SOLUTION: SN

span L = 21.34 m
wSD = 3.65 kN/m
wL = 1,915.00 Pa
Concrete:
f' c = 34.50 Mpa Ic = 2.49E+06 cm4
f' ci = 24.10 Mpa = 2.49E+10 mm 4
wconc = 2,400.00 kg/m3 r2 = Ic / A c
Eci = wc1.5 0.043 (f'ci)0.5 = 62,752.02 mm 2
= 24,819.55 Mpa cb = 558.00 mm
1.5 0.5 t
Ec = wc 0.043 (f'c) c = 255.00 mm
= 29,695.79 Mpa Sb = 44,520.00 cm3
wD = 7.20 kN/m = 4.45E+07 mm 3
MD = wD L2 / 8 St = 97,670.00 cm3
= 409.86 kNm = 9.77E+07 mm 3
2
Ac = 3,968.00 cm emid = 476.00 mm
2
= 396,800.00 mm eend = 329.69 mm (12.98")
V/S = 1.69
Tendons:
f pu = 1,861.59 Mpa Eps = 193,100.00 Mpa
f py = 0.85fpu Mpa Asingle tendon = 98.71 mm 2
= 1,582.35 Mpa Ntendons = 12.00
f pi = 0.7fpu Mpa Aps = NtendonsAsingle tendon
= 1,303.11 Mpa = 1,184.51 mm 2
Stage 1: Stress Transfer
a. Elastic Shortening (ES) at critical section
critical at = 0.4 L (ecrit - eend) (emid - eend) ratio and prop
=
= 8.536 m 0.40 L 0.50 L
MD,crit = wD ( x / 2 ) ( L - x ) ecrit = eend + 0.4L (emid - eend) / 0.5L
= 393.46 kNm = 446.74 mm
fpi, net = fpi - (ΔfpES + ΔfpR) ΔfpES + ΔfpR = 0.072 f pi (assumption)

= 1,209.29 Mpa = 93.82 MPa

Pi = Aps fpi, net ni = Eps / Eci
= 1,432.42 kN = 7.78

,
fcs = − 1+ +

= -8.03 MPa
ΔfpES = ni fcs
= 62.49 MPa
b. Steel-Stress Relaxation
fpy = 230,000.00 psi f'pi = fpi, net
 fpu = 1,861.59 Mpa = 1,209.29 Mpa
= 270,000.00 psi = 175,392.00 psi
ΔfpR = f'pi (log t / 10)(f'pi/fpy - 0.55) t = 18.00 hrs
= 4,680.13 psi
= 32.27 Mpa
Checking between actual and assumption
ΔfpES + ΔfpR = 62.49 + 32.27
= 94.76 Mpa assumption is OK
c. Creep Loss (CR)
ΔfpCR = n KCR ( fcs - fcsd)
= 0.00 MPa
d. Shrinkage Loss (SH)
ΔfpSH = 8.2 x 10-6 KSH Eps ( 1 - 0.06 V/S )(100-RH)
= 0.00 Mpa
Stage 1 total losses is:
ΔfpT = ΔfpES + ΔfpR + ΔfpCR +ΔfpSH
= 94.76 Mpa
Stage 2: Transfer to Placement of Topping after 30 days
a. Creep Loss (CR)
n = Eps / Ec MSD = wSD ( x / 2 ) ( L - x )
= 6.50260552 = 199.46 kNm
fcsd = MSD ecrit / Ic KCR = 2.00 pretensioned

= 3.58 Mpa fcs = 8.03 MPa (absolute value)

ΔfpCR = n KCR ( fcs - fcsd)
= 57.91 Mpa
b. Shrinkage Loss (SH)
KSH = 1.00 pretensioned beam Eps = 193,100.00 Mpa
V/S = 1.69 Assume RH = 70 %
-6
ΔfpSH = 8.2 x 10 KSH Eps ( 1 - 0.06 V/S )(100-RH)
= 42.69 Mpa
c. Steel Relaxation at 30 Days
t1 = 18.00 hrs f'pi = fpi, net
t2 = 30 days = 1,209.29 Mpa
= 720.00 hrs = 175,392.00 psi
fpy = 230,000.00 psi
ΔfpR = f'pi [(log t2 - log t1) / 10](f'pi/fpy - 0.55)
= 5,973.08 psi
= 41.18 Mpa
Stage 2 total losses is:
ΔfpT = ΔfpR + ΔfpCR +ΔfpSH
= 141.78 Mpa
Stage 3: at End of Two years
 t1 = 30 days
= 720.00 hrs f'pi = fpe
t2 = 2 years = 1,062.44 Mpa
= 17,520.00 hrs = 154,093.11 psi
fpy = 230,000.00 psi
ΔfpR = f'pi [(log t2 - log t1) / 10](f'pi/fpy - 0.55)
= 2,562.61 psi
= 17.67 Mpa
Summary of Stresses
Stress level at various stages Steel Stress, Mpa Percent
After tensioning (0.70 f pu) 1,303.11 100.00%
Elastic shortening loss -62.49 -4.80%
Creep loss -57.91 -4.44%
Shrinkage loss -42.69 -3.28%
Relaxation stage 1 -32.27 -2.48%
Relaxation stage 2 -41.18 -3.16%
Relaxation stage 3 -17.67 -1.36%

Final net stress fpe 1,048.90 80.49%

SOLUTION: SN 0
span L = 21.34 m
wSD = 3.65 kN/m
wL = 1,915.00 Pa
Concrete:
f' c = 34.50 Mpa Ic = 2.49E+06 cm4
f' ci = 24.10 Mpa = 2.49E+10 mm 4
wconc = 2,400.00 kg/m3 r
2
= Ic / A c
Eci = wc1.5 0.043 (f'ci)0.5 = 62,752.02 mm 2
= 24,819.55 Mpa cb = 558.00 mm
1.5 0.5 t
Ec = wc 0.043 (f'c) c = 255.00 mm
= 29,695.79 Mpa Sb = 44,520.00 cm3
wD = 7.20 kN/m = 4.45E+07 mm 3
MD = wD L2 / 8 t
S = 97,670.00 cm3
= 409.86 kNm = 9.77E+07 mm 3
Ac = 3,968.00 cm2 emid = 476.00 mm
2
= 396,800.00 mm eend = 329.69 mm (12.98")
V/S = 1.69
Tendons:
f pu = 1,861.59 Mpa Eps = 193,100.00 Mpa
f py = 0.85fpu Mpa Asingle tendon = 98.71 mm 2
= 1,582.35 Mpa Ntendons = 12.00
f pi = 0.7fpu Mpa Aps = NtendonsAsingle tendon
= 1,303.11 Mpa = 1,184.51 mm 2
Anchorage Seating Loss
ΔA = 0.25 in
= 6.35 mm
ΔfpA = ΔA Eps / L
= 57.46 Mpa
Elastic Shortening:
ΔfpES = ni fcs
= 0.00 MPa, since all jacks are simultaneously post-tensioned
Frictional Loss:
span L = 70.01 ft emid = 18.73 in
fpu = 270,000.00 psi eend = 12.98 in
fpi = 1,303.11 MPa y = emid - eend
= 189,000.00 psi = 5.75 in
K = 0.0010 from table x=L = 70.01 ft
μ = 0.2500 from table α = 8y/x
= 0.0548 radian
ΔfpF = fpi ( μ α + KL )
= 15,819.50 psi
 = 109.07 Mpa
The stress remaining after all initial instantaneous losses is
fpi, remaining = fpi - ΔfpA + ΔfpES +ΔfpF Pi = Aps fpi, remaining
= 1,136.58 Mpa = 1,346.29 kN

Stage 1: Stress Transfer

a. Anchorage Seating Loss
ΔfpA = ΔA Eps / L fpi, net = fpi - ΔfpA
= 57.46 Mpa = 1,245.65 Mpa
b. Steel-Stress Relaxation
fpy = 230,000.00 psi f'pi = fpi, net
fpu = 1,861.59 Mpa = 1,245.65 Mpa
= 270,000.00 psi = 180,666.21 psi
ΔfpR = f'pi (log t / 10)(f'pi/fpy - 0.55) t = 18.00 hrs
= 5,340.91 psi
= 36.82 Mpa
c. Creep Loss (CR)
ΔfpCR = n KCR ( fcs - fcsd)
= 0.00 MPa
d. Shrinkage Loss (SH)
ΔfpSH = 8.2 x 10-6 KSH Eps ( 1 - 0.06 V/S )(100-RH)
= 0.00 Mpa
Stage 1 total losses is:
ΔfpT = ΔfpA + ΔfpR + ΔfpCR +ΔfpSH
= 151.74 Mpa
The stress remaining after stage 1 is
fpi, stage 1 = fpi,remaining - ΔfpR + ΔfpCR +ΔfpSH Pi = Aps fpi, stage 1
= 1,099.75 Mpa = 1,302.67 kN
Stage 2: Transfer to Placement of Topping after 30 days
a. Creep Loss (CR)
(ecrit - eend) (emid - eend) ratio and prop x = 0.4 L
=
0.40 L 0.50 L = 8.536 m
ecrit = eend + 0.4L (emid - eend) / 0.5L MSD = wSD ( x / 2 ) ( L - x )
= 446.74 mm = 199.46 kNm
n = Eps / Ec KCR = 1.60 post-tensioned

= 6.50260552 MD,crit = wD ( x / 2 ) ( L - x )
Pi = 1,302.67 kN = 393.46 kNm
fcsd = MSD ecrit / Ic
= 3.58 Mpa

,
fcs = − 1+ +
 = 6.66 MPa (absolute value)
ΔfpCR = n KCR ( fcs - fcsd)
= 32.11 Mpa
b. Shrinkage Loss (SH)
KSH = 0.58 from table post-tensioned Eps = 193,100.00 Mpa
V/S = 1.69 Assume RH = 70 %
-6
ΔfpSH = 8.2 x 10 KSH Eps ( 1 - 0.06 V/S )(100-RH)
= 24.76 Mpa
c. Steel Relaxation at 30 Days
t1 = 18.00 hrs f'pi = fpi, stage 1
t2 = 30 days = 1,099.75 Mpa
= 720.00 hrs = 159,505.80 psi
fpy = 230,000.00 psi
ΔfpR = f'pi [(log t2 - log t1) / 10](f'pi/fpy - 0.55)
= 3,667.06 psi
= 25.28 Mpa
Stage 2 total losses is:
ΔfpT = ΔfpR + ΔfpCR +ΔfpSH
= 82.15 Mpa
Stage 3: at End of Two years
t1 = 30 days
= 720.00 hrs f'pi = fpe
t2 = 2 years = 1,062.44 Mpa
= 17,520.00 hrs = 154,093.11 psi
fpy = 230,000.00 psi
ΔfpR = f'pi [(log t2 - log t1) / 10](f'pi/fpy - 0.55)
= 2,562.61 psi
= 17.67 Mpa
Summary of Stresses
Stress level at various stages Steel Stress, Mpa Percent
After tensioning (0.70 f pu) 1,303.11 100.00%
Elastic shortening loss 0.00 0.00%
Anchorage loss -57.46 -4.41%
Frictional loss -109.07 -8.37%
Creep loss -32.11 -2.46%
Shrinkage loss -24.76 -1.90%
Relaxation stage 1 -36.82 -2.83%
Relaxation stage 2 -25.28 -1.94%
Relaxation stage 3 -17.67 -1.36%

Final net stress fpe 999.94 76.73%