DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING

ASSIGNMENT
Course Title: FMT-2
Course Code: Tex 3013
Topics name: special weaving machine
Submitted To: Mumtahina riza

SUMITTED BY

TASNIM AKTER TAMANNA

I D:2018000400112

BATCH:37TH
SECTION:02
 Special weaving machine
Introduction
Special machinery is unique in its design and construction... For some applications machinery
may comprise hundreds or thousands of components, making project management a
complicated process. Workplan provides erp solutions designed specifically for custom
manufacture.
Weaving machines used for manufacturing terry fabrics, double velvets and narrow fabrics are
categorized in special weaving machines. Some of the examples of such machines are terry
weaving machines, double velvet weaving machines, ribbon weaving machines etc.
FABRIC WEAVING
This definition identifies the weaving machines equipped with particular devices to permit the
production of particular types of fabrics. We shall handle here terry fabrics, double velvets, and
narrow fabrics weaving machines.

Double velvet weaving machines:

Features of velvet weaving machine:

 While loop pile velvets are produced with wire weaving technique, which is quite labor
intensive, cut pile velvets are produced on particular machines which permit to obtain
two pieces of fabric at the same time.
 These machines are equipped with a 3 position shedding device (dobby or Jacquard
machine), so as to form two overlapped and properly spaced out sheds and to permit to
 the pile warp to tie up the two fabrics together. Into each of the two shed a weft is
inserted, usually by means of a pair of superimposed rods driven by the same gear.
 The pile warp is subsequently cut directly on the machine through a blade with
horizontal traverse motion, thus forming the pile on both fabrics, which are then wound
up separately. This system is largely used today owing to its high performance.

High-end velvet & carpet weaving machines from Van de Wiele

For the first time Van de Wiele will show its velvet weaving machine in an exhibition in India.
The market for high-end upholstery fabrics is growing and Van de Wiele offers the perfect
solution with the Velvet Tronic VTR33 in Italian velvet execution with 74 warp ends per cm (25
pile warp ends and 49 ground warp ends per cm and fabric). The VTR33 is equipped with a 1728
pile dents reed of for a finished fabric width of 140 cm. In each reed dent 2 pile warp ends and
8 ground warp ends are drawn in. In combination with a filling selector of 2 x 6 colours this
results in high-end Italian velvet combining pile surfaces with flat woven effects in all kind of
weave structures including figured double cloth in the flat woven areas. Both pile and ground
warp yarns are controlled by the new LJV electronic jacquard especially developed for face-to-
face velvet. As the VTR33 is a face-to-face weaving machine producing simultaneously two
fabrics, the production capacity is high.

Jacquard for face-to-face Italian velvet:

• From fashionable modern upholstery, car & bus velvets, garment velvets up to technical
fabrics, numerous velvet applications woven on Velvet Tronic VR23 in dobby execution and
VTR33 in jacquard execution are on display.

• Presented for the first time during ITMA Munich, the Carpet & Rug Pioneer CRP92 is state-of-
the-art in face-to-face carpet weaving machines. The CRP92 is designed for high productivity
and flexibility, new carpet qualities and low maintenance cost. The CRP 92 is producing 20%
more than any other weaving machine. To complete the range of Carpet & Rug Pioneers, a 5 m
width machine has been developed and installed recently for weaving wall-to-wall carpets as
well as area rugs.

• High quality hand look carpets with a crystal sharp design in a reed density of 700 dents/m in
8 colour frames with a hand knotted carpet backside are displayed. Just like in the hand knotted
carpets, no warp yarns are visible at the backside of the carpet when woven on the Hand Look
HLX83.

• Super Shaggy long pile area rugs, up to 2 x 70 mm pile height, woven on the Shaggy Rug
Pioneer SRP92, are introduced to the carpet weavers. Artificial grass, woven on SRP92 with
patented weave structures in W, for good pile fixation without backsizing, is displayed on ITMA
Asia. The SRP92 is also built in 5 m width to weave eg, artificial grass in 15’ pile width.

• Combining high cut pile and high loop pile, rugs with a rich texture woven on the Universal
Shaggy-loop Pioneer USP93, are on display.

• Numerous samples displayed on the booth will demonstrate the advantages of the MAX63,
both for contract wall-to-wall carpet as for area rugs. The Master in Axminster MAX63 is
designed to weave at high industrial speed of 160 rpm and up to 16 colour frames without
incorporated pile.

Application of velvet weaving machine

FLOOR
Van de Wiele, as a world leader in face-to-face carpet weaving, has gained big experience and
knowledge throughout the years. The full range of carpet qualities is covered by our weaving
and tufting machines, from economical qualities to very high densities. Van de Wiele provides
innovative textile systems for the complete cycle from granulate to carpet, starting with the
extrusion and heatsetting of BCF yarns and ending with the weaving or the tufting.

Wire wilton qualities in airplanes or offices, Axminster woven carpets in hotels, tufted carpets in
cruise ships, woven or tufted carpet in the entrance hall of a building or a cozy carpet or rug in
your house:

Home
When we speak of home textile, this can mean upholsterylike seat covering and curtains, but
automotive, Italian or free design velvet, shadow velvet, velvet with reflect warp,... also belong
to this category.

Depending on our customer’s goals and markets, these products can be woven on both plain
and jacquard velvet weaving machines.
FASHION
Belgian fashion designers are famous worldwide for being creative directors of fashion houses.
Most of the Van de Wiele machines are also designed, developed and assembled in Flanders,
Terry weaving machines:
For the production of terry fabrics, following machines are used: rapier, projectile or even air jet
machines.

Fig: terry weaving machine

Features of terry weaving machine:

These machines differ from the standard machines for plain fabric production owing to
following features:
1.Double bearing, to house two beams: the ground warp beam, generally situated down, and
the loop yarn beam, in an upper position in order not to increase floor space requirement, even
when using large diameter beams;
2.double warp let-off electronic motions with auxiliary motors electrically connected to the
driving motor of the cloth take-up roller and controlled by the machine’s PLC;
3.Loop formation mechanism: this device permits to close up the wefts to the cloth formation
edge during the first two or three insertions, however without tightening them completely
(short stroke or pre-strokes), and to produce their definite tightening against the cloth together
with the third or fourth weft (long or loop stroke), with subsequent formation of the loop by
the effect warp. The distance of the wefts closed up to the cloth formation edge (pre-stroke
length) gives rise to the loop height. This last can present maximum values ranging, depending
on the manufacturer, from 19 to 25 mm, corresponding to maximum loop height between 9
and 12.5 mm;
4.Electronic microprocessor controlled device: this permits to program the formation of the
various effects (high loop, low loop, the absence of loop, fringes) by means of an automatic
control of the related mechanisms. Moreover, it permits to program the manufacture of single
towels or of towel sets in a prearranged number and to execute on each of them a sequence of
motifs. The sequence can be programmed at will, according to one’s own needs, or can be
chosen out of a series of programmed sequences.

The loop forming mechanisms mostly in use are based on the principle of causing a shifting of
the fabric and of the warp, so as to modify the position between the stroking reed and the
fabric formation edge.
The reed maintains a regular movement, whereas the fabric edge is displaced periodically from
the stroke point through the horizontal shogging of the temples, of the cloth diverting beam
and of the backrest roller. Thus two or three pre-strokes followed by a looping stroke are
produced, with the consequent formation of the loops.

Technology for better pile qualityZAX9200i-Terry AIR JET LOOM

With the newly designed air jet loom, anyone can easily weave high-quality fabric using
Tsudakoma's expertise. In pursuit of the ultimate user-friendly loom, the ZAX9200i Air Jet Loom
was developed. TSUDAKOMA's terry-weaving know-how is integrated into the basic capacity of
the ZAX9200i. The ZAX9200i -Terry is the exclusive terry-weaving air jet loom with upgraded
electric components for enhanced fabric quality.
The ZAX9200i -Terry is the exclusive terry-weaving air jet loom for the next era. We provide the
ZAX9200i -Terry with the "Weave Navigation® System-Ⅱ" to support terry weaving. The
ZAX9200i -Terry combines the ultra high-speed of the ZAX9200i with the largest accumulation
of terry-weaving know-how in the world. The "Versa-Terry System" which is state of the art
technology of TSUDAKOMA's terry weaving, realizes the stable weaving of high quality towel.
Air consumption was also reduced appreciably compared with our conventional model.
Outstanding ultra high-speed and low vibration
High productivity is an essential factor for air jet looms. The ZAX9200i -Terry enjoys a synergy of
weaving geometry optimized for a smooth warp shed, the world's best weft insertion system,
and a newly designed robust structure.

New low-inertia ETS

A newly designed low-inertia motor is employed. Thanks to its small internal inertia, higher
speed is attained.
Higher operability
The pile yarn route is improved. The open space below the pile beam is wider. This makes
operation in repairing warp breakage and in tying easier.

ETS Electronic Terry System:

MPC Multiple Pile-Cycle terry
For the ZAX9200i-Terry, 31 kinds of pile heights can be set, and specially designed towel, such
as 2-height pile and wave pile, can be easily woven. In addition, the terry cycle is
programmable. Not only three-pick terry but any-pick terry can be set. This MPC Multiple Pile-
Cycle terry greatly increases the flexibility of towel designs.
Improvement of quality, touch and feel
Each operation of the loose pick and the fast pick can be set to easily improve the quality, touch
and feel of the towels.
Easy style change
The pile height and pile cycle can be changed easily on the Navi-board, and style changes
become simpler.
 Multiple pile-cycle towel Multiple pile-heig ht towel

The change of the pile height can be carried out easily. It simplifies the weight controlfor towel.
With the new EPRC Electronic Pile Ratio Control, continuous production of constant-weight
towel is possible

Ribbon weaving machines:

Fig:Ribbon machine

Features of ribbon weaving machine:

1.The name ribbons identify fabrics usually with a minimum width between 5 and 20 mm. They
are produced today on particular multi-head machines with 2 to 12 heads, which are
interchangeable at will and thus permit weaving several ribbons at the same time. The
warpthreads can be fed by beams or by a bobbin creel.
2.The shed is formed by frames driven by cams (in case of small weft repeats) or by disks
bearing linear cams composed of glieder chains (these are small cams linked together to form
closed rings) in case of larger weft repeats. When weaving figured ribbons, the threads are
controlled by an electronic Jacquard machine. The weft is inserted into the shed by a particular
mechanism.
3.The thread taken up from bobbin 1 passes through a weft feeder which adjusts its quantity
and tension, then enters the eyelet of a weft inserting element 2 composed of a bent traveling
arm which, while penetrating into the shed 3, drags the weft until it protrudes properly from
the opposite shed side 4,. The latch needle will form with the subsequent wefts a mesh chain
originating the selvedge.

Figure:ribbon machine
4.In order to get a firmer selvedge, an additional resistant yarn (supporting yarn) can be knitted
separately or together with the wefts. Figure shows the different binding systems. On the other
fabric side, the selvedge is formed in the normal way by interlacing the warp threads.

Shuttleless / Rapier Wire Mesh Weaving Machine:

Categories: Shuttleless Wire Mesh Weaving Machine

XiangAn shuttleless weaving machineis the one which newly researched by our company ,
which can weave a large wire mesh scope and thick wire mesh. It work strongly and own big
carrying capacity, widely density range.Its works own smooth surface and beautiful
appearance.The machine has high efficiency and quality with compact structure, small volume,
easy operation and regulation, convenient maintenance and low power consumption.

Especially, it uses a unique power transmission design of gear to winding nets,and hanging
heald frame.The two designs ensure effectively the capacity to weave thicker wire. An important
advantage of rapier machines is their flexibility, which permits the laying of picks of different
colours. They also weave yarns of any type of fibre and can weave fabrics up to 110 inches in
width without modification

Features of rapier:

1.A rapier loom uses a rapier to pull the weft yarn across the loom.
2.It can be a single rapier or double rapier.
3.For a single rapier, a long rapier device is required to extend across the full width of warp.
4.For a double rapier loom, two rapiers enter the shed from opposite sides of the loom and
transfer the weft from one rapier head to the other near the centre of the loom
5.The advantage of two rapier system is only 50% of the rapier movement is utilized in the weft
insertion of single rapier loom

Single Rigid rapier

fig:Single Rigid rapier
Advantage
• Problem of weft transfer does not arise and normal range of fabric can be woven. 
Disadvantage
• One movement of rapier is wasted. • Loom speed is very slow. • The maximum weft insertion
rate is 400 m/min

Double Rigid Rapier

The double rapier weaving machines are subdividedinto:
• One-sided weft insertion. One rapier is the transmitting rapier the other is the taker rapier.
• Double-sided weft insertion. Each rapier acts alternately as the giver and the taker.
The giver picks up the yarn from the accumulator at one side, brings it to the center of the
shed, transfers it to the second rapier(taker).
As the taker retracts, carries the yarn to the otherside.
In a twin-rapier system, two rapiers move together from the same driving source, as is
necessary in face-to-face (i.e., double-plush) weaving.
 fig:Double Rigid Rapier
End Product
1.Very light fabrics with 20 GSM to heavy fabrics with around 850 GSM.
2.Rapier machines are widely used for household textiles and industrial fabrics.
3.Rapier machines are designed for universal uses like – Weave classic Wool, Cotton, Man-
made fibres, fine Silk and Fancy yarns.

HTM Heavy Narrow Fabric Weaving Machine:

Heavy Narrow Fabric Weaving Machine can weave 5mm~6mm thick tape, output ranges with 2
numbers of tape width with 180mm, the weft density is available from 2.46cm to 11.67cm in
the CAM system to weave. Heavy Narrow Fabric Weaving Machine reinforce the machine
structure, minimize the vibration by increased the stability of machine under high speed
performance. The opening of shedding frame is increased for weaving thick, heavy duty tape,
take up by using the gear type transmission and pulling of take out will be increased.

fig: Heavy webbing needle loom with KY

Application
Heavy webbing, sling, lifting slings, seat belt, cargo straps, tow straps, duty ratchet,
etc.Application
Features
1.Raising high-speed running stability, strengthening the overall structure of the fuselage.
2.To enhance the lubrication system; machine installations positive lubrication system.
3.By using the gear type transmission on the weft density control, the pulling of the take off will
be increased.
4.Weft yarn to the original package belt feed automatic weft yarn feeding device.
5.To prevent the weft shrinkage, increase the file weft needle devices.
6.Using micro switch in stop motion with high sensitive dropper.

HTM Heavy Narrow Fabric Weaving Machine weft yarn to the original package belt fed
automatic weft yarn feeding device.
Summary: In this assignment we have gained about the knowledge of special weaving
machine. All types of special fabric made by special weaving machine.By using special weaving
machine production cost will be low,easily produce bulk production within short time,efficiency
will be high and produce many types of special fabric which is really need for our textile sector.
If we analysis on special weaving machine ,it will be helpful for making a new idea for making
new weaving machine and fabric that will really good for our job sector of textile.
Reference:
1.https://www.kyangyhe.com/en/product/HTM_heavy-narrow-fabric-needle-loom-machine.html
2. https://www.swicofil.com/consult/textile-applications/weaving/narrow
3. https://www.slideshare.net/RahmatUllah42/special-fabric

4. https://www.alibaba.com/showroom/terry-weaving-machines.html

5. https://www.textileschool.com/410/special-weaving-machines/

6. https://www.slideshare.net/mssohel/rapier-loom#:~:text=An%20important%20advantage%20of
%20rapier,inches%20in%20width%20without%20modification.