Normal blood glucose level

~ 90mg per 100cm3 blood (normal set point)

Stimulus Stimulus
Decrease in blood glucose level Increase in blood glucose level

Pancreas
(Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans) Receptor ( Sensor) and
Adrenal glands Coordinator (Control)
(Adrenal medulla) Pancreas
Hypothalamus (Beta cells of islets of
TSH thyroid gland
Langerhans)
Pituitary glands
ACTH adrenal cortex

insulin
adrenaline
glucagon

thyroxine

cortisol

Negative feedback

Effectors
Liver:
glucose respiration CO2 + H2O
Effectors
glucose glycogenesis glycogen
Liver:
glycogen glycogenolysis glucose glucose fat

protein gluconeogenesis glucose Muscle:

glucose respiration CO2 + H2O
glucose glycogenesis glycogen
Other body cells:
glucose respiration CO2 + H2O
Response
Increase in glucose level
Response
Decrease in glucose level

Normal blood glucose level

(normal set point)