program: array-indexing version.
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
char str[80];
char token[80];
int i, j;

cout << "Enter a sentence: ";

 gets(str);

// Read a token at a time from the string.

for(i=0; ; i++) {
/* Read characters until either a space or the
null terminator is encountered. */
for(j=0; str[i]!=' ' && str[i]; j++, i++)
token[j] = str[i];

token[j] = '\0'; // null terminate the token

cout << token << '\n';
if(!str[i]) break;
}

return 0;
}

listing 22
// Indexing a pointer like an array.

#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
char str[20] = "hello tom";
char *p;
int i;

p = str;

// index a pointer
for(i=0; p[i]; i++) p[i] = toupper(p[i]);
cout << p; // display the string

return 0;
}

listing 23
int num[10];
int i;

for(i=0; i<10; i++) {

*num = i; // this is OK
num++; // ERROR -- cannot modify num
}

listing 24
*(num+3) = 100; // This is OK because num is not changed

listing 25
cout << strlen("C++ Compiler");

listing 26
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
char *s;

s = "Pointers are fun to use.\n";

cout << s;

return 0;
}

listing 27
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
int num[10];
int *start, *end;

start = num;
end = &num[9];

while(start <= end) {

cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> *start;
start++;
}
start = num; /* reset the starting pointer */
while(start <= end) {
cout << *start << ' ';
start++;
}

return 0;
}

listing 28
int *pi[10];

listing 29
int var;

pi[2] = &var;

listing 30
*pi[2]

listing 31
char *fortunes[] = {
"Soon, you will come into some money.\n",
"A new love will enter your life.\n",
"You will live long and prosper.\n",
"Now is a good time to invest for the future.\n",
"A close friend will ask for a favor.\n"
};

listing 32
cout << fortunes[1];
listing 33
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;

char *fortunes[] = {
"Soon, you will come into some money.\n",
"A new love will enter your life.\n",
"You will live long and prosper.\n",
"Now is a good time to invest for the future.\n",
"A close friend will ask for a favor.\n"
};

int main()
{
int chance;

cout << "To see your fortune, press a key: ";

// randomize the random number generator

while(!kbhit()) rand();

cout << '\n';

chance = rand();
chance = chance % 5;
cout << fortunes[chance];

return 0;
}

listing 34
// A simple C++ keyword synopsis program.

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

char *keyword[][2] = {
"for", "for(initialization; condition; increment)",
"if", "if(condition) ... else ...",
"switch", "switch(value) { case-list }",
"while", "while(condition) ...",
// add the rest of the C++ keywords here
"", "" // terminate the list with nulls
};

int main()
{
char str[80];
int i;

cout << "Enter keyword: ";

cin >> str;

// display syntax
for(i=0; *keyword[i][0]; i++)
if(!strcmp(keyword[i][0], str))
 cout << keyword[i][1];

return 0;
}

listing 35
float *p = 0; // p is now a null pointer

listing 36
if(p) // succeeds if p is not null

if(!p) // succeeds if p is null

listing 37
int **balance;

listing 38
// Multiple indirection.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
int x, *p, **q;

x = 10;
p = &x;
q = &p;

cout << **q; // prints the value of x

return 0;
}

listing 39
// This program is wrong.
int main(){
int x, *p;

x = 10;
*p = x; // where does p point?

return 0;
}

listing 40
char s[80];
char y[80];
char *p1, *p2;

p1 = s;
p2 = y;
if(p1 < p2) . . .

listing 41
int first[10];
int second[10];

int *p, t;
p = first;
for(t=0; t<20; ++t) {
*p = t;
p++;
}

listing 42
// This program is wrong.

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
char s[80];
char *p1;

p1 = s;

do {
cout << "Enter a string: ";
gets(p1); // read a string
// print the ASCII values of each character
while(*p1) cout << (int) *p1++ << ' ';
cout << '\n';
} while(strcmp(s, "done"));

return 0;
}

listing 43
// This program is correct.

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
char s[80];
char *p1;

do {
p1 = s; // reset p1 each time through the loop

cout << "Enter a string: ";

gets(p1); // read a string
// print the ASCII values of each character
while(*p1) cout << (int) *p1++ << ' ';
cout << '\n';
} while(strcmp(s, "done"));

return 0;
}