Test - 03 - GS - II - Dhyeya IAS PDF

Model Answer Booklet
ENGLISH MEDIUM (2019)

(TEST-3)
1. "The first step in curbing fake news is to acknowledge that the problem is not merely a matter
of technology and human interventions are as critical as algorithms". Discuss the statement
in the light of fake news menace.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction: Start with the meaning/definition of fake news.
Body:
• Mention the limitations of technology in curbing spread of fake news.
• Explain the need of human intervention to restrain reach of fake news.
Conclusion: Conclude by highlighting the importance of collective efforts of individuals,
governments, social media and content platforms in eradicating the fake news problem.
Model Answer:
In this internet era , where there is a free flow of information especially through social media
platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp ,etc many a times certain opinions,manipulated
information, artificial facts gets circulated in society in such large volumes that they tend to gain
legitimacy as real news, without being countered.Such information is referred as fake news.
While the news may be fake, its impact is real and potentially far-reaching. Fake news sparks
panic, raise conflicts and contentions among society leading to the antagonism.
Role of technology and its limitation in curbing spread of fake news:
• In the quest of finding an immediate solution to curbing fake news, social media giants are
experimenting with Artificial Intelligence (AI), which for decades has been used to curb spam
emails.
• AI is also being used to spot manipulated or doctored images and videos, which can further
alert the users of the dubious content.
• Numerous fact-checking websites have sprung up and a few of them have even partnered
with big players like Google and Face book to provide factual accuracy.
• Although AI can run a meticulous fact-checker with unparalleled speed and efficiency, it
may fall short of understanding the nuances of human writing with adjectives, contexts and
subtleties of tone.
• Some of the fake content can even confuse human beings, as it runs on the edges of fact and
fiction. While AI may find it technically challenging to decipher such content, the majority
and obvious cases of misinformation or falsified information can be identified.
• AI also has its limitations in eradicating the fake news problem. It can, at the best, filter out
or label the dubious content, similar to the spam filters in email boxes. AI is not an absolute
answer or solution to this problem. This is largely a human versus technology problem, and a
purely technology-led solution would fall short of producing effective results.
Need of human intervention to curb spread of fake news:
• Due diligence on part of the users, as actual consumers and targets of fake information and
online content, can contain the spread of fake news. Human judgement and wisdom is critical
to solving this problem, but it needs extensive awareness and education campaigning.
A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 1

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• Users, aware of the basic fact-checking methods and societal fallouts of the fake information
they share, are better positioned to contain its proliferation.
• Before sharing dubious content, users can exercise judgement to question the source and its
credibility, or to check the credentials of the individual it has come from. This could act as
barriers to this uncontrolled flow of falsified information.
• Leveraging the competence of human networks through crowd-sourcing, few experiments
have been carried out for the fake news problem, similar to the concept of Wikipedia where a
network of volunteers keeps the information updated.
• Network of volunteers, individuals as well as organisations, can maintain database for fact-
checking and even point out the articles, posts, news content carrying falsified or fake
information.
• AI-based content verification and labelling can also warn users if the content is likely to be
fake or that the authenticity of the source is not established.
Conclusion:By and large, eradicating the fake news problem calls for a collective effort of individuals,
governments, social media and content platforms, and organisations producing innovative
technology solutions. Standalone technology solutions cannot be effective, unless and until they
are integrated with social causes and awareness among the masses to solve such mounting
problems.
2. "Tribals are neither specimen of museum to be left alone nor they need to be assimilated to
mainstream India for development". Comment on the statement in the light of Nehru`s
panchsheel.
Structure of the answer
Introduction: Briefly explain the statement with background.
Body:
• Give your opinion with respect to the statement i.e. how leaving them alone or assimilation
is not the way forward for their development.
• How Nehru`s panchsheel draw a balancing line between the two.
• Examples from today`s India to support the argument.
Conclusion: Tribal integration key for national integration
Model answer
After independence there was debate regarding how to proceed with development of tribals. One
school of thought was of complete assimilation of tribals in mainstream society for their
development. Another school of thought demanded leaving them alone so as to protect their local
cultural traditions and way of life.
However both the approaches are extremes.
• Complete assimilation has following demerits
 Destroying of their local culture and traditions
 Chances of exploitation against their wishes
 threat to national integration
• Leaving them alone also is not desirable as
 India is a welfare state and has obligation towards its citizens

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 It will increase inequality in India as there will be islands of poverty among prosperity
Nehruvian panchsheel draws a balance between the two extremes. It includes following principles
(1) People should develop along the lines of their own genius, and the imposition of alien values
should be avoided.
(2) TribaI rights in land and forest should be respected.
(3) Teams of tribals should be trained in the work of administration and development.
(4) TribaI areas should not be overadministered or overwhelmed with a multiplicity of schemes.
(5) Results should be judged not by statistics or the amount of money spent, but by the human
character that is evolved.
In practice these principles find the expression in
• Implementation of PESA : Development of tribals via local self government alongside

maintaining their traditional culture. E.g. Niyamgiri case
• 5th and 6th Schedules: constitutional safeguards to protect the interest of tribals
• Implementation of Forest rights act to recognize their rights of traditional forest dwelling
communities correcting the injustice caused by the forest laws
Tribal development is necessary to enhance their standards of living. However it should not be
done at the cost of national integration.
3. "Information Technology is considered an equalizing force but Digital India is witnessing a

widening gulf between men and women." Analyse the underlying reasons for this phenomenon.
Also give your suggestions for bridging the digital gender gap.
Structure of the Answer:
• Introduction: Briefly explain digital gender gap.
• Body:
• Explain how Information technology acts as an equalizing force.
• Elucidate how digital technologies are witnessing the gender gap.
• Give reasons for gender digital gap in India.
• Write Suggestions for bridging the digital gender gap.
• Conclusion: Write a futuristic remark as to how you see gender gap progressing with more
and more of digitalization.
Model Answer:
Digital gender gap is the existence of inequalities between men and women in internet access,
digital skills, and online rights.
Digital Technologies can be equalizing force:
1. It provides women autonomy and choice, thus, disrupting the traditional patriarchal regimes
of control and surveillance.
2. It removes the need for physical presence for communication. Thus, providing new avenues
for women to express themselves.

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3. Tools like digital wallet and online banking allows them to have greater control over their
finances even when they are unable to, or are not allowed to venture out.
4. It allows opportunities for 'flexi-work' and diminishes the reliance on physical workspaces.
5. Information and communication technology has created new jobs in service industries, some
of which have been occupied by women.
Evidences of Digital Gender gap
1. "More than 70% of internet users are men in India" - UNESCO. Globally, this figure is 56%.
So, digital gender gap is wider in India as compared to global average. India's digital gender
divide is worse than countries like Saudi Arabia and Iran.
2. Low Mobile Ownership - While 43% of Indian men own a cellphone, only 28% women have
mobile ownership.
3. A survey conducted in semi-rural Madhya Pradesh revealed that a majority of the women who
owned a cellphone did not know how to operate the phone.
4. Even in IT sector, women continue to be concentrated in "routine" back office services that
require basic skills; 'specialised' jobs and managerial positions are dominated by men.
Reasons for the gap:
1. Low Labour Force participation - it is 31% as compared to global average of 50%. Low labour
force
2. Female Illiteracy - 65.46% of women are literate as compared to over 80% of men.Because of
this, even the women who owned a cell phone were not able to use many features. In case of
most of the women, the use of mobile is limited to pressing the green button to receive the
phone call.
3. Low incidence of secondary and tertiary education among women -
4. Patriarchal attitudes - Itrestricts women's rights to public spaces, preventing them from
accessing community internet centers, outside employment, and co-ed training facilities.
E.g. Khappanchayats and other conservative groupings banning or severely restricting mobile
phone use for women.
Suggestions:
1. Improving access to smart phones - on the line of free bicycles to the girls in schools, free
smart phones can be given to girls in senior secondary schools and colleges to bridge the
digital gender gap.
2. Digital literacy program like Internet Saathi (run by Google in association with Tata Trusts)
- to teach rural women how to access and use the internet.
3. Helping girls get secondary and tertiary education.
4. Improving access to non-farm employment, by expanding skills training to boost employability
5. Improving access to financial and digital services to women.
In urban India, gender-based digital exclusion is less pronounced as connectivity and literacy
rates are relatively higher and social norms are less rigid. So, technology by itself is not empowering;
it must be inter-linked with broader policy interventions across social sectors. Otherwise, the
digital age will only marginalise the marginalised, and exacerbate existing hierarchies between
genders.

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4. The persistence of "India's Tryst with poverty" even after 70 years of independence shows both
failure of policy reforms and governance reforms. Do you agree?
Approach:
1 Introduction: Introduce India's measure to remove poverty and its present status.
2 Body: shows why it was failure and needed reforms.
3 Conclude optimistically.
Answer
India started its journey of development with a strong resolve to fight back the churning poverty
based on the Gandhian concept of sarvodayathrough Five Year plans with aim of triggering the
welfare approach. Taking both policy reforms as direct measures like adopting planning model of
development, community development programmes, Planning commission modeled as Niti Ayog
now,Special category status to poor states,SEZ policy for Manufacturing,LPG reforms post 1991
crisis etc and governance reforms as indirect measures like skill development programmes
(TRYSEM), upgrading health infrastructure(NRHM),focus on education (right to education) ,MGNREGA
for Jobs,National food securotymission,etc.
After 70 yrs of independence looking through the reports of Tendulkar committee(21.9% of population
below poverty line), Rangrajan committee(29.5% of population) etcshows there has been issue in
both policy reforms and governance reforms. Reasons for this issue::
Reasons for Policy reform failure is:
1. Centralised policy making leads to one size fit all approach ex. Planning commission
2. Lack of coordination between center and states. (eg. Rigid CSS schemes)
3. Populistic policy formulation with less emphasis on practical aspects.(lack of rationalisaed
subsidies like Fuels,Electricity concerns-Economic survey said-"bounty for the well off")
4. Failure of effective policy implementation. ex corruption, bureaucratic inertia, lack of
accountability and transparency like RTI,social audit,citizen charter not effectively used.
5. Policy feedback,Grievances and Evaluation concerns-For eg.Outdated policy and litigations
with government as major litigant in many cases,delayed GST etc.
6. Short term perspective-Unable to move from MDGs to realise SDGs,Populist measures like
crop loan waiver schemes,Subsidies etc.
Reasons for Governance reform failure is:
1. Lack of integrated and complementary governance reforms like education and health are
complementary in nature.
2. Changing the goal post with every missing deadline ex India missed the MDG goals.
3. External factors like-Excessive population pressure etc.
4. Lack of funds due to developing nature of economy. ex Health-1.3% of GDP etc
5. Accountabilty,Transparency and Probity concerns-eg-right to service delivery,social audit not
mandatory
6. Technological changes-e-governances still worrisome due to digital divide.
7. Corruption concerns-Lokpal,Lokayukta,Whistleblowers bill still not implemented in spirit.
8. Lack of FFFs-Funds,Functions,Functionaries in local governance like PRI system.

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9. Delayed and Denied service delivery with improper time lines-like Government schemes
not reaching to beneficiaries like PDS benefits,social security benefits etc.
To remove these anomalies in future fight against poverty, India should work both in policy and
governance reforms in integrated manner, with focus on following reforms like:
1. Cooperative and competitive federalism as suggested by NITI AAYOG for an integrated approach
of poverty removal.
2. More focus on Governance reforms like skill development ,education, health etc.
3. Decentralised approach of policy formulation ex TAD(Transformation of aspirational district).
4. More focus on effective implementation with an active and sustained civic engagement ex
social auditing, citizen charter etc.
5. Multipronged approach against corruption like lokpal, whistleblower act, amendments in
prevention of corruption act etc
6. Effective implementation of government schemes like NFSA,PDS,MGNREGAetc with minimum
leakages.
7. Moving from welfare based approach to Right based approach. Ex right to education,right to
information etc.
8. Strenthening the citizens participatory legislations like citizen's charter, social audit etc.
9. Promoting legislations like Right to service to facilitate public service to citizens.
Hence, India should try to transform its "tryst with poverty" to became a developed nation by
engaging with its demographic dividends.
5. To maintain the quality in public service delivery and accountability for failure to do so, India
needs the Public Service Delivery Act. Evaluate the desirability of such legislation at national
level.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction:
Many states already have a service delivery act in place and a comprehensive central Act needed.
Body:
a) Why accountability is important
b) Desirability of an Act to maintain the quality and accountability.
Conclusion:
India as welfare state and need to protect the interest of citizens
Model Answer:
The Right of Citizens for Time Bound Delivery of Goods and Services and Redressal of their
Grievances Bill, 2011 was brought in Lok Sabha but it lapsed. 19 states in India already have a
service delivery act in place and a comprehensive Parliamentary Act needed.
A strong accountability system empowers the citizens to demand what is due for them. Thus it
auto-corrects the system.
Need for a public service delivery act:
There are many models in place like Sevottam model, National e-Governance Policy, Citizen Charter
but the efforts to reduce malpractices have been more or less futile, resulting in a gap between the
administration and the citizens which needs to be bridged.

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It not only legalises the rights of citizens for service delivery but also provides a penal mechanism
for punishing the officials for delay in service delivery but will help in ensuring the accountability
in following ways:
• Notifying services covered under the Act - giving a comprehensive list of all services that will
be covered.
• Providing services within stipulated time-frames - unwanted delays can be negated and
therefore increasing corruption can be also tackled.
• Fixing clear penalties for non-compliance - this will improve quality and enhance
accountability.
• Nominating an administrative authority responsible for providing each service - people should
know exactly to whom to refer for grievance redressal.
• Outlining provisions for revision/appeal against penalty imposition.
Also, it will help in standardizing the quality for various public services the government in terms
of time and access. Thus, it will systematically enforce the spirit of citizen charters.
The Andhra Pradesh Public Service Delivery Guarantee Bill, 2017 and Madhya Pradesh Public
Services Delivery Guarantee Act are best examples and can guide similar laws at the centre and
remaining states.
India, being a welfare state, is bound to provide quality services to all citizens. However, bringing
a law might not be enough. The necessary infrastructure necessary to fulfill its mandate, like
trained manpower, e-governance tools and effective checks and balances to implement the entire
accountability mechanism till the last mile.
6. National Human Right Commission (NHRC) was recently called 'a toothless tiger' by the Supreme
Court. Examine the effectiveness of the institution. Suggest some measures required to
enhance the credibility of the institution?
Introduction:
Write about NHRC in reference of SC judgement.
Body:
a) Give some examples of achievements of NHRC.
b) Give some examples of failure of NHRC.
c) Give reasons for failure of NHRC - why toothless tiger.
d) Give measures to enhance the credibility of NHRC.
Conclusion:
Need to have a credible human right commission.
Model Answer:
NHRC is a statutory body, constituted under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, to protect
and promote human rights related to life, liberty, equality and dignity of individuals guaranteed by
the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants.
Since its formation, the NHRC has widely dealt with issues relating to application of human rights.

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Campaigns against discrimination of HIV patients, in the cases of custodial deaths or rapes within
24 hours of occurrence failing which it would be assumed that there was an attempt to suppress
the incident. Recently, NHRC helped bring out in open a multi crore pension scam in Haryana. It
also is looking up the sterilization tragedy of Chattisgarh. Criticism of misuse of AFSPA power by
Army in North East and recommendation to dilute the Army power was also done by NHRC.
In spite of many achievements, the NHRC has been marred with controversies. For instance, fake
encounters in MP and UP or child rape and murder case in Jammu.
Issues faced by NHRC in India -
• The selection process of Chairman and members is not sufficiently broad and transparent. It
lack of uniform and precise criteria for appointing members.
• The investigation by NHRC is non-independent since it involves serving or retired police
officers especially when alleged perpetrators are the police itself. This is common in alleged
fake encounters.
• Huge backlog of cases. > 40, 000 cases are pending.
• Most of the human rights violations by police, armed forces are aginst women. Composition of
NHRC shows that representation of women are too less. Only 20% of staff is women and not a
single women in NHRC governing staff.
• Its judgement are recommendatory in nature which government have many times rejected
without giving substantial reasons.
• It is often viewed as a post-retirement destinations for judges, police officers and bureaucrats
with political clout. Bureaucratic functioning, inadequacy of funds also hamper the working
of the commission.
• Under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, human rights commissions cannot
investigate an event if the complaint was made more than one year after the incident.
Therefore, a large number of genuine grievances go unaddressed.
• Limited Role in Jammu and Kashmir, Red Corridor, North east. Blatant misuse of power and
human right violation take place in these areas but it has remained insignificant in these
areas.
Some recommendations to improve working and status of NHRC in India -
• The efficacy of commissions will be greatly enhanced if their decisions are made enforceable
by the government and given binding status.
• If commissions are to play a meaningful role in society, they must include civil society human
rights activists as members.
• Misuse of laws by the law enforcing agencies is often the root cause of human right violations.
So, the weakness of laws should be removed and those laws should be amended or repealed, if
they run contrary to human rights.
• In order to make the SHRCs effective, it is necessary to provide them with infrastructure,
financial and human resources
The world's largest democracy is plagued by widespread violations and to improve and strengthen
the human rights situation Human Right defenders, state and non state actors need to work in
tandem. There is urgent need to have a credible, powerful and accountable human right institution
to safeguard the basic human rights of the citizens.
As citizens, we should treat all as equal and remember our duties under Article 51A.

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7. "India suffers from large deficit in terms of resources, infrastructure and quality in health
sector". In this light, critically examine the measures that should be taken to address these
deficits.
Introduction:
Introduce with the condition of health system in India.
Body:
a) Give issues faced w.r.t. resources, infrastructure and quality.
b) Government's effort to address these issues.
c) Give way forward or reforms
Conclusion:
Write a futuristic comment in the light of the arguments given by you in the body.
Model Answer:
In India, there is one government allopathic doctor for every 10,189 people, one government hospital
bed for every 2,046 people and one state-run hospital for every 90,343 people. We don't need an
epidemic, however predictable, for the public health system to collapse. It is a matter of routine
that patients share beds and doctors are overworked.
Resource Deficit:
a) The New health Policy does not specify any increase in public spending on health (currently
around 2% of GDP).
b) The catastrophic health expenses push populations the size of United Kingdom into poverty
each year due to Out of Pocket Expenditure.
c) Out of the total Swatch Bharat Cess collected, majority of it remain unused in Public Account.
Infrastructure Deficit:
a) The shortage of health providers and infrastructure is the most acute in rural areas
b) Increased instances of Hospital Derived Diseases speaks volumes poor infrastructure of Indian
hospitals.
c) Medical research in the country needs to be focused on drugs and vaccines for tropical diseases
which are normally neglected by international pharmaceutical companies on account of their
limited profitability potential.
d) Only a small percentage of the population has access to quality sanitation.
e) Underdeveloped Medical Devices Sector
Quality deficit:
a) A unique aspect of India's health care sector is the limited availability of formally trained
health care providers. As a result, most health care in rural areas of India, where 75 percent
of the country's population lives, is delivered by providers who do not have formal medical
training.
b) Dearth of supporting human resources such as nursing and other ancillary support shows
the low quality of healthcare in india.
c) There is also mismatch between cost and quality of health services in india. They don't
change proportionately especially when the cost is high.

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d) Huge number of deaths by preventable diseases like diarrhoea, JE (recent case in Bihar),
Dengue (Delhi instances) are proof of poor quality of hospitalization.
Government measures taken:
a) New Health Policy focuses on resources mobilization through private sector participation,
using CSR funds.
b) E-Health programme under Digital India campaign with aim to provide effective, economical
and timely healthcare services to all individuals, and especially to those people who have
little access to healthcare services.
c) Domestic manufacture of medical equipment and controlling the prices of important
equipments like stents to increase the affordability and accessibility.
d) Ayshman Bharat: for over 10 crore poor and vulnerable families providing coverage upto 5
lakh rupees per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization.
e) Jan Aushidhi Pariyojana.
Way Forward:
a) One way to address the infrastructure issue is by standardising diagnostic procedures, building
rural clinics, and developing streamlined health IT systems, and improving efficiency. The
need for skilled medical graduates continues to grow, especially in rural areas which fail to
attract new graduates because of financial reasons. A sizeable percentage of the graduates
also go abroad to pursue higher studies and employment
b) Improving the quality of health care at the system level requires a focus on governance
issues, including improving public-sector management, building institutional capacity, and
promoting a culture of data-driven policies.
c) State and local governments and local health facilities would use data from administrative
sources and household surveys for quality improvement efforts and for accountability in health
care delivery.
d) Making policy decisions would require institutional incentives and targeted capacity building
in addition to investments in creating standardized and more reliable data sets. It is critical
for governments, implementing agencies, and researchers working in India to collaborate on
evidence-based approaches to improve the quality of health care and health outcomes.
Thus, we need a multipronged approach which focus on all three sectors i.e. primary, secondary
and tertiary sector. Accessibility, affordability and availability of health services can be achieved
by proper implementation of ongoing schemes like Aayushman Bharat.
8. Highlight the problems associated with functioning of higher education system in India. Do
you think that the recent spate of reforms and measures can address these problems of higher
education?
Introduction:
Give data about Gross Enrollment Ratio in higher education.
Body:
a) Give problems in functioning of Higher Education.
b) Recent reforms done.
c) Write what else is needed to be done.

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Conclusion:
Write a comprehensive comment. You may link Higher Education to success of SDGs.
Model Answer:
Despite having the second largest Higher Education (HE) system in the world, gross education
enrollment (GER) in HE is only 25% in India, when the world average is 35%. Recent NITI Aayog
report, NEW India @75, aims to increase GER to 35% by 2022.
Problems associated with functioning of Higher Education in India:
• The major issue in the functioning of higher education system is multi-layered regulatory
framework. At the last chain of delivery - the classroom, three sets of regulations operate -
University, College, and Council (as per the course). There are significant entry, operation,
and exit barriers at each level.
• Different regulatory bodies such as Medical Council of India (MCI), All India Council for
Technical Education (AICTE) and the Bar Council India (BCI), among others, manage different
professional courses. There are two accrediting institutions- namely National Board of
Accreditation (NBA) established by AICTE and National Assessment and Accreditation Council
(NAAC) established by UGC.
• Overlapping regulations at different layers - for opening a university/college; offering a course;
getting accredited - which add to the time and cost of entering and operating in this sector.
• Proliferation of sub-standard private universities & colleges with poor infrastructure. There
is no Indian institution in top 200 institution of the world.
• Excessive government intervention - lack of autonomy.
• Lack of funding - only 0.7% of GDP goes for HE.
• Poor R & D and lack of interdisciplinary approach.
Recent reforms to address the problems:
a) Higher Education Funding Authority (HEFA): to improve access, equity and quality in HE by
providing strategic funding to eligible institutions.
b) Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds (SWAYAM) - MOOCs system.
c) UNNAT Bharat - institutional capacity building of institution of HE in R & D. connecting IITs/
NITs with local communities for development challenges.
d) IMPRINT India.
e) National Institutional Ranking Framework
f) Identification of Institutions of Eminence which will be given more autonomy and funding to
improve quality of higher education.
g) Reforms in NAAC, grant of Graded Autonomy to universities.
Way forward
• Increased funding from government especially state government in HE and R&D, as
recommended by Economic Survey 2017-2018.
• Replace multiplicity of regulators with single Indian Higher Education Regulatory Authority.
• Greater autonomy and flexibility in curriculum, recruitment, tenure and agenda setting for
institution which have been performing well in NIRF.
• Linkage between industry and institution to understand demand of skills in market and
curriculum development.

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Higher education is the backbone of any economy and India need to focus on it, not only to use its
demographic dividend, but also to achieve majority of SDGs related to education, employment,
poverty and hunger etc.
9. Social audits are significant but the social audit process is mired in challenges and thus requires
strategies to improve it. Discuss with reference to India. (250 words)
Structure of the answer:
Introduction : Definition of social audit
Body:
• Significance of the social audit with examples
• Challenges to social audit
• Strategies to improve it
Conclusion: Way forward with reference to participative democracy
Model Answer
Social auditing is defined as a systematic attempt to identify, analyze, measure (if possible), evaluate,
and monitor the effect of an organization's operations on society . It includes the participation of
direct beneficiary of organization`s operations e.g. Government schemes like MGNREGA
Significance
• The social audit places accountability in the centre of its frame, and transfers the power of
scrutiny and validation to the people: a citizen-centric mode of accountability.
• In the course of a social audit, individuals and communities get empowered and politicized in
a way that they experience the practical potential of participatory democracy.
• The audits are deliberately positioned to be a platform for sharing information about schemes,
and enhancing awareness amongst people about their entitlements; detecting beneficiaries
who were eligible, but had been left out; recording people's testimonies; identifying priorities
for inputs for planning; registering of grievances; and pinpointing systemic shortcomings.
• They help in identifying and bringing about evidence-based policy changes.
• They have served as an important tool to detect corruption and influence redress
• The experience of Meghalaya has taught us how social audit is intrinsically related to processes
of community participation and grievance redress
CASE STUDY
• Nearly Rs 100 crore has been identified as misappropriated funds through social audits under
the MGNREGA, out of which nearly Rs 40 crore has been recovered.
• Nearly 6,000 field personnel have been implicated/removed from duty based on findings of
social audits.
Challenges
• The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was the first
law to mandate social audit as a statutory requirement. However, even within the MGNREGA,
social audits made painfully slow progress.
• There is reluctance of most government establishments to share power or become accountable.
• There is weak state responsiveness to social audit findings. The monitoring through social
audits is informal and unprocessed with limited follow-up action.

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• There is a lack of support from senior officials to social audits.
• There is an absence of an independent agency to investigate and act on social audit findings.
• Institutionalisation on the ground has been inadequate, and has faced great resistance from
the establishment. The lack of adequate administrative and political will in institutionalising
social audit to deter corruption has meant that social audits in many parts of the country are
not independent from the influence of implementing agencies.
• Social audit units, including village social audit facilitators, continue to face resistance and
intimidation and find it difficult to even access primary records for verification.
• Inadequate access to data and lack of expertise are other obstacles.
• Lack of focused media attention and scrutiny to social audits.
• While formal social audit arrangements have been provided for in NREGA, other programmes
like PDS, NRHM etc. have varying arrangements for grass root level monitoring, limiting
their utility.
Strategies to improve
• Imposing a stringent penalty on authorities for not implementing social audit.
• Establishment of a group of trusted local people including elderly people, teachers and others
who are committed and independent, to be involved in the verification and to judge if the
decisions based upon social audit have been implemented.
• Implementation of training Programmes on social auditing methods - conducting and preparing
social audit reports, and presentation at Gram Sabha
• It is important to ensure that rural poor are given due protection, through legal framework
like the Whistle Blowers Protection Bill, when they wish to stand up to speak against any
misconduct.
• Knowing the reluctance of most government establishments to share power or become
accountable, this initiative is unlikely to spread or become robust, unless driven by citizens
groups. Civil society needs to shape the social audit campaign, be a watchdog, and staunchly
protect the independence of the process.
• Social audits must become part of the demand for effective legislation for the whole country.
• Social audit compliments the CAG's audits and therefore it should be mainstreamed into our
processes for audit of all social sector programmes
• NGOs can help in strengthening social audits such as MKSS in Rajasthan.
Conclusion
Social audit is no longer a choice but a demand of the changing society. Meghalaya recently became
the first State in the country to pass a social audit legislation . It is a welcome step and must be
followed by others.
10. "Fighting hunger is India's greatest challenge in 21st century, more than 250 million Indians
remain food insecure, ingesting less than 2100 calories every day". In this light examine
nature and extent of hunger in India. Evaluate the measures taken to address this problem?
Introduction:
Give data about the level of hunger in India.

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Body:
a) Write about nature of hunger.
b) Write about extent of hunger.
c) List measures taken to reduce hunger in India.
Conclusion:
Write a comprehensive comment about need to end hunger.
As per Global Hunger Report, hunger can be defined as "the distress associated with lack of sufficient
calories." According to the latest GHI, India, which ranks 100 out of 119 countries, is one of the
countries with the "lowest reduction in hunger" in the nine years since the last index was calculated.
India's performance on the GHI is described by the report as being "serious" in its severity.
Nature of hunger in India:
It includes:
a) Basic hunger (undernourishment) - : the share of the population whose caloric intake is
insufficient.
b) Malnutrition - lack of some or all nutritional elements necessary for human health.
a. Protein deficiency
b. Micronutrient deficiency (Hidden Hunger)
c) Malnourishment (Obesity)
Extent of hunger
According to the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2017 report, India is home to
190.7 million of them-a 14.5% prevalence of hunger vis-a-vis its total population.
The data further showed that 38.4% of children under five in India are stunted, while 51.4% of
women in reproductive ages are anemic.
The HUNGaMA Survey shows that positive change for child nutrition in India is happening, including
in the 100 Focus Districts.
However rates of child malnutrition are still unacceptably high particularly in these Focus Districts
where over 40 per cent of children are underweight and almost 60 per cent are stunted, meaning
their height is much lower than the median height-for-age of the reference population.
The problem is very much associated with food security. Despite having surplus food production,
almost 25% population of India goes to bed hungry. Describing malnutrition as India's silent
emergency, a World Bank report says that the rate of malnutrition cases among Indian children is
almost five times more than in China, and twice that in Sub-Saharan Africa.
India has taken several measures to tackle malnutrition of children and mothers. Some of the
important measures are as follows:
• NITI Aayog in consultation with stakeholders has formulated and released National Nutrition
Strategy emphasizing importance on interdepartmental convergence, setting up clear targets
and real time monitoring.
• A maternity benefit to pregnant women and lactating mothers (Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandan
Yojana- PMMVY) has been initiated to provide Rs. 5,000 Cash Transfers on fulfillment of
necessary conditions related to health and nutrition.
• The cost norm for supplementary nutrition has been increased. Government has provided
an additional Rs.12000 Crores to fight malnutrition over next three years in the country by
revising cost norms for supplementary nutrition provided in Anganwadis and in the scheme
for adolescent girls. The cost norms have now also been linked to the Food Price Index which
will enable the Government to increase the cost norms annually without any hindrance.

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• Fortification of food provided under Government welfare programmes like ICDS, MDM and
PDS has been made mandatory.
• The Ministry of WCD has started digitalization of MIS and Monitoring under ICDS. In this
regard, ICDS-CAS system has been developed and piloted.
• The ICDS-Systems Strengthening & Nutrition Improvement Project (ISSNIP) has been approved
to extend it to 162 districts in next three years for real time monitoring of ICDS and its
outcomes.
• In convergence with MNREGS under ICDS more than 1.1 lakhs of Anganwadi Centres
constructed for effective delivery of ICDS services.
• 113 most backward districts (on nutrition parameters) have been identified for taking up
action in mission mode.
• National Nutrition Mission (NNM) has been conceptualized and sent for approval to bring in
desired convergence among different Ministries/Departments and expand digital monitoring
to all districts. It is proposed to constitute a Technical Secretariat under NITI Aayog to support
in its monitoring and providing technical guidance.
• POSHAN Abhiyan to tackle malnutrition.
• Swatch Bharat Abhiyan
To end hunger and malnutrition we need to look at problem holistically in global context. As Dr. M.
S. Swaminathan suggests, we have to go for innovative ways to increase our productivity as well as
product quality in agriculture. Innovative methods like bio-fortification must be endorsed to boost
nutrient content of food.
One of the largest milk producer, largest meat exporter must not suffer from protein deficiency.
For that processing of such perishable product and economic access to all is important.
To arise as a superpower India has to tackle this crucial security (food security). By 2030, SDGs
have set target to completely eliminate hunger. So India needs strong, consorted and continuous
effort of government, civil society & people to achieve it.
11. Though urbanization has been an instrument of economic, social and political progress, but in
India's scenario the complications due to rapid urbanization have assumed gigantic dimensions.
Discuss. Also suggest measures to make urban centers engines of economic growth in India.
Introduction: Urbanization in India is both a challenge and an opportunity
Body:
• Discuss the gigantic complications due to rapid urbanization
• Mention the measures to make urban centers engines of economic growth in India
• Give way forward
Conclusion: Rather than going by populist measures local solutions to local problems should be
evolved.
Model Answer:
India will be the third-largest economy by 2025 (HSBC 2018). Powering that growth is the country's
urbanization, which is accelerating rapidly in absolute numbers, although not as fast if considering
decadal growth rates. Either way, the urban population growth is substantial and at scale enough

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for the World Bank to put India alongside China, Indonesia, Nigeria and the United States as the
countries that will lead the global urban surge by 2050 (World Bank 2018). This makes urbanization
in India both a challenge and an opportunity to create innovative solutions.
Challenges:
• Planning: The new challenge today is management of rural urban fringe as the expansion of
urban fringes is taking place at rapid place. There is need of immediate long term planning
for sustainable development of areas in fringes.
• Transport and communication: The future challenge will be linked with the urban transport
facilities. Roads are congested; rail and metro network is inadequate resulting into movement
within the city being slow and tiring.
• Housing: It has been already observed now the cost of living is too high in metropolitan areas.
Crumbling infrastructure in public services has to be managed on far footings.
• Migration: Migration will continue as urban areas act as a center of economic growth. Problem
of slums is about to increase and thus leading to health challenges for public health system.
• Solid waste management: In case of waste management issue, nuclear, cyber and plastic
waste will create a big challenge for clean and pollution free urban environment.
• Poverty: Urban poverty has very peculiar characteristic. Street vendors and people in other
informal sector, women, children and old age population will suffer most from the deteriorating
urban ecology.
• Environmental challenges: Growth in man-made and natural disasters is another challenge
because of unplanned cities. Urban island effects have already been observed in urban setup.
Ex: Chennai flood in 2015
• Service delivery: Urban local government will have to do a gigantic task of timely service
delivery as there is paradigm shift in public administration towards new public management.
Measures needed
• The first and foremost importance has to be given to the providing human face to urban
development. Playgrounds, green belts, open spaces, footpaths, public gardens have to be
deliberately created in order to create an environment of sustainability.
• Digital India program and Information technology solutions must be made available at affordable
cost to all segments of society. Bridging the existing digital divide is priority for true democratic
setup of urban areas. Harnessing the power of ICT, NeGP, NOFN etc.
• The recent policy proposal by government to focus on fringe areas is a welcoming step.
• Waste management has to be addressed at point of generation only. The case of Pune can
provide some guideline in this case as it has a unique model of contractual system for efficient
and segregation of urban waste.
• Infrastructure has to follow the green norms. Revival of tradition water structure can provide
best solutions for water need of urban areas.
• The flagship schemes like the Smart Cities, AMRUT, Housing for All, HRIDAY and Swachh
Bharat are aimed at not only addressing various deficits to provide better urban governance,
but also seek to make Indian cities and towns hubs of growth and sustainable development.
• A series of reforms through incentives and disincentives have been put in place to achieve
these goals. Incentives for universal housing, giving infrastructure status to affordable housing,
allowing FDI and providing income tax exemption are among the important measures taken.

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• Also, the government is promoting innovative measures like waste-to-energy, waste-to-compost
and the reuse of construction and demolition waste as part of sustainable urbanization.
Way forward
• 'Housing for All' policy should be pursued with a vigorous annual review that ranks States on
the basis of performance. The Centre should also take its own National Urban Transport
Policy on developing cities around mobility networks seriously.
• Urban governance policies, although mainly in the domain of the States, must be aligned
with national commitments on reduction of carbon emissions under the Paris Agreement,
and to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 11.
• There is a need for a plan of action to achieve sustainable human settlements. It should
ensure adequate shelter, water, energy, sanitation and solid waste management, along with
other elements.
• There is a need for proper planning and various deficits relating to infrastructure, housing,
slum upgradation, reduce pollution, employment, education and health in urban areas need
to be through public and private participation.
Cities are living ecosystems. They need to be managed accordingly. Rather than going by populist
measures or sticking to the original master plans, local solutions to local problems, innovative, in
situ and tailor made solutions should be evolved, adapted and adhered to.
12. Explain the key features of the draft National Education Policy, 2019 while discussing the
possible roadblocks in its implementation. What is the best course forward for the government
to give a new path to the Indian education system & new India?
Introduction: Briefly mention the background and objectives of the policy.
Body:
• Explain the key features of the draft National Education Policy, 2019
• Discuss the possible roadblocks in its implementation
• Give the best course forward for the government
Conclusion: Give futuristic comment about Indian Education scenario.
Model Answer:
The existent National Policy on Education, 1986 modified in 1992 required changes to meet the
contemporary and futuristic needs of India's large youth population. The New Education Policy is
designed to meet the changing dynamics of the requirements in terms of quality education,
innovation and research. The policy aims at making India a knowledge superpower by equipping
students with the necessary skills and knowledge. It also focuses on eliminating the shortage of
manpower in science, technology, academics and industry.
Key features
• The policy covers school education, higher education and professional education which in
turn include agricultural education, legal education, medical education and technical
education.
• It also looks at the verticals of vocational education by including teacher education and the
research and innovation.

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• The early child care and education have been sought to be integrated within the Ministry of
Education (a changed name has been suggested for the Ministry of Human Resource and
Development - MHRD).
• For school education, governance level changes have also been suggested. A State regulatory
authority has been suggested for regulating education in the country. The body will decide
the accreditation of different schools. The government will continue to fund and operate
education in the country.
• The policy also talks about National Scholarship Fund to financially support students for higher
education.
• The National Research Foundation, an apex body, is proposed for creating a strong research
culture. It will help build research capacity across higher education.
• National Higher Education Regulatory Authority will be the only regulator for all higher education
including professional education.
• The policy proposes to create an accreditation eco-system led by a revamped NAAC (National
Assessment and Accreditation Council).
Challenges:
• There are fewer consensuses on the integration of foundational learning with schooling. In
Europe, compulsory education begins at the age of 6. In certain countries like Denmark,
Germany and Finland, compulsory education begins at the age of 7.
• There needs to be a discussion on whether literacy and numeracy skills should be developed
during the time of foundational learning.
• In the draft policy, there is no mention of how the State regulatory body will regulate the
government institutions.
• A constitutional amendment is required to change the limits for compulsory schooling in the
country. Also, increasing the limit on higher side i.e. up to the age of 18 is not consistent
with the limits across the world. Also, it is a very expensive proposition.
• There is not enough capacity in the country to provide for teachers' education. Also, M.Ed.
has been given less importance under the policy. The focus has been more on B.Ed.
Way Forward:
• Education is a concurrent list subject. Apart from a consensus between the centre and the
states, all the other stakeholders including institutions, public and academicians should
also be consulted.
• Natal and prenatal studies should also be included in the country's education system to ensure
awareness about the issues related to mother and infants, considering the high MMR and
IMR in the country.
• There should be a course of Masters of Teacher Education. Also, there is a need to build good
teacher training institutions.
• The education policy should maintain a symbiotic relationship between the different regions
of the country through the study of different languages.
• The quality of education provided in the country shall be such that it not only delivers basic
literacy and numeracy but also creates an analytical environment in the country.

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Indian education system should focus on churning out not just engineers, but also entrepreneurs,
artists, scientists, writers etc. all of whom are influential in the development of the economy. The
draft Education Policy could go a long way in achieving that objective.
13. Three Language Formula has not been successful in solving the issues arising out of linguistic
diversity in India. Comment. Should English be made the permanent link language of the
nation?
Introduction: Briefly mention the recent context of the question i.e. protests against three language
formula submitted by the Draft National Education Policy, 2019
Body:
• Discuss the Three language formula (TLF)
• Explain the cons of TLF
• Mention how 'English' can solve the language conundrum in India
• Explain the cons associated with 'English'
Conclusion: Compulsory learning should be limited to one's mother tongue while English can be
served as a link language within India.
Model Answer:
The Draft National Education Policy, 2019 prepared by a committee chaired by Dr K. Kasturirangan
has been shared by the Ministry of Human Resource and Development for public comments. Following
the submission of the draft National Education Policy 2019, there were protests against the suggested
three language formula.
Three language formula (TLF)
• The three-language formula has its roots back in the year 1961 and it was implemented as a
result of a consensus during the meeting of various CMs of the Indian states. The Three-
Language Formula was supposed to be not a goal or a limiting factor in language acquisition,
but rather a convenient launching pad for the exploration of the expanding horizon of knowledge
and the emotional integration of the country.
• According to the National Education Policy of 1968, the three-language formula means that a
third language (apart from Hindi and English), which should belong to Modern India, should be
used for education in Hindi-speaking states. In the states where Hindi is not the primary
language, regional languages and English, along with Hindi shall be used.
• This formula was altered and amended by Kothari Commission (1964-66) so as to accommodate
regional languages and mother tongues of the group identities. Also Hindi and English
remained at the two ends of the line.
However, the three language policy has the following cons:
• Though TLF provides scope for mother tongue language education, the emphasis is lost due
to varied implementation.
• Amidst asserting political rights of dominant ethnic groups, this policy fails to protect various
mother tongues from becoming extinct.
• Students have to face increased burden of subjects because of the three language formula. In
some areas, students are forced to learn Sanskrit.

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• The draft policy's push for Hindi seems to be based on the premise that 54% of Indians speak
Hindi.
• But according to the 2001 Census, 52 crore out of 121 crore people identified Hindi as their
language. About 32 crore people declared Hindi as their mother tongue.
• This means that Hindi is the language of less than 44% Indians and mother tongue of only
little over 25% people in India.
• But there has been greater push for making Hindi a pan-India language, which is seen as
imposition of Hindi by many states, especially that of the South.
Language conundrum in India can be resolved only by making English the link language:
• It is the common language through which non Hindi speaking and Hindi speaking people
converse so removing this link would lead to imposition of Hindi over the other states.
• English is a global language and Indians have been very efficient in using it, be it call centers,
IT sector. Pushing English away would only complicate the employment status of these people
in India.
• As the world is integrated the role of English has increased manifold.
• Some of the languages spoken in India are much older than Hindi and are seen as symbol of
its rich culture and heritage. Hence imposition of Hindi on such people would be met with
resistance.
• English can act as a link language without endangering the sentiments of any state.
However English also has its own constraints because:
• Parents prefer English medium schools over vernacular language schools.
• In the modern Indian society speaking English is equated with higher status which means
people who speak English are superior than one speaking mother tongue
• Quality of English education in rural areas is not very good and so it becomes difficult for the
children there to compete with urban area students.
Language is primarily a utilitarian tool. While acquisition of additional tools can indeed be beneficial,
compulsory learning should be limited to one's mother tongue. Besides, English, as the language
that provides access to global knowledge and as a link language within India, could be a supportive
language. Given this, not everyone is satisfied by the changes, and the three-language formula
itself is seen as an unnecessary imposition.
14. The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme launched recently is seen as a
populist dole out rather than a true UBI. Do you agree? Do you think it can address the structural
issues being faced by the farmers?
Introduction: Mention the basic aim of the scheme.
Body:
• Discuss the significant features of the scheme.
• Debate whether the scheme is a populist dole out or a true UBI.
• Mention the structural issues being faced by the farmers.
• Write the structural issues that can be solved, if any, by the PM-Kisan scheme

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• Write the structural issues that can NOT be solved by this scheme.
Conclusion: Stress on the need of structural solution to farmers' woes.
Model Answer:
The general budget of 2019 announced a scheme, PradhanMantriKisanSammanNidhi, under which
vulnerable landholding farmer families, having cultivable land up to 2 hectares, will be provided
direct income support of Rs.6,000/- a year. The scheme aims to supplement the financial needs of
the farmers in procuring various inputs to ensure proper crop health and appropriate yields,
commensurate with the anticipated farm income.
Significance of Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN):
• PradhanMantriKisanSammanNidhi will provide assured income to small and marginal
farmers.
• The amount will be transferred directly into their account in 3 equal instalments.
• The complete expenditure of Rs.75000/- crore for the scheme will be borne by the Union
Government in 2019-20.
• The revised Scheme is expected to cover around 2 crore more farmers, increasing the coverage
of PM-KISAN to around 14.5 crore beneficiaries.
• With this decision, all land holding eligible farmer families (subject to the prevalent exclusion
criteria) would avail of the benefits under this scheme.
• It would not only provide assured supplemental income to the most vulnerable farmer families,
but would also meet their emergent needs especially before the harvest season.
• It would pave the way for the farmers to earn and live a respectable living.
Populist dole out or a true UBI
• Preceding the general elections, this scheme is seen as a populist move to sway rural voters.
• The rationale for giving Rs 500 per month under PM Kisan remains a paradox. According to
the Rangarajan Committee report of 2014, the monthly consumption expenditure for an average
rural household is Rs 4,860. The scheme doesn't qualify as a basic income, which is meant to
cover elementary living requirements.
• NABARD's financial inclusion survey of 2016-17 reported an annual average of Rs 91,407 as
outstanding loan for an indebted household. Covering only a tenth of the average debt for a
family, PM Kisan shouldn't claim to relieve distress caused by farm loans either.
• PM Kisan is an honorarium to landholding farmers. It has undermined the presence of over
half of 263 million agricultural labourers engaged in the sector who don't own land. These
rural labourers are heavily dependent on non-farming and construction work when it is not
the season for cultivation.
• Labourers in 10 states will suffer considerably because of the absence of raises in rural
incomes. The historical rift within rural India might widen with PM Kisan treating farmers
and farm labourers differentially.
• PM Kisan will certainly pump liquidity into the rural credit market and is a decent
complementary income. However, rising input costs, insufficient irrigation facilities and non-
enforcement of minimum support price must be addressed to make credit injection initiatives
productive.

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Structural issues being faced by the farmers
• The agriculture growth rates have been unsteady in the recent past. While it was 1.5% in
2012-13, it rose to 5.6% in 2013-14. In 2014-15, the rate dipped to (-) 0.2%, while in 2015-16
it was 0.7%. The provisional estimate puts it at 4.9% in 2016-17. The trend reflects the
distress in the agriculture sector.
• The small and marginal land holdings (less than 2 hectares) account for 72% of land holdings,
and this predominance of small operational holdings is a major limitation to reaping the
benefits of economies of scale.
• The predominance of informal sources of credit, mainly through moneylenders, and lack of
capital for short term and long term loans have resulted in the absence of stable incomes and
profits.
• Farmers face price uncertainties due to fluctuations in demand and supply owing to bumper
or poor crop production and speculation and hoarding by traders.
Structural issues that can be solved, by the PM-Kisan scheme
• The PM-KISAN scheme aims to supplement the financial needs of the small and marginal
farmers in procuring various inputs to ensure proper crop health and appropriate yields,
commensurate with the anticipated farm income at the end of each crop cycle.
• This would also protect them from falling in the clutches of moneylenders for meeting such
expenses and ensure their continuance in the farming activities.
• It would not only provide assured supplemental income to the most vulnerable farmer families
but would also meet their urgent needs particularly before the harvest season.
• It will help the farmers, who grow non-MSP commodities, and farmers affected by adverse
terms of trade, including depressed international prices.
• An assured income can also encourage farmers to boost productivity and help them earn
more. The cash received, if invested in agriculture for higher returns, will be a support to the
credit and insurance systems and promote agricultural growth in the country.
Structural issues that can NOT be solved by this scheme.
• Cash transfer is neither a substitute for the structural reforms needed in agriculture, nor
does it adequately compensate the farmer for the risks and uncertainty of crop cultivation.
• Cash transfer scheme such as PM-KISAN cannot be substituted for subsidies and other
institutional support systems such as the National Food Security Act-powered public
distribution system.
• Cash transfers do not solve the problems which are the reasons for the current agrarian
crisis. The genesis of the current crisis lies in the faulty and ad hoc export-import policy, lack
of infrastructure and cartelisation and collusion in agricultural markets, which have prevented
farmers from realizing the market prices for agricultural produce.
• It is also no substitute for the lack of investment in agriculture, which has declined at 2.3%
per annum in real terms.
Way forward:
• For a long-term solution, the government should first implement existing schemes, like it
should give assured procurement and marketing of all commodities having MSP.
• The Swaminathan Committee in 2004 had recommended farmers be allowed to fix the price
for their produce on their own (cost of production plus 50% as profit), keeping local factors in
mind.

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• Greater focus is required on enhancing farmer loan repayment capacity via smooth supply
and value chains, and better price realisations.
• The government must focus on three things: crop insurance, better irrigation and subsidised
seed and fertilisers.
At a time of such acute distress, there is a need for the government to expedite structural solutions
to farmers' woes. New India requires modern irrigation facilities. It needs seeds and scientific and
modern technological knowledge that can help and guide in reducing costs. It needs a rapid transition
to cost-effective organic farming. It needs timely delivery of inputs and transport systems to enable
commercialization of agricultural products and activities. It does not need doles.
15. Although it's the women who nurture a family, crimes against women have been in focus over
the past few months, with several heinous ones being reported across the country. Analyse
the causes for violence against women while discussing the key role families can play in
tackling crimes against women.
Introduction: Mention that women are revered in Indian society; still some of the most drastic
forms of violence perpetrated against women are at home.
Body:
• Discuss the causes for violence against women in families
• Explain the role of family in tackling crimes against women
• Give way forward/solutions
Conclusion: Gender targets & benchmarks should acknowledge fundamental family dimensions
Model Answer:
Indian Society has always revered women. The home is often equated with a sanctuary, a place
where individuals seek love, safety, security and shelter. However, for some women, the home is
a place that imperils lives and breeds some of the most drastic forms of violence perpetrated against
girls & women.
Causes for violence against women in families:
• The lack of gender equality makes girls and women vulnerable to increased discrimination,
violence, trafficking and other harmful practices.
• Girls and women's lack of power to make decisions about their own lives, coupled with limited
economic resources, makes their position in the global economy perilous at best.
• Regular consumption of alcohol by the husband has been strongly associated with poor mental
health of women.
• Patriarchy has been cited as the main cause of violence against women. Women engaged in
small business and farming were more likely to be abused than women who were housewives
or who had occupational status equal to that of husbands.
• Exposure to harsh physical discipline during childhood and witnessing the father beating the
mother during childhood is a predictor of victimization and perpetration of violence against
his wife in adulthood.
• Traditional and cultural practices perpetuating violence against women like Female Genital
Mutilation, Killing in the name of family honor, early marriages, Devadasi system etc.

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Role of family in tackling crimes against women:
• Families remain the intrinsic unit within which to effect change, and protect and empower
girls and women.
• Families remain at the center of social life and continue to be the primary mechanism for
coping with social, economic and political adversity and the socialization and education of
children.
• Family relationships can either encourage or constrain a girl's or a woman's ability to take
advantage of opportunities that is provided through local, national or international initiatives.
• In many societal contexts around the world, fathers, brothers and husbands determine the
life choices that girls and women are allowed to make.
• In many societies and among various ethnic and cultural groups, families function as a
crucial protective mechanism for girls and women.
• The family group shields girls and women from the discrimination, oppression, and violence
they may face in the larger society.
• International Family Day highlights the importance of families as a basic unit of society. May
15 was decided to be celebrated as International Family Day by the United Nations General
Assembly in 1993.
Way forward:
• In families, there should also be a relationship of authority and respect between parents and
their children.
• Women should be respected at home. When women are respected at home, then children also
learn about the importance of respecting women. Parents cannot treat their sons and daughters
differently.
• It is important to note that when people become isolated from the society, their minds turn to
criminal activities.
• The state has to work towards making people aware of laws like POCSO Act, Protection of
Women from Domestic Violence Act etc. The state should also make the penalties of not
abiding by these laws clear to the public.
• Gender-sensitization programmes should also be started for males of family, police personnel,
medical fraternity etc. Police apathy, especially when a woman approaches the police should
be worked upon.
• Encourage and adopt family focused practices that promote equal access for both girls and
boys to high quality education, and ensure opportunities to successfully complete schooling,
and to making educational choices
• The misuse of technology has resulted in many crimes. The right use of technology needs to
be emphasized.
It is thus, critical that gender targets and benchmarks also acknowledge the fundamental family
dimensions that either constrain or advance gender equality and empowerment.
16. Pradhan Mantri Jan ArogyaYojana (PM-JAY) scheme, launched recently aims to revitalise the
health sector in India but it also has several limitations. In this context, examine whether the
USA model based on insurance & private health care is a solution to India's health care woes?

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Introduction: Mention the aim of PM-JAY scheme.
Body:
• Discuss how PM-JAY can revitalize the health sector in India
• Explain the limitations of PM-JAY scheme
• Give your opinion on suitability of USA model based on insurance and private health care for
India.
Conclusion: Based on your analysis in last part, suggest the way forward for India.
Model Answer:
Pradhan Mantri Jan ArogyaYojana (PM-JAY), introduced under the ambit of Ayushman Bharat,
aims to reduce the financial burden on poor and vulnerable groups arising out of catastrophic
hospital episodes and ensures their access to quality health services was conceived. India is
concerned with many health issues be it malnutrition, infant mortality, rising non communicable
diseases, growing number of deaths due to cancer etc. PM-JAY is the step in the right direction
which can give impetus to healthcare in India.
Significance
• AB-PMJAY provides a defined benefit cover of Rs. 5 lakh per family per year. This cover will
take care of almost all secondary care and most of tertiary care procedures.
• To ensure that nobody is left out (especially women, children and elderly) there will be no cap
on family size and age in the scheme.
• The benefit cover will also include pre and post-hospitalisation expenses. All pre-existing
conditions will be covered from day one of the policy. A defined transport allowance per
hospitalization will also be paid to the beneficiary.
• Benefits of the scheme are portable across the country and a beneficiary covered under the
scheme will be allowed to take cashless benefits from any public/private empanelled hospitals
across the country.
• The beneficiaries can avail benefits in both public and empanelled private facilities. All public
hospitals in the States implementing AB-PMJAY, will be deemed empanelled for the Scheme.
• For beneficiaries, it will be a cashless, paper less transaction. Keeping in view the State
specific requirements, States/ UTs will have the flexibility to modify these rates within a
limited bandwidth.
Challenges
• Finance: At about 1.3% of the national income, India's public healthcare spending between
2008 and 2015, has virtually remained stagnant. It is a herculean task to implement a scheme
that could potentially cost Rs 5 lakh per person and benefit 53.7 crore out of India's 121 crore
citizenry, or roughly about 44% of the country's population.
• Doctor-Density Ratio: The WHO reports the doctor-density ratio in India at 8 per 10,000
people. To achieve such access, merely increasing the number of primary and secondary
healthcare centres is not enough.
• Infrastructure constraints: There are doubts on the capacity of this infrastructure to take
on the additional load of such insured patients from other States and growing medical tourism.
• Massive shortages in the supply of services (human resources, hospitals and diagnostic centres
in the private/public sector) which are made worse by grossly inequitable availability between
and within States.

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• Lack of level playing field between the public and private hospitals: This has been a major
concern as public hospitals would continue receiving budgetary support. This would dissuade
the private players from actively participating in the scheme.
Suitability of USA model based on insurance and private health care for India
• More than 500 million people are now eligible for coverage by PMJAY or state-funded expansions
of the programme.
• Massive data generated by PM-JAY can be used for not only improving implementation, but
also for policy inputs.
• The scheme's dashboard can potentially offer a wealth of information to drive strategic
purchasing and provider payment reform; inform clinical audit, thereby improving clinical
governance and quality; and demonstrate impact on health and on spending
• The focus in the first year has been on expanding access to health insurance, but at some
point, the government needs to take steps to tackle the costs of the programme.
• The next big step is making sure that that it is sustainable and that it delivers the high-
quality care that Indians need.
• Embracing and improving access to primary care and linking it with the hospitalization plan,
rather than only providing hospitalization, would go a long way toward promoting better health.
• Linking of PM-JAY with primary healthcare through Health and Wellness Centers and other
mechanisms will be critical to create a continuum-of-care approach.
Way forward
• The biggest challenges for the success of the PMJAY scheme are not just financial and
infrastructural at the local level, but how its value is perceived by the community.
• As the delivery of universal health care and health rights find yet another expression in
India through the PMJAY scheme, it is more important than ever before to explore how citizens
exercise their right to health and understand how it could be better practised.
• Given that PMJAY was embedded within the framework of universal health care and health
rights, it is appropriate to pay attention to the existence of health rights in a local set-up.
The challenges do not imply that PMJAY will fail but that it is only a first step on the road to
universal social health insurance. As a follower country, India can learn from the experiences of
others. The Thai model with excellent social health insurance coverage and out of pocket spending
down to 18% is increasingly seen as the global best practice.
17. "It has been four years since Skill India mission was launched and the problem of unemployment
remains." Critically analyze. Do you think that the practice of 'apprenticeships' can play a
vital role in the accomplishment of objectives of Skill India mission?
Introduction: Mention the target and main goal of Skill India mission
Body:
• Mention the measures taken under Skill India mission
• Explain the impact of the above measures
• Write down the limitations in implementation of Skill India mission
• Give the role of 'apprenticeships' in the accomplishment of Skill India mission objectives

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Conclusion: Suggest the way forward to address the issue of unemployment in India.
Model Answer:
Skill India mission was launched in 2015 with a target of training and skill development to 400
million by 2022, covering each and every village. The main goal is to create opportunities, space
and scope for the development of the talents of the Indian youth. To identify new sectors for skill
development. Various schemes are also proposed to achieve this objective.
Since the inception of Skill India mission, there are many measures taken under it
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
• Director General of Training - Modular Employable Skills (DGT-MES)
• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana
• National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF)
• National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)
• National Skill Development Agency
Impacts of above schemes in last 4 years:
• NSQF recognises prior learning, through which an estimated 20 million school dropouts can
get a second chance.
• There is a substantial increase in the number of people who were skilled in FY17 and FY18.
Notably, the rise is phenomenal, it has risen more than four times, from over 3.5 lakh people
in FY17 to nearly 16 lakh people in FY18.
• About 30% of the skilled persons have found jobs under the mission in FY2018.
• With nearly 55 percent successful placements, the Short-Term Training Program (STT) under
PMKVY (2016-20) has successfully trained over 13 lakh candidates.
• Approximately 76 percent of the candidates have been placed in wage employment and 24
percent placed in self-employment/ entrepreneurship.
• Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) is designed for those who already have a job or are self-
employed and require up-skilling and certification for better prospects. Till date, more than
4.5 lakh candidates have been certified under this component of PMKVY (2016-20).
Issues in implementation of Skill India Mission:
• The targets allocated are very high and without regard to any sectoral requirement.
• Agencies have been chasing numbers without providing employment to the youth or meeting
sectoral industry needs.
• The focus of PMKVY has been largely on the short-term skill courses, resulting in low
placements.
• The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) has pointed out flaws in the design and operations
of the NSDC and National Skill Development Fund which has resulted in falling short of skill
development goals.
• The Sharada Prasad Committee, held the NSDC responsible for poor implementation of the
Standard Training Assessment and Reward (STAR) programme.
• The Report also cites "serious conflict of interests" in the functioning of the National Skill
Development Corporation.
• The skilling courses are not in line with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which is round the
corner.
• There have been apprehensions on how many of the 11.7 million trained in the past two
years are really in jobs.

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'Apprenticeships' role in the accomplishment of Skill India mission objectives
• Apprenticeships are successful because they facilitate 'learning by earning' and 'learning by
doing', combining formal education with hands-on experience.
• The practice of apprenticeships before employment nurtures social, intellectual and knowledge
capital, and makes people productive 25-50% faster than direct hires.
• The productivity impact of industry and functional skills rises considerably when combined
with the firm-specific skills that are often embedded in company work cultures.
• Apprenticeship programmes can cut attrition by 25-50% because their structure of learning-
while-earning and learning-by-doing allow employers to take employees for a test drive, and
employees to understand the organization, job and colleagues while creating additional
incentives for completion of the apprenticeship period.
• There are three upsides of well-structured apprenticeship programmes: soft skills are becoming
more valuable than hard skills and are best learnt on the job; apprenticeship programmes
are the shortest corridor to jobs; and increasing higher education connectivity means kids
get the social signaling value of degrees almost free if they complete their apprenticeship
period.
Creating jobs for an increasingly educated workforce and ensuring that the new workers are well
equipped to enter the labour force are twin challenges that deserve greatest priority. The government
needs to focus on cluster development to support job creation in micro, small and medium
enterprises. Policies should ensure that the education systems prepare young people for the skill
demands of employers. Private sector leaders should build capacity among unskilled and semi-
skilled workers.
18. Critically analyse the performance of project 'e-Shakti' launched by NABARD for digitisation of
all Self Help Groups (SHG) in the country. Give your suggestion for improving the performance
of SHGs.
Introduction: Give a brief description of the 'e-shakti' project
Body:
• Discuss the benefits of the project in short
• Explain the positive impacts of the project so far
• Mention the challenges to the effective implementation of the project.
• Suggest ways to improve the performance of SHGs
Conclusion: Government should play the role of a facilitator and promoter; to create a supportive
environment for the SHG movement.
Model Answer:
e-Shakti is a pilot project of National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) for
digitization of Self Help Groups (SHGs). It is a project under which, the social and financial data of
the Self Help Groups and their members in the selected districts are digitized. Digitization brings
all the SHGs on to the technology platform and into the fold of financial inclusion, thereby helping
them access wider range of financial services. This helps bankers in client appraisal and credit
dispensation.

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Benefits of the project:
• A comprehensive information base and robust MIS can be developed about poor community
covered, which may facilitate suitable interventions and convergence of other programme for
social and financial empowerment.
• It will help in identifying suitable interventions and support for proper nurturing and
strengthening of SHGs.
• Ease of transfer of social benefits and Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) through Aadhaar linked
accounts and convergence with other Government benefits.
Positive impact
• The project has successfully digitized 3.89 lakh SHGs as on 15 June 2018.
• It captured credit history of about 44 lakh members in 100 districts across 22 States and 1
UT. It has increased awareness levels of banks about functioning of SHGs
• Banks have provided credit to SHGs based on real time performance by accessing the portal
through Intranet or web link using their branch IFSC and password.
• Large scale first as well as subsequent linkages for many SHGs and also credit deepening in
some of them.
• Reduced Saving-Credit linkage gap.
• Real time SMS alerts brought transparency to the operations / transactions and boosted
confidence among the SHG members.
• Aided convergence of SHGs with other Government Programmes;
• Integrated members with the larger Financial Inclusion Agenda
Challenges:
• Sourcing of information from poor database and records;
• Large scale training and capacity building of SHGs, SHPIs and others involved in
implementation of the programme;
• Capture of field level information from SHGs in a limited time and periodic upload of savings
and credit details of SHGs;
• Cooperation from banks;
• GPRS connectivity;
• Initial funding of the pilot is being met by NABARD. There will be a huge fund requirement for
scaling this pilot from the present level to 86 lakh SHGs across the country.
• Uneven spread of the SHGs across the country.
• Sustainability and the quality of operations of the SHGs have been a matter of considerable
debate.
• Inability of banks to understand and accommodate the needs of the SHGs in some parts of the
country, especially in under serviced regions.
Suggestions for improving the performance of SHGs:
• There is a need for decentralized capacity building and support services in order for the SHG
movement to thrive.
• For every 5-10 SHGs, there must be a mentor that emerges from the movement itself.

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• Periodic capacity-building of all members, to make the group collective.
• It is important to invest in providing the right kind of support to maximize the impact these
groups can have on livelihoods.
• Constant and enduring structural handholding support from the self-help group promoting
institutions (SHPIs).
• Frequent awareness camps can be organized by the Rural Development department authorities
to create awareness about different schemes.
• Emphasizing SHG movement on women's entrepreneurship as an engine of growth in rural
India.
• There should not be any discrimination among members based on caste, religion or political
affiliations.
The Government should play the role of a facilitator and promoter; create a supportive environment
for the growth and development of the SHG movement. Commercial Banks and NABARD in
collaboration with the State Government need to continuously innovate and design new financial
products for these groups.
19. "Ageing is law of nature, India's young dividend is also going to age one day". In this context do
you think India's social security net is ready to face this challenge?
Introduction:
Introduce the topic by giving census data about number and extent of old age in India.
Body:
a) Challenges faced by ageing population.
b) Social security net in India.
c) Challenges faced by Social security net in India
d) Way forward
Conclusion:
Concerted efforts needed to solve issue of old aged people.
Model Answer
According to Population Census 2011 there are nearly 104 million elderly persons (aged 60 years
orabove) in India; 53 million females and 51 million males. A report released by the United
NationsPopulation Fund and HelpAge India suggests that the number of elderly persons is expected
to grow to173 million by 2026.
Challenges faced by ageing population:
a) Majority of ageing population are depended on their son (or daughter) for their expenses,
which many times are seen as burden on them, resulting in loss of dignified life.
b) Increased medical expenses beyond sixty causes huge out of pocket expenditure.
c) Loneliness many times causes emotional bankruptcy and leads to suffering.
d) Lack of social security leads to huge economic burden on them which forces them to take
loans from relatives as formal sources deny them any loans.

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India's social security net
India's social security schemes cover the following types of social insurances:
• Pension
• Health Insurance and Medical Benefit
• Disability Benefit
• Maternity Benefit
• Gratuity
The International Labour Organization's World Social Protection Report 2014-15 shows less than a
fourth of India's population above the statutory pensionable age receive any kind of pension. India
is in the lowest bracket of countries on this count, according to the global agency's classification.
The national old age policy 2011- The demographic explosion among the elderly, the changing
economy andsocial milieu, advancement in medical research, science and technology and high
levels of destitutionamong the elderly rural poor (51 million elderly live below the poverty line).
The policy values an age integrated society. It will endeavour to strengthen integrationbetween
generations, facilitate interaction between the old and the young as well as strengthen bondsbetween
different age groups.
The three schemes-the PradhanMantriSurakshaBimaYojana, PradhanMantriJeevanJyotiYojana
and Atal Pension Yojana-seek to provide accidental death risk cover, contributory pension and
natural and accidental death risk cover.
Challenges faced by social security net in India:
• Lack of options and financial necessity still keep almost 50% of workers stuck in the
agricultural sector, most of whom have no social security, while what is needed is a shift of
the workforce towards more skilled jobs.
• A robust social safety net could well give such people the courage to migrate towards urban
areas and pursue higher education and knowledge-based jobs.
• More of the urban and semi-urban workforce is still struck in unorganized sector which does
not provide any type of social security.
• As a proportion of its gross domestic product (GDP), India spends less than many poorer African
countries on social protection. Worse, such allocation has been declining in recent years.
• India also has a low insurance penetration compared with other emerging markets. According
to data from the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India, life insurance
density in India increased from 9.1 in 2001 to 55.7 in 2010 and has come down to 41 in 2013.
• Lack of reliable public health services and the absence of health insurance compel the poor
to spend heavily on private medical care.
• Although the government has made a slight increase in its contribution commitments, many
structural issues regarding the relationship between the government, banks and insurance
companies have not been addressed so far.
Nevertheless, the affordability and accessibility in terms of social as well as economic condition
isdifficult for senior citizen. The reach of government measures to actual beneficiary is still low.
Thus, along with concerted efforts we need to reach out to out elderly population, we need to
evolvenew approaches while looking at our elderly population. Role of civil society and NGO is
important inthis case. Hence we should develop robust structure of all the stakeholders in order to
cater our elderlypopulation so that our democratic credential of justice, fraternity and fairness are
served in true spirit.

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20. The Lateral entry is the need of hour for performance improvement and efficiency of the "rusting
steel frame of India". Critically analyse.
Approach:
1 Introduction: Introduce civil services of India to build context of the need of lateral entry
2 Body- Arguments for and against Lateral Entry
3 Conclude with other alternatives.
Model Answer
Indian civil service has been considered as steel frame of India's developmental journey
characterized by qualities like- high level of efficiency, merit oriented, value neutrality etc. However,
recently this steel frame has manifested rusting characteristics in the form of redtapism,
inefficiency, corruption, bureaucratic inertia etc. In this background, Central government had
recently invited applications for senior-level positions via lateral entry considering the
recommendation of various committees like Baswan committee(2016) and 2nd ARC report .
Arguments in Favour of Lateral Entry
1. Helpful in Policy Making- It is essential to have people with specialized skills and
domainexpertise in important positions as policy making is becoming complex in nature.
2. Increase in efficiency and governance- Political & Economic Risk Consultancy Ltd in its 2012
report rated Indian Bureaucracy as the worst in Asia due to corruption and inefficiency.
3. Induce competition: Career progression in the IAS is almost automatic which could put officers
in comfort zone. Lateral entrants could also induce competition within the system. NitiAayog,
in its Three Year Action Agenda for 2017 -2020 had said that lateral entry as that would
"bring competition to the established career bureaucracy".
4. Entry and retention of talent in Government- Justice B N Srikrishna- headed Sixth
Central Pay Commission report (2006) said lateral entry could "ensure entry and
retention of talent in the government even for those jobs that have a high demand and
premium in the open market".
5. Shortage of officers: According to a report by Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances
and Pensions there is a shortage of nearly 1,500 IAS officers in the country. Baswan Committee
(2016) had supported lateral entry considering the shortage of officers.
6. Not a new phenomenon: It has been successful in RBI and the erstwhile Planning Commission,
as well as its successor, the NitiAayog. Concept already being followed by countries such
as the United Kingdom, the United States of America etc.
7. Domain expertise will help in policy formulation especially after LPG reforms 1991 eg.
Disarmament.
8. It will address the complacency in lifetime bureaucracy with competition- by challenging the
absolute security of ICS.
9. It should be to other services other than All india Serviceseg. IPS for Home Secretary, IRS for
Revenue Secreatry , IFos for Env and Forests- let most competent come in.
10. Best examples of lateral entry in India: Dr Manmohan Singh, Montek Singh Ahluwalia,
Arvind Subramaniam.
Arguments against Lateral Entry
1. Difficult to ensure responsibility and accountability - for the decisions taken by the private
people during their service, especially given the short tenures of 3 to 5 years.

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2. No long term stakes: The advantage with the current civil service is that policy
makers have long-term interests in government.
3. Bypassing constitutional mechanism- The recent order of the government instructed
the cabinet secretary-headed committee to recruit professionals bypassing the Union
Public Service Commission which is an independent organisation.
4. Transparency in Recruitment- Political interference in the Selection process may occur
and it may promote Nepotism and Spoils System.
5. Lack of field experience- Officers who will join might score on domain knowledge, but
they may fall short on the experience of working in the "fields".
6. Deters existing talent: Lateral entry shows that experienced civil servants are less
efficient and expert than private professionals, which is a not necessarily true.
7. Earlier experiences: The past experience of inducting private-sector managers to run
public-sector enterprises has not been particularly satisfactory. For e.g. Air India, Indian
Airlines etc.
8. Issue of Reservation- It is unclear whether there would be reservation for recruitment
through Lateral Entry or not.
9. Can lead to a spoils system appointment due to political patronage- recruitment process
10. Demoralize and demotivate career civil servants on future career prospects.
11. May have a narrow perspective rather than a broad generalist one.
Reforms measures to be taken:
1. Regulatory mechanism to keep a check on lateral entrants.
2. SR Das Report recommended that minimum tenure of DC is 7 months minimum. However,
2nd ARC report and SC Judgement in 2013 talks about fixed tenure.
3. Besides civil services reform India much more needed for electoral and political reforms.
4. Lateral entry can be on a case by case basis in gradual manner.
5. Can engage experts for advise through committees/contractual .ex RBI etc.
WAY FORWARD/ CONCLUSION
Lateral entry is a step in positive direction, showing the political will to reform Indian civil services.
Various other reforms apart from institutionalised lateral entry are the need of the moment such
as:
• Deputation to Private Sector- A Parliamentary panel has recommended deputation of

IAS and IPS officers in private sector to bring in domain expertise and competition.
• Central Civil Services Authority as recommended by 2nd ARC should take decision on posts
which could be advertised for lateral entry and such other matters that may be referred to it
by the Government.
• Appraisal mechanisms: Such as government's new "360 degree" performance appraisal

mechanism.
• Longer tenure of Secretaries- Currently, by the time an officer is promoted from Additional
Secretary to Secretary, usually she has two years or less left before retirement.
Therefore, India's rusting steel frame require polishing with new ideas, vision and political will to
incorporate them.


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TEST - 3
Model Answer Booklet

GOVERNANCE, SOCIAL JUSTICE & SOCIETY
1. ^îsQd U;wt dks jksdus gsrq izFke iz;kl ds :i esa ;g è;ku j[kuk vko';d gS fd ;g leL;k rduhdh ,oa ekuoh;
gLr{ksi dh rqyuk esa dgha vf/d xaHkhj :i ls blds vkdyu ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA** isQd U;wt dh izo`fÙk ds vkyksd
esa dFku dh ppkZ dhft,A
mÙkj dh lajpuk%
Hkwfedk% isQd U;wt dk vFkZ crkb,
eq[; Hkkx% isQd U;wt dks jksdus esa rduhd dh lhek,a ,oa ekuoh; gLr{ksi dh vko';drk dh ppkZ dhft,A
fu"d"kZ% isQd U;wt dks jksdus esa O;fDr] ljdkj] lks'ky ehfM;k bR;kfn dks lexz :i ls iz;kl djus pkfg,A
vkn'kZ mÙkj%
lwpuk ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ds bl ;qx esa lwpuk,a fofHkUu lks'ky IysViQkWeZ tSls& isQlcqd] fV~foVj ,oa okV~l,si bR;kfn }kjk rsth
ls izlkfjr gksrh gSaA dbZ ckj dqN lwpuk,a fujk/kj rF;ksa ls lacaf/r gksrh gSa rFkk ;s lwpuk,¡ yksxksa ds chp tkdj fujkèkkj fl¼karksa
ds vk/kj ij oS/rk izkIr dj ysrh gaS] bl izdkj dh lwpukvksa dks isQd U;wt dgrs gSaA buls u dsoy yksxksa ds chp la?k"kZ
dks c<+kok feyrk gS cfYd lekt esa i`FkDdj.k dh Hkkouk Hkh izcy gksrh gSA
isQd U;wt ds izlkj dks jksdus esa rduhd dh Hkwfedk ,oa bldh lhek,a%
• isQd U;wt ds rRdky lek/ku ds :i esa Ñf=ke cqf¼eRrk (AI) dks n'kdksa ls LiSe bZ&esy dks jksdus gsrq iz;ksx esa yk;k
tkrk gSA
• AI dk mi;ksx Hkzked iQksVks ,oa ohfM;ks dh igpku djus gsrq fd;k tkrk gS ftlls miHkksDrkvksa dks cukoVh lkexzh
ds izfr lpsr jgus esa enn feyrh gSA
• fofHkUu osclkbV tSls& xwxy ,oa isQlcqd rF;kRed lVhdrk dks iznku djus esa ennxkj lkfcr gksrs gSaA
• xyr rF;ksa ij vk/kfjr isQd U;wt O;fDr;ksa dks vleatl esa Mky ldrh gSaA AI bl izdkj dh lkexzh dks igpkuus
esa lgk;d lkfcr gks ldrh gSA
• ;|fi Ñf=ke cqf¼eÙkk Hkzked [kcjksa dks igpkuus esa lgk;d lkfcr gks ldrh gS] ijarq ;g bl leL;k dk iw.kZ lekèkku
ugha gSA ;g leL;k O;kid Lrj ij ekuo cuke~ rduhdh leL;k gSA bldk lek/ku dsoy rduhd ij vk/kfjr gksus
ls vf/d izHkkoh ugha gks ik,xkA
isQd U;wt ds izlkj dks jksdus esa ekuoh; gLr{ksi dh vko';drk%
• pwafd isQd U;wt O;kid Lrj ij miHkksDrkvksa }kjk gh izlkfjr dh tkrh gSa] vr% bl leL;k ds lek/ku gsrq f'k{kk ,oa
tkx:drk dh izeq[k Hkwfedk gSA
• rF;ksa dh tkap ds rjhdksa ds ckjs esa tkx:d miHkksDrk bl izdkj dh [kcjksa ds izlkj dks jksdus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk
fuHkkrs gSaA Hkzked lkexzh ds lEcU/ esa miHkksDrkvksa }kjk fu;fer :i ls bldh tkap&iM+rky dj ysuk isQd U;wt ds
izlkj es deh ykrk gSA
• fofHkUu lks'ky lkbVksa ij lkexzh dks miyC/ djkus ij bZekunkjh dk ifjp; nsus ls iQsd U;wt dh leL;k esa deh
vkrh gS] tSls & fodhihfM;k ij LoSfPNd :i ls lwpukvksa dks yksxkas }kjk miyC/ djk;k tkrk gSA ,sls usVodks± ds
rF;ksa dh tk¡p djus gsrq MsVk dk izca/ fd;k tk ldrk gSA
• Ñf=ke cqf¼eÙkk vk/kfjr lkexzh ds izek.khdj.k esa tc blds lzksr dh izekf.kdrk u gks rc blds lEcU/ esa yksxksa
dsk psrkouh Hkh nh tk ldrh gSA
isQd U;wt ds lek/ku gsrq O;fDr ljdkjksa] lks'ky ehfM;k ,oa dUVsaV IysVeiQkWeks± dks uokpkjh rduhd dk lgkjk ysrs gq,
lkewfgd iz;kl djus pkfg,A yksxksa dks tkx:d fd, fcuk dsoy rduhd vk/kfjr lek/ku bl leL;k gsrq izHkkoh ugha gks
ldrs gSaA

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2. ^^tutkfr;ka u rks laxzkgy; esa j[kk uewuk gS] ftUgsa vdsys NksM+ fn;k tk;s vkSj u gh mUgsa fodkl ds fy, Hkkjr
dh eq[;èkkjk esa vkRelkr djus dh vko';drk gSA** usg: ds iap'khy fl¼kar ds izdk'k esa mi;qZDr dFku ij
fVIi.kh dhft,A
mÙkj dh lajpuk
Hkwfedk% i`"BHkwfe ds lkFk dFku dks la{ksi esa crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx%
• dFku ds lanHkZ esa viuh jk; nsa rFkk crkb, fd D;ksa mUgsa vdsyk NksM+uk vkSj vkRelkr djuk muds fodkl gsrq lgh
fodYi ugha gSA
• usg: dk iap'khy fl¼kar bu nksuksa n`f"Vdks.kksa ds chp ,d larqfyr jkLrs dk fodYi fdl izdkj gSA
• Hkkjr ds rdZ ds leFkZu gsrq orZeku mnkgj.k nhft,A
fu"d"kZ% tutkfr;ksa dk ,dhdj.k jk"Vª ds ,dhdj.k dh dqath gSA
mÙkj%
Lora=krk ds i'pkr~ ;g ppkZ dk fo"k; Fkk fd tutkfr;ksa ds fodkl ds lkFk fdl izdkj vkxs c<+k tk;sA ,d fopkjèkkjk ds
vuqlkj tutkfr;ksa ds fodkl gsrq mUgsa eq[; /kjk esa iw.kZr% vkRelkr dj ysuk pkfg, rks ogha nwljh fopkj/kjk ds vuqlkj mudh
LFkkuh; laLÑfr] ijEijkvksa vkSj thou thus ds rjhdksa ds laj{k.k gsrq mUgsa vdsyk NksM+ nsuk pkfg,A
gkykafd ;g nksuksa gh n`f"Vdks.k vfroknh Fks%
• iw.kZ vkRelkr ds fuEufyf[kr nks"k Fks&
(i) mudh lkaLÑfrd ,oa ijEijkvksa dh foyqfIr dh laHkkoukA
(ii) mudh Hkkoukvksa ds fo:¼ muds 'kks"k.k dh laHkkoukA
(iii) jk"Vªh; ,dhdj.k dh {kfr
• iw.kZ :i ls vdsyk NksM+uk visf{kr ugha Fkk D;ksafd&
(i) Hkkjr ,d dY;k.kdkjh jkT; gS vkSj ukxfjdksa ds izfr blds dqN drZO; gSaA
(ii) ;g Hkkjr esa vlekurk dks c<+kok nsrkA
usg: ds iap'khy fl¼kar us bu nksuksa gh fopkj/kjkvksa ds chp larqyu LFkkfir fd;kA blesa fuEu fl¼kar 'kkfey FksA
1- yksxksa dks viuh izfrHkk ds lkFk fodflr gksuk pkfg, rFkk fons'kh ewY;ksa dks ykxw djus ls cpuk pkfg,A
2- tutkfr;ksa ds Hkwfe vkSj ou ls lacaf/r tutkfr;ksa ds vf/dkjksa dk lEeku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
3- vkfnokfl;ksa ds lewg dks iz'kklu vkSj fodkl ls lacaf/r dk;ks± gsrq izf'kf{kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
4- tutkrh; {ks=kksa esa ;kstukvksa dks cgqyrk ds lkFk iz'kkflr ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
5- ifj.kkeksa dk vkdyu fodflr gksus okys ekuoh; pfj=k ls fd;k tkuk pkfg, u fd vkadM+ksa ;k [kpZ dh xbZ /ujkf'k
ds vkdyu lsA
bu fl¼karksa dh O;ogkfjd vfHkO;fDr esa fuEufyf[kr fcUnq 'kkfey gSaA
• islk (PESA) vf/fu;e dk fØ;kUo;u%& tutkfr;ksa dk fodkl ,oa mudh ikjaifjd laLÑfr dk izca/u LFkkuh;
Lo&'kklu }kjkA mnkgj.k fu;efxjh ekeykA
• lafo/ku dh ikapoha ,oa NBh vuqlwph tutkfr;ksa ds vf/dkjksa ,oa fgrksa dks lqj{kk iznku djrh gSA
• ou vf/dkj vf/fu;e dk fØ;kUo;u%& tutkfr;ksa ds ikjaifjd ou vkokl] leqnk;ksa ds vf/dkjksa dh igpku djuk
ftlls ou dkuwu ls gksus okys vU;k; dks jksdk tk ldsA
tutkfr;ksa dk fodkl muds thou thus dh n'kkvksa esa lq/kj gsrq vfr vko';d gSA gkykafd bls jk"Vªh; ,dhdj.k dh dher
ij iwjk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

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3. ^^lwpuk rduhd dks ,d lekurk LFkkfir djus okyh 'kfDr ekuk tkrk gS ijarq fMftVy bafM;k] iq:"k ,oa efgykvksa
ds chp fo|eku pkSM+h [kkbZ dk lk{kh gSA** bl ?kVuk ds vk/kjHkwr dkj.kksa dk fo'ys"k.k dhft,A lkFk gh fMftVy
tsaMj xSi dks ikVus gsrq vius lq>ko Hkh nhft,A
mÙkj dh lajpuk%&
Hkwfedk%&
fMftVy tsaMj xSi dks la{ksi esa crkb,A
eq[;Hkkx%&
O;k[;k dhft, fd fdl izdkj lwpuk ,oa fMftVy rduhd tsaMj xSi dks Hkjus gsrq dk;Z djrh gS rFkk Hkkjr esa fMftVy
tsaMj xSi ds dkj.kksa dks crkrs gq, blds lek/ku gsrq lq>ko nhft,A
fu"d"kZ%&
c<+rs fMftVyhdj.k ,oa fyax varjky ds chp varlZca/ksa dk Hkfo";ksUeq[kh n`f"Vdks.k fyf[k,A
mÙkj%&
iq#"k ,oa efgykvksa ds chp fo|eku baVj&usV rd igqap] fMftVy dkS'ky] vkWuykbu vf/dkj vkfn ds varj dks gh fMftVy
tsaMj xSi dgrs gSaA
fMftVy rduhd cy dks leku (cjkcj) dj ldrh gS%
• ;g efgykvksa dks Lok;rÙkk ,oa ilan iznku djrh gSA bl izdkj ;g ikjaifjd fir`lRrkRed 'kkluksa dks fu;af=kr djrh
gSA
• ;g laokn gsrq HkkSfrd mifLFkfr dh vko';drk dks lekIr djrh gSA bl izdkj ;g efgykvksa dks Lo;a dks O;Dr djus
gsrq ,d u;k IysViQkWeZ miyC/ djkrh gSA
• fMftVy okWysV vkSj vkWuykbu cSafdax tSls fodYi efgykvksa dks muds foÙkh; lalk/uksa ij fu;a=k.k iznku djrs gSaA
• ;g ^yphyh dk;Ziz.kkyh* ds volj iznku dj HkkSfrd dk;ZLFky dh vko';drk dks lekIr djrh gSA
• lwpuk ,oa lapkj rduhd us lsok {ks=k esa u, jkstxkj dk l`tu fd;k ftlesa ls dqN ij efgykvksa dk fu;a=k.k
(vkfèkiR;) gSA
fMftVy tsaMj xSi ds izek.k%
• ^^Hkkjr esa 70» ls Hkh vf/d baVjusV miHkksDrk iq#"k gSa (;wusLdks ds vuqlkj)A** oSf'od Lrj ij ;g vkadM+k 56»
gSA vr% Hkkjr esa fMftVy tsaMj xSi oSf'od vkSlr dh rqyuk esa O;kid gSA Hkkjr dh fLFkfr tsaMj xSi ds ekeys esa
lkmnh vjc vkSj bZjku tSls ns'kksa ls Hkh [kjkc gSA
• eksckby iQksu ds LokfeRo dk vHkko% 43» Hkkjrh; iq:"k eksckby iQksu dk LokfeRo j[krs gSa] tcfd efgykvksa
esa ;g la[;k 28» gSA
• eè; izns'k ds v¼Zxzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa fd, x, ,d losZ ds vuqlkj eksckby iQksu ij LokfeRo j[kus okyh vfèkdka'k
efgykvksa esa blds iz;ksx ls lacaf/r tkudkjh dk vHkko gSA
• cfYd vkbZVh {ks=kd ds vf/dka'k inksa ftuds fy, vk/kjHkwr dkS'ky fo'ks"kKrk dh vko';drk gS mu ij iq#"kksa dk
izHkqRo gSA
bl varjky ds dkj.k%
Jfedksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dk vHkko% ;g oSf'od vkSlr 50» dh rqyuk esa dsoy 31» gSA
• efgyk vlk{kjrk%& 80» iq#"kksa dh rqyuk esa 65&46» efgyk,a gh lk{kj gSaA D;ksafd iQksu j[kus okyh vf/dka'k
efgyk,a blds iQhpjksa dk iz;ksx djus esa l{ke ugha gSa blfy, dbZ ekeyksa esa vf/dka'k efgyk,a eksckby dk lhfer
mi;ksx gh dj ikrh gSa] tSls& iQksu dkWy dks izkIr djus gsrq gjs cVu dks nckukA

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• ekè;fed vkSj mPp f'k{kk esa efgykvksa ds izfrfuf/Ro dh dehA
• fir`lRrkRed joS;k%& lkekftd LFkyksa ij dBksj efgyk vf/dkj] efgykvksa dh lkeqnkf;d baVjusV dsanz rd igqap]
cká LFky esa jkstxkj vkSj iq#"k&efgykvksa ds ,d lkFk izf'k{k.k dks ckf/r djrs gSaA tsls& [kkiiapk;r vkSj vU; ladh.kZ
fopkj/kjk okys lewg efgykvksa ds iQksu mi;ksx djus ij izfrca/ yxkrs gSaA
lq>ko%
• LekVZ iQksu rd igqap dks lqyHk cukuk% ekè;fed fo|ky;ksa esa i<+us okyh ckfydkvksa dks eqÝr esa lkbfdy] LekVZ
iQksu miyC/ djkuk rkfd fMftVy tsaMj dks de fd;k tk ldsA
• fMftVy lk{kjrk tSls& baVjusV lkFkh (xwxy ,oa VkVk VªLV }kjk lapkfyr) vfHk;ku pykuk rkfd xzkeh.k efgykvksa dks
baVjusV dk mi;ksx djuk fl[kk;k tk ldsA
• ekè;fed ,oa mPp f'k{kk Lrj ij ckfydkvksa dh lgk;rk djukA
• dkS'ky izf'k{k.k ds {ks=k esa O;; dks c<+kdj xSj&Ñf"k jkstxkj rd igqap esa lq/kj djukA
• efgykvksa dh foÙkh; ,oa fMftVy lsokvksa rd igqap esa lq/kj djukA
Hkkjrh; 'kgjksa esa fyax vk/kfjr fMftVy igqap dk vHkko] lk{kjrk ,oa igqap ls tqM+k gqvk gSA rduhd ds lkFk&lkFk lkekftd
{ks=k dh uhfrxr igyksa ds ekè;e ls buds l'kfDrdj.k ij cy fn;k tkuk pkfg,A vU;Fkk fMftVy ;qx esa lhekar lewg vkSj
Hkh lhekar gks tk,axs rFkk fyax vk/kfjr inkuqØe Hkh c<+sxkA
4. Hkkjr esa vktknh ds 70 o"kksZa ckn Hkh xjhch dh fujarjrk cus jguk uhfrxr ,oa 'kkluxr vliQyrk dks n'kkZrk gSA
D;k vki lger gSa\
mÙkj dh lajpuk%
Hkwfedk%
xjhch mUewyu gsrq Hkkjr }kjk fd, x, iz;kl ,oa xjhch dh orZeku fLFkfr
eq[; Hkkx%
crkb, fd ;g D;ksa vliQy jgk vkSj blesa lq/kj dh vko';drk gSA
fu"d"kZ% vk'kkoknh fu"d"kZ nsaA
mÙkj%
Hkkjr us xjhch mUewyu ds n`<+ ladYi ds lkFk fodkl ;k=kk dh 'kq:vkr dh tks xka/hoknh ladYiuk ^loksZn;* ij vk/kfjr
iapo"khZ; ;kstuk ds y{; ^dY;k.kdjh n`f"Vdks.k* ds lkFk 'kq: gqbZA uhfrxr lq/kj ,oa izR;{k iz;kl tSls& fodkl ds ;kstukxr
ekWMy dks viukuk] lkeqnkf;d fodkl dk;ZØe] ;kstuk vk;ksx dk ekWMy (uhfr vk;ksx ds leku) xjhc jkT;ksa dks fo'ks"k
jkT; dk ntkZ] fofuekZ.k gsrq ,lbZtsM (SEZ) uhfr] 1991 ds ladV ds i'pkr~ ,yihth (LPG) lq/kj vkfn ,oa iz'kklfud
lqèkkj vkfn rFkk izR;{k lq/kj tSls& dkS'ky fodkl dk;ZØe (TRYSEM), LokLF; volajpuk dks vixzsM djuk (NRHM),
f'k{kk ij cy (f'k{kk dk vf/dkj)] jkstxkj gsrq eujsxk (MNREGA), jk"Vªh; [kk| lqj{kk fe'ku vkfn iz;kl fd, x,A
vktknh ds 70 lky ckn Hkh rsUnqydj desVh (21-9» tula[;k xjhch js[kk ls uhps)] jaxjktu desVh (29-5» tula[;k)
dh fjiksVZ n'kkZrh gS fd] iz'kklfud ,oa uhfrxr nksuksa Lrj ij lq/kj dh vko';drk gSA
uhfrxr vliQyrkvksa ds dkj.k%
• dsUnzhÑr ;kstukvksa ds dkj.k ;kstuk dk fuekZ.k ôu lkbt fiQV iQkWj vkWy* n`f"Vdks.k ls fd;k tkuk tSl&s ;kstuk vk;ksxA
• dsUnz&jkT; esa leUo; dk vHkko (dBksj lh,l,l Ldhe)A
• yksdyqHkkou uhfr;ksa dk fuekZ.k tks okLrfod n`f"Vdks.k ls izHkkoh ugha gksrhA (vrkfdZd lfClMh tSls& bZaèku] fo|qr
vkfn ij)A

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• uhfr;ksa ds izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u ds Lrj ij vliQyrk tSls&Hkz"Vkpkj] iz'kklfud tM+rk] tokcnsfgrk ,oa ikjnf'kZrk dk
vHkko tSls vkjVhvkbZ (RTI)] lks'ky vkWfMV] flfVtu pkVZj dk izHkkoh mi;ksx u fd;k tkukA
• uhfrxr izfrfØ;k] f'kdk;rksa ,oa mHkjrh fparkvksa tSls& iqjkuh ,oa vizHkkoh uhfr vkSj ljdkj ds lkFk eqdíesckth (dbZ
ekeyksa esa izeq[k eqdíesckth)] foyafcr th,lVh vkfnA
• vYidkfyd n`f"Vdks.k% ,eMhth (MDGs) ls ,lMhth (SDGs) dh vksj c<+uk] yksdyqHkkou mik;ksa tSls iQly ½.k
;kstuk] lfClMh vkfnA
iz'kklfud vliQyrk ds dkj.k%
• ,dhÑr ,oa iwjd iz'kklfud lq/kjksa dk vHkko tSls& f'k{kk ,oa LokLF; nksuksa izÑfr esa iwjd gSaA
• izR;sd le; lhek ds i'pkr~ y{; foLFkkiu tSls& Hkkjr MDG y{;ksa dh izkfIr esa vliQy jgkA
• cká dkjd tSls& dk;Zdkjh tula[;k dk nckoA
• foÙk dk vHkko (vFkZO;oLFkk dh fodkl'khy izÑfr ds dkj.k) tSls& thMhih dk 1-3» LokLF; {ks=kd esa [kpZ vkfnA
• tokcnsfgrk] ikjnf'kZrk ,oa bZekunkjh ls lacaf/r fpark,a tsls& lsok iznk;xh dk vf/dkj] lks'ky vkWfMV vkfn vfuok;Z
ugha gSA
• rduhdh ifjorZu tSls bZ&'kklu ds Lrj ij fMftVy varjky ls lacaf/r pqukSfr;kaA
• Hkz"Vkpkj ls lacaf/r fpark,a tSls& yksdiky] yksdk;qDr] fOgly Cyksvj vf/fu;e dk izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u u gksukA
• LFkkuh; 'kklu tSls&ihvkjvkbZ (PRI) ra=k esa ,iQ,iQ,iQ (FFFs&iaQM) iaQM dk vHkkoA
• lsok iznk;xh esa vfuf'pr le; lhek ds fy, nsjh ,oa LFkxu tSls& ljdkjh ;kstukvksa ls visf{kr ykHk izkfIr u gksuk
(ihMh,l (PDS) ykHk] lkekftd lqj{kk vkfn)A
lq>ko%
• lg;ksxkRed ,oa izfrLi/kZRed la?kokn (ftldk lq>ko uhfr vk;ksx }kjk fn;k x;k gSA) ds lkFk&lkFk xjhch mUewyu
gsrq ,dhÑr n`f"Vdks.kA
• iz'kklfud lq/kjksa ij cy tSls& dkS'ky fodkl] f'k{kk] LokLF; vkfnA
• uhfr fuekZ.k esa fodsUnzhÑr n`f"Vdks.k tSls&Vh,Mh (TAD) (vkdka{kh ftyk ifjorZu)A
• fØ;kUo;u ij cy tSls& lks'ky vkWfMV] flfVtu pkVZj vkfnA
• Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykiQ cgqeq[kh n`f"Vdks.k tSls& yksdiky] fOgly Cyksvj vf/fu;e] Hkz"Vkpkj jksdFkke vfèkfu;e esa
vko';d la'kks/u vkfnA
• ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dk izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u tSls& NFSA, PDS, MGNREGA (de ls de dfe;ksa ds lkFk)A
• dY;k.kdkjh n`f"Vdks.k ls vf/dkj vk/kfjr n`f"Vdks.k dh vksj xeu tSls& lwpuk dk vf/dkj] f'k{kk dk vf/dkj
vkfnA
• lgHkkxh fo/k;u esa ukxfjdksa dh Hkwfedk c<+kuk tSls& flfVtu pkVZj] lks'ky vkWfMV vkfnA
• fo/k;u dks c<+kok nsuk tSls& ukxfjdksa ds fy, lsok ds vf/dkj dks lkekftd vf/dkj esa cnyukA
vr% Hkkjr dks vius tula[;k ykHkka'k dk ykHk mBkrs gq, xjhch mUewyu gsrq iz;kl djuk pkfg,A
5. ukxfjd lsok iznk;xh dh xq.koÙkk dks cuk, j[kus ,oa bldh vliQyrk dh fLFkfr esa tokcnsfgrk lqfuf'pr djus
gsrq] Hkkjr dks ukxfjd lsok iznk;xh vf/fu;e dh vko';drk gSA jk"Vªh; Lrj ij bl izdkj ds dkuwu dh
okaNuh;rk dk ewY;kadu dhft,A
mÙkj dh lajpuk%

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
Hkwfedk%
dbZ jkT;ksa }kjk igys gh lsok iznk;xh vf/fu;e dks LFkkfir fd;k x;k gS rFkk dsUnz Lrj ij ,d lexz vf/fu;e dh
vko';drk gSA
eq[; Hkkx%
• tokcnsfgrk D;ksa vko';d gSA
• ukxfjdksa ds fgr dh j{kk gsrq vf/fu;e dh okaNuh;rkA
fu"d"kZ%
Hkkjr ,d dY;k.kdkjh jkT; gS blfy, bls ukxfjd fgrksa ds laj{k.k dh vko';drk gSA
mÙkj%
ukxfjdksa ds fy, fu/kZfjr le; ij oLrq ,oa lsokvksa dh iznk;xh vkSj f'kdk;r fuokj.k fo/s;d 2011 yksdlHkk esa yk;k x;k
ijarq ;g ikfjr ugha gqvkA Hkkjr ds 19 jkT;ksa esa lsok iznk;xh vf/fu;e gS ijarq ,d lexz lalnh; vfèku;e dh vko';drk
gSA
,d izHkkoh tokcnsgh ra=k ls ukxfjdksa dk l'kDrhdj.k c<+rk gSA
yksx lsok iznk;xh vf/fu;e dh vko';drk%
orZeku esa blls lacaf/r fofHkUu ekWMy tSls& lokZsRre ekWMy] jk"Vªh; bZ&xousZUl uhfr] flfVtu pkVZj bR;kfn gksus ds ckotwn
ukxfjdksa ,oa iz'kklu ds chp fo|eku varj dks de djus gsrq bl izdkj ds vf/fu;e dh vko';drk gSA ;g u dsoy lsok
iznk;xh ra=k esa yksxksa ds vf/dkjksa dks fof/d ekU;rk iznku djsxk cfYd lsok iznk;xh esa foyEc dh fLFkfr esa izkf/dkfj;ksa
ij n.M Hkh vkjksfir djsxkA ;g tokcnsfgrk lqfuf'pr djus esa fuEufyf[kr :i ls lgk;d gSa&
• vf/fu;e ds varxZr lsokvksa dh lwph rS;kj dj ukxfjdksa dks vko';d lsokvksa gsrq l'kDr djsxkA
• ,d fuf'pr le; lhek ds varxZr lsok iznku dh tk,xhA
• lsok iznk;xh dh xq.koÙkk ds vHkko esa tqekZus ds izko/ku }kjk lsok dh xq.koÙkk ds lkFk&lkFk tokcnsfgrk esa Hkh o`f¼
gksxhA
• lsok iznku djus okys lacaf/r iz'kklfud izkf/dj.k ds ckjs esa Li"V izko/ku gksus ls fookn fuokj.k ra=k izHkkoh gksxkA
;g yksd lsokvksa dh xq.koÙkk esa lq/kj djus ds lkFk&lkFk flfVtu pkVZj dh ewy Hkkouk dh izkfIr esa lgk;d gksxkA
vka/z izns'k yksd lsok iznk;xh xkjaVh fo/s;d 2017 ,oa eè; izns'k yksd lsok iznk;xh xkjaVh vf/fu;e blls lacafèkr izeq[k
mnkgj.k gSa tks dsUnz rFkk 'ks"k jkT;ksa dks blh izdkj ds vf/fu;eksa ds fuekZ.k gsrq izsfjr dj ldrs gSaA
Hkkjr ,d dY;k.kdkjh jkT; gS rFkk ;g vius ukxfjdksa dks xq.koÙkkiw.kZ lsokvksa dh iznk;xh gsrq ckè; gSA gkykafd dsoy dkuwu
gh blds fy, i;kZIr ugha gS] vko';d volajpuk tSls& izf'kf{kr ekuo lalk/u] bZ&xousZal ,oa tokcnsgh ra=k ds }kjk izHkkoh
,oa larqfyr lsok iznk;xh dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
6. gky gh esa mPpÙke U;k;ky; }kjk ^jk"Vªh; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx dks ^, VwFkysl Vkbxj* dh laKk nh xbZA bl laLFkk
dh izHkko'khyrk dk ijh{k.k dhft,A bl laLFkk dh fo'oluh;rk dks l`n`<+ djus gsrq dqN vko';d lq>ko nhft,A*
mÙkj% dh lajpuk%
Hkwfedk%
jk"Vªh; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx (NHRC) ds ckjs esa crkrs gq, lqizhe dksVZ ds fu.kZ; dk lanHkZ crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx%
• NHRC dh dqN miyfC/;ksa ,oa vliQyrkvksa dks crkb,A
• bldh vliQyrk ds dkj.k crkb,& VwFkysl Vkbxj D;ksa dgk x;k\
• NHRC dh fo'oluh;rk esa o`f¼ gsrq lq>ko nhft,A
Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
fu"d"kZ%
,d fo'oluh; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx dh vko';drk dks crkb,A
mÙkj%
lafo/ku ,oa varjkZ"Vªh; vfHkle; }kjk yksxksa dks iznÙk ekuokf/dkj tSls& thou] lekurk] Lora=krk ,oa xfjek dks lqfuf'pr
djus gsrq ekuokf/dkj laj{k.k vf/fu;e 1993 ds rgr ,d oS/kfud laLFkk ds :i esa NHRC dk xBu fd;k x;kA viuh
LFkkiuk ds ckn ls gh ;g ekuokf/dkjksa ls lacaf/r fofHkUu eqíksa ds lek/ku gsrq iz;kljr gSA
NHRC }kjk ,pvkbZoh jksfx;ksa rFkk jsi ihfM+rksa ds izfr HksnHkko dks jksdus gsrq vfHk;ku pyk;k x;kA gky gh esa NHRC us
gfj;k.kk esa gq, djksM+ksa #i;s ds isa'ku ?kksVkys dks mtkxj djus esa enn dhA blus mÙkj&iwohZ {ks=k esa viQLik dh 'kfDr;ksa ds
nq#i;ksx dh vkykspuk rFkk lSU; cyksa ds 'kfDr iz;ksx dks fu;af=kr djus esa Hkh ;ksxnku fn;kA
fofHkUu miyfC/;ksa ds ckotwn NHRC fooknksa ls f?kjh jgrh gS] tSls& gky gh esa mÙkj izns'k rFkk eè; izns'k esa isQd ,UdkmaVj
rFkk tEew esa cPph dk jsi ,oa gR;k ekeys esa NHRC dh vkykspukA
Hkkjr esa NHRC ds le{k pqukSfr;ka%
• vè;{k rFkk lnL;ksa ds p;u dh izfØ;k ikjn'khZ ,oa mfpr ekun.Mksa ds vk/kj ij ugha gksrh gSA
• NHRC dh tkap izfØ;k Lora=k :i ls ugha gks ikrh] D;ksafd iqfyl Lo;a esa vfHk;qDr gksus dh n'kk esa Hkh tkap izfØ;k
esa iqfyl vf/dkjh gh 'kkfey gksrs gSaA
• 40]000 ls Hkh vf/d ekeys NHRC ds le{k yafcr gSaA
• bldk fu.kZ; ckè;dkjh izÑfr dk ugha gksus ds dkj.k ljdkj fcuk fdlh Bksl dkj.k ds blds funsZ'kksa dks [kkfjt dj
nsrh gSA
• iaQM rFkk ekuo lalk/u dk vHkko bldh dk;Ziz.kkyh esa ck/d gSA
• ekuokf/dkj laxBu vf/fu;e 1993 ds varxZr ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx ,d o"kZ iwoZ ls vf/d le; dh ?kVukvksa dh
tkap ugha dj ldrkA
• tEew d'ehj yky xfy;kjk] mÙkj&iwoZ {ks=k esa ekuokf/dkj guu dh ?kVukvksa ds vf/d gksus ds ckotwn Hkh bl {ks=k
esa bldh Hkwfedk lhfer gSA
Hkkjr esa NHRC dh dk;Ziz.kkyh esa lq/kj gsrq dqN lq>ko fuEu gSa&
• blds fu.kZ;ksa dks ckè;dkjh cuk, tkus ls bldh izHkkfork esa o`f¼ gksxhA
• flfoy lkslkbVh rFkk ekuokf/dkj dk;ZdrkZvksa dks vk;ksx esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
• dkuwu izorZu ,tsafl;ksa }kjk dkuwu dk nq:i;ksx ekuokf/dkjksa ds guu dk izeq[k dkj.k gksrk gS] vr% vkmVMsVsM dkuwuksa
(vizklafxd dkuwuksa) dks fu"izHkkoh cukus ds lkFk buesa vko';d la'kks/u Hkh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
• jkT; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx dks izHkkoh cukus gsrq mudk volajpukRed ,oa foÙkh; lqn`<+hdj.k djuk vko';d gSA
ekuokf/dkjksa ds laj{k.k gsrq jkT; ,oa xSj&jkT; vfHkdrkZvksa dks ,d lkFk Hkwfedk fuHkkuh pkfg,A ukxfjdksa ds vkèkjHkwr
ekuokfèkdkjksa dh lqj{kk gsrq ;g vko';d gS fd ekuokf/dkj laLFkku dks fo'oluh;] 'kfDr'kkyh ,oa tokcnsg cuk;k tk,A
,d ukxfjd ds :i esa gesa lHkh ds lkFk leku O;ogkj djrs gq, vuqPNsn&51 (A) esa fufgr drZO;ksa dk ikyu djuk pkfg,A
7. ^^Hkkjr lalk/uksa] volajpuk ,oa LokLF; {ks=kd dh xq.koÙkk esa O;kid deh ls tw> jgk gSA** bl izdk'k esa bu
dfe;ksa ds lekèkku gsrq vko';d mik;ksa dk vkykspukRed ewY;kadu dhft,A
mÙkj dh lajpuk%
Hkwfedk% Hkkjr esa LokLF; ra=k dh fLFkfr dks crkb,A
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eq[; Hkkx%
• lalk/uksa] volajpuk ,oa xq.koÙkk ls lacaf/r eqíksa dks crkrs gq, buds lek/ku gsrq ljdkjh iz;kl crkb,A
• lq/kjksa gsrq lq>ko nhft,A
fu"d"kZ% vius rdks± ls lacaf/r Hkfo";ksUeq[kh fVIi.kh fyf[k,A
mÙkj%
Hkkjr esa 10189 yksxksa ij ,d ,syksiSfFkd MkWDVj] 2046 yksxksa ij ,d ljdkjh vLirky dk csM rFkk 90343 yksxksa ij ,d
vLirky miyC/ gSA blls jksfx;ksa dh vf/drk ds dkj.k MkWDVj rFkk vLirkyksa ij vR;f/d dk;ZHkkj cuk jgrk gSA
lalk/uksa dh deh%
• ubZ LokLF; uhfr esa LokLF; ij lkoZtfud O;; dks c<+kus ls lacaf/r dksbZ fof'k"V izkoèkku ugha fd;k x;k (orZeku
esa ;g thMhih dk yxHkx 2» gS)A
• LokLF; ij c<+rs [kpZ ds dkj.k fczVsu dh dqy tula[;k ds leku yksx izR;sd o"kZ xjhch js[kk dh Js.kh esa igqap tkrs
gSAa
• LoPN Hkkjr midj ds rgr dqy tekjkf'k ds vf/dka'k Hkkx dk mi;ksx izHkkoh mi;ksx ugha fd;k tkrkA
volajpuk dh deh%
• xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa LokLF; lsok iznkrkvksa ,oa vk/kjHkwr volajpuk dh vR;f/d deh gSA
• Hkkjrh; vLirkyksa dh [kjkc fLFkfr ds dkj.k vLirky tfur jksxksa esa o`f¼ gqbZA
• ns'k dh fpfdRlk 'kks/ iz.kkyh dks m".kdfVca/h; {ks=kksa esa ikbZ tkus okyh chekfj;ksa ds mipkj gsrq nok ,oa Vhds dh
[kkst ij è;ku dsfUnzr djuk pkfg, ftldh varjkZ"Vªh; nok daifu;ksa }kjk vuns[kh dh tkrh gSA
• dsoy dqN izfr'kr tula[;k dh igqap xq.koÙkkiw.kZ LoPNrk rd gSA
• fpfdRlk midj.k {ks=kd vYifodflr gSA
xq.koÙkk dk vHkko%
• Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk {ks=kd dk ,d fo'ks"k igyw ;g gS fd vkSipkfjd :i ls izf'kf{kr LokLF; lsok iznkrkvksa dh lhfer
miyC/rkA blds ifj.kkeLo:i Hkkjr ds xzkeh.k {ks=kksa tgka ns'k dh 75» tula[;k fuokl djrh gSA ogka vf/dka'k
LokLF; lsok iznkrk vkSipkfjd :i ls izf'kf{kr ugha gSA
• csgrj LokLF;] ekuo lalk/u dks c<+kok nsrk gS ijarq fpfdRlk ,oa vU; LokLF; laca/h lsokvksa dh fLFkfr Hkkjr ds
LokLF; {ks=kd esa xq.koÙkk dh deh dks n'kkZrh gSA
• Hkkjr esa LokLF; lsok [kpZ ,oa xq.koÙkk ds eè; cM+k varjky gSA ;g vkuqikfrd :i ls ifjofrZr ugha gksrk tcfd O;;
vR;f/d gksrk gSA
• jksdFkke okyh laØked chekfj;ksa ls Hkh vR;f/d la[;k esa jksfx;ksa dh e`R;q gks tkrh gS tSls& Mk;fj;k] tsbZ (fcgkj
ds lanHkZ esa)] Msaxw (fnYyh) vkfn us vLirkyksa esa mipkj ds nkSjku xq.koÙkk dh deh dks lkfcr djrs gSaA
ljdkj }kjk fd, x, iz;kl%
• ubZ LokLF; uhfr esa futh {ks=kd ds lg;ksx ls lh,lvkj (CSR) iaQM dk mi;ksx dj lalk/uksa dh xfr'khyrk ij cy
fn;k x;kA
• fMftVy bf.M;k vfHk;ku ds varxZr bZ&LokLF; dk;ZØe pyk;k x;k ftldk mís'; foÙkh;:i ls oguh; ,oa le;
ij LokLF; lsokvksa dks lHkh O;fDr;ksa rd igqpkuk gS fo'ks"kr% mu yksxksa rd ftudh LokLF; lsokvksa rd igqap lhfer
gSA
• fpfdRlk midj.kksa dk ?kjsyw Lrj ij mRiknu dj egRoiw.kZ fpfdRlk midj.kksa dh dher dks fu;af=kr dj mu rd
oguh; igqap dks c<+kukA
Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• 10 djksM+ laosnu'khy xjhc ifjokjksa dks 5 yk[k #i;s rd izfro"kZ f}rh;d ,oa r`rh;d vLirkyh; LokLF; lqfoèkk
dks v;q"eku Hkkjr fe'ku }kjk miyC/ djukA
• tu vkS"kf/ ifj;kstukA
Hkfo"; gsrq lq>ko%
• volajpukRed eqís ds lek/ku gsrq chekfj;ksa dh tkap iz.kkyh esa csgrj ekun.M viukuk] xzkeh.k Dyhfudksa dk fuekZ.k]
LokLF; IT ra=k dk fodkl ,oa n{krk dks c<+kuk pkfg,A blds lkFk gh eq[;r% xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa izf'kf{kr MkWDVjksa dh
igqap dks Hkh lqfuf'pr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
• laLFkkxr Lrj ij vko';drk ds vuq:i uhfr fuekZ.k ds lkFk fuos'k gsrq yf{kr {kerk fuekZ.k ,oa xq.koÙkkiw.kZ o Hkjksles na
vkad.kksa dk mi;ksx djuk pkfg,A Hkkjr esa LokLF; ns[kHkky {ks=kd dh xq.koÙkk ,oa visf{kr ifj.kkeksa dh izkfIr ds fy,
ljdkj] fØ;kUo;u ,tsafl;ksa vkSj 'kks/drkZvksa dks lk{; vk/kfjr n`f"Vdks.k ds lkFk&lkFk lg;ksxkRed n`f"Vdks.k
viukuk pkfg,A
vr% gesa ,d cgqeq[kh n`f"Vdks.k dh vko';drk gS tks izkFkfed] f}rh;d ,oa r`rh;d rhuksa {ks=kdksa ij è;ku dsfUnzr djsaA
LokLF; lsokvksa rd igqap] oguh;rk vkSj miyC/rk dh izkfIr ;kstukvksa ds izHkkoh ,oa lrr~ fØ;kUo;u }kjk gh dh tk ldrh
gS tSls& vk;q"eku Hkkjr ;kstukA
8. Hkkjr esa mPp f'k{kk iz.kkyh dh fØ;kfof/ ls tqM+h leL;kvksa dks mtkxj dhft,A D;k vki lksprs gSa fd gky gh
esa fd, x, lq/kj ,oa mik; mPp f'k{kk ls lacaf/r bu leL;kvksa dk lek/ku dj ldrs gSa\
mÙkj dh lajpuk%
Hkwfedk% mPp f'k{kk esa ldy ukekadu vuqikr ls lacaf/r vkadM+s crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx%
• mPpf'k{kk dh dk;Ziz.kkyh esa fo|eku leL;k,aA
• gky gh esa fd, x, lq/kjA
• vU; D;k lq/kj djus dh vko';drk gSA
fu"d"kZ%
,d O;kid fu"d"kZ nsaA vki mPp f'k{kk dks ,lMhth (SDGs) dh liQyrk ls tksM+ ldrs gSaA
mÙkj%
fo'o ds nwljs lcls cM+s mPp f'k{kk ra=k ds ckotwn Hkh Hkkjr dk mPp f'k{kk esa ldy f'k{kk ukekadu (GER) dsoy 25»
gSA tcfd fo'o Lrj ij ;g 35» vkSlr gSA gky gh esa uhfr vk;ksx us U;w bafM;k @ 75 dk;ZØe ds rgr 2022 rd GER
dks 35» rd c<+kus dk y{; j[kk gSA
Hkkjr esa mPpf'k{kk dh dk;Ziz.kkyh ls tqM+h leL;k,a%
• mPp f'k{kk dh dk;Ziz.kkyh ls tqM+s vf/dka{k eqís cgqLrjh; fu;a=k.k dk;Z;kstuk ls lacaf/r gSA f'k{kk iznk;xh ds vafre
pj.k] ^d{kk* esa r`Lrjh; fofu;eu lapkfyr gksrk gS& fo'ofo|ky;] dkWyst vkSj ifj"kn~ (iB~;Øe ds vuqlkj)A ;s
izR;sd Lrj ij izos'k] lapkyu ,oa fudkl ck/kvksa esa vfregRoiw.kZ gSaA
• fofHkUu fofu;eu laLFkk,a tSls esfMdy dkmafly vkWiQ bf.M;k (MCI)] vf[ky Hkkjrh; rduhdh f'k{kk ifj"kn~
(AICTE) vkSj Hkkjrh; ckj dkmafly (BCI) vkfn vyx&vyx O;olk;ksa ls lacaf/r ikB~Øe dk izcaèku djrh gSaA
buesa ls nks ekU;rk izkIr laLFkkvksa ds uke fuEu gSa&
(i) jk"Vªh; ekU;rk cksMZ (NBA)& AICTE }kjk LFkkfirA
(ii) jk"Vªh; ewY;kadu vkSj ekU;rk ifj"kn~&UGC }kjk LFkkfirA

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fofu;eu ds fofHkUu Lrjksa ij vfrO;kiu ds dkj.k fo'ofo|ky;ksa dkWystksa dks [kksyus ,oa u, dkslks± dh 'kq:vkr djus esa la?k"kZ
dh fLFkfr ls le; rFkk /u dk vf/d O;; gksxkA
• mi&ekud futh fo'ofo|ky;ksa ,oa dkWystksa dk detksj volajpuk ds lkFk izlkjA
• Hkkjr dk dksbZ Hkh laLFkku fo'o ds 'kh"kZ 200 laLFkkuksa esa 'kkfey ugha gSaA
• ljdkj dk vR;f/d gLr{ksi& Lok;Ùkk dk vHkkoA
• foÙk dk vHkko (thMhih dk dsoy 0-7» Hkkx gh mPp f'k{kk ij O;; fd;k tkrk gSA)
• vuqla/ku ,oa fodkl (R&D) ds chp varZlacaf/r n`f"Vdks.k dk vHkkoA
bl leL;kvksa ds lek/ku gsrq gky gh esa fd, x, lq/kj%
• mPp f'k{kk foÙkiks"k.k izkf/dj.k (HEFA)%& vgZrk okys laLFkkvksa dks j.kuhfrd foÙk iznku dj mPp f'k{kk esa] fu"i{k
vkSj leku igqap dks c<+kukA
• ;qok vkdak{kh eu ds fy, lfØ; vf/xe dk osc vè;;u (SWAYAM)- MOOCs iz.kkyhA
• mUur (UNNAT) Hkkjr& mPp f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa esa R&D esa laLFkkxr {kerk dk fuekZ.k djukA fodklkRed pqukSfr;ksa
ds lek/ku gsrq IITs & NITs dks LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa ls tksM+ukA
• IMPRINT HkkjrA
• jk"Vªh; laLFkkxr jSafdax <kapk (dk;Z;kstuk)
• mu laLFkkvksa dh igpku djuk ftUgsa vf/d Lok;rÙkk ,oa foÙk iznku dj mPp f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk esa lq/kj fd;k tk
ldsA
• NAAC esa lq/kj] fo'ofo|ky;ksa dks oxhZÑr Lok;rÙkk dk vuqnkuA
Hkfo"; gsrq lq>ko%
• vkfFkZd losZ&2017&18 us mPp f'k{kk ,oa R&D esa ljdkjh iaQfMax (eq[;r% jkT; ljdkj }kjk) eas o`f¼ djus dh
fliQkfj'k dh gSA
• ,d mPp f'k{kk fofu;ked izkf/dj.k }kjk cgqLrjh; fofu;ked laLFkkvksa dks izfrLFkkfir djuk pkfg,A
• NIRF esa vPNk izn'kZu djus okys laLFkku dks ikB~;Øe] HkrhZ] dk;Zdky vkSj ,tsaMk lsfVax eas vf/d Lok;rÙkk ,oa
yphykiu iznku djukA
• m|ksx vkSj laLFkkuksa ds chp csgrj tqM+ko LFkkfir djuk rkfd cktkj vkSj ikB~;Øe fodflr djus gsrq vko';d dkS'ky
dh ekax dks le>k tk ldsA
mPp f'k{kk fdlh Hkh vFkZO;oLFkk dh jh<+ dh gM~Mh gksrh gS vkSj Hkkjr dks bl ij è;ku dsfUnzr djus dh vko';drk gS]
blls u dsoy tula[;k ykHkka'k dk mi;ksx gksxk cfYd f'k{kk] jkstxkj] xjhch vkSj Hkq[kejh tSls vf/dka'k SDGs y{;ksa dks
Hkh izkIr fd;k tk ldsxkA
9. lks'ky vkWfMV (lkekftd vad{s k.k) egRoiw.kZ gS ijarq lks'ky vkWfMV dh izfØ;k ds le{k fofHkUu pqukSfr;ka fo|eku
gSa ,oa blesa lq/kj gsrq izHkkoh j.kuhfr dh vko';drk gSA Hkkjr ds lanHkZ esa ppkZ dhft,A
mÙkj dh lajpuk &
Hkwfedk%
lks'ky vkWfMV dk vFkZ crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx%
mnkgj.kksa ds lkFk lks'ky vkWfMV dk egRo crkrs gq, blds le{k fo|eku pqukSfr;ksa ,oa buds lq/kj gsrq j.kuhfr lq>kb,A

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fu"d"kZ%&
lgHkkxh yksdra=k ds lanHkZ esa fu"d"kZ nhft,A
mÙkj%
lekt esa dk;Zjr laxBuksa ds ewY;kadu ,oa vads{k.k gsrq fo|eku ,d O;ofLFkr izfØ;k dks lks'ky vkWfMfVax dgrs gSaA blesa
izR;{k ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh Hkkxhnkjh Hkh gksrh gS tSls& ljdkjh ;kstuk & eujsxkA
lks'ky vkWfMV dk egRo&
• blls u dsoy laxBuksa dh tokcnsfgrk esa o`f¼ gksrh gS cfYd ukxfjd dsfUnzr 'kklu dks Hkh c<+kok feyrk gSA lkFk
gh blls yksxksa ,oa leqnk;ksa ds l'kDrhdj.k }kjk lgHkkxh yksdra=k dks Hkh c<+kok feyrk gSA
• fofHkUu ;kstukvksa ,oa dk;ZØeksa dh lks'ky vkWfMfVax gksus ls yksxksa esa blds izfr tkx:drk esa o`f¼ gksrh gS] ftlls
;kstukvksa dk fØ;kUo;u izHkkoh <ax ls gksrk gSA
• ;g Hkz"Vkpkj dks jksdus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gSA
• es?kky; ls izkIr vuqHkoksa ls lh[k feyrh gS fd lks'ky vkWfMV lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh ,oa fookn fuiVku dh izfØ;k ls
iw.kZr% tqM+k gqvk gSA
dsl LVMh&
(1) eujsxk ds rgr lks'ky vkWfMfVax ds ekè;e ls yxHkx 100 djksM+ :i;s (voS/ vkoaVu) dh igpku dh xbZ] ftlesa
ls yxHkx 40 djksM+ :i;s dh olwyh dj yh xbZ gSA
(2) blls tqM+s yxHkx 6000 dfeZ;ksa dks muds [kjkc izn'kZu ds dkj.k muds dk;ksZa ls c[kkZLr fd;k x;kA
pqukSfr;ka&
• egkRek xka/h jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k jkstxkj xkjaVh vf/fu;e (MANREGA) ,slk igyk dkuwu Fkk ftlesa lks'ky vkWfMV dks
oS/kfud :i ls vko';d cuk;k x;k ijarq bldh xfr vkt Hkh /heh cuh gqbZ gSA
• lks'ky vkWfMV esa jkT;ksa dh fuf"Ø;rk ,oa ofj"B vf/dkfj;ksa ds lg;ksx dk vHkko gksus ls bldh izHkko'khyrk esa deh
vkrh gSA
• lks'ky vkWfMV gsrq vi;kZIr volajpuk ,oa jktuhfrd bPNk'kfDr ls Li"V gksrk gS fd ns'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa ;g vius
dk;ksZa ds lEiknu esa Lora=k ugha gSA
• fo'ks"kKksa ds vHkko ,oa bl fn'kk esa ehfM;k dh fuf"Ø;rk blds le{k izeq[k pqukSrh gSA
• fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa tSls & eujsxk bR;kfn esa lks'ky vkWfMV dk izko/ku fd, tkus ds ckotwn tehuh Lrj ij bldk izHkkoh
fØ;kUo;u ugha gks ikrk gSA
lq/kj gsrq j.kuhfr;k¡&
• lks'ky vkWfMV dk fØ;kUo;u u djus okys izkf/dj.kksa ij tqekZuk yxkus ds lkFk&lkFk lks'ky vkWfMV dh izHkkfork esa
o`f¼ gsrq ofj"B ukxfjd f'k{kd ,oa fo'ks"kKksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dks c<+kok nsuk pkfg,A
• xzke lHkk ds Lrj ij lks'ky vkWfMV ds fØ;kUo;u ls lacaf/r izf'k{k.k iznku djus ds lkFk gh lkFk oafpr yksxks dh
vkokt dks ljdkj rd igqapkus gsrq fOgly Cyksvj laj{k.k fo/s;d tSls dkuwuh <kaps dk fuekZ.k djuk pkfg,A
• ukxfjd lewgksa ,oa O;fDr;ksa dks lks'ky vkWfMV dh izfØ;k esa lkewfgd Hkkxhnkjh fuHkkuh pkfg,A
• lHkh ljdkjh {ks=kd ds dk;ZØeksa gsrq lks'ky vkWfMV dks ykxw fd;k tkuk pkfg,A NGO blds lqn`<+hdj.k esa egRoiw.kZ
Hkwfedk fuHkk ldsrs gSa TkSls& jktLFkku ds lanHkZ esa MKSS dh HkwfedkA
lks'ky vkWfMV ,d cnyrs lekt dh vko';drk gSA es?kky; ns'k dk igyk jkT; cuk ftlus lks'ky vkWfMV ls lacaf/r dkuwu
dk fuekZ.k fd;kA ;g ,d Lokxr ;ksX; igy gS rFkk vU; jkT;ksa dks Hkh bldk vuqlj.k djuk pkfg,A

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10. ^^Hkq[kejh ls yM+uk 21oha 'krkCnh esa Hkkjr ds le{k ,d izeq[k pqukSrh gS tgka 250 fefy;u Hkkjrh; [kk| lqj{kk dh
n`f"V ls vlqjf{kr gS ,oa izfrfnu 2100 dSyksjh ls Hkh de mQtkZ izkIr dj ikrs gSaA** bl lanHkZ esa Hkkjr esa Hkq[kejh
dh izd`fr ,oa foLrkj dk ijh{k.k dhft,A bl leL;k ds lek/ku gsrq vko';d lq>koksa dk ewY;kadu dhft,A
Hkwfedk% Hkkjr eas Hkq[kejh ls lacaf/r vkadM+s nhft,A
eq[; Hkkx% Hkkjr esa Hkq[kejh dh izd`fr] foLrkj ,oa blds lek/ku gsrq mik; lq>kb,A
fu"d"kZ% Hkq[kejh ds mUewyu gsrq ,d lexz fVIIk.kh dhft,A
mÙkj%
oSf'od Hkq[kejh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj vko';d dSyksjh dh izkfIr u gksus dks Hkq[kejh ds :i esa lUnfHkZr fd;k tk ldrk gSA gky
gh esa tkjh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj 119 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr 100osa ik;nku ij Fkk rFkk ;g fiNys 9 o"kksZa esa Hkq[kejh esa lcls de deh
ykus okys ns'kksa esa ls ,d gSA
Hkkjr eas Hkq[kejh dh izd`fr&
(a) vYiiks"k.k& vko';d dSyksjh dh izkfIr u gksuk
(b) dqiks"k.k& ekuo LokLF; ds fy, vko';d dqN ;k lHkh iks"kd rRoksa dk vHkko tSls&
(i) izksVhu dk vHkko

(ii) lw{e iks"kd rRoksa dk vHkko
(c) eksVkik
Hkq[kejh dk foLrkj&
oSf'od [kk| lqj{kk ,oa iks"kd fLFkfr fjiksVZ 2017 ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa 190-7 fefy;u yksx Hkq[kejh ds f'kdkj gSa tks dqy
tula[;k dk 14-5» gSAa 5 o"kZ ls de vk;q ds 38-4» cPps LVafVax rFkk 51-4» efgyk,a xHkkZoLFkk ds nkSjku ,uhfe;k ds f'kdkj
gksrh gSaA gaxkek laosZ{k.k ds vuqlkj ns'k ds 100 yf{kr ftyksa esa ckyiks"k.k dh fLFkfr eas lq/kj gqvk gSA gkykafd bu yf{kr
ftyksa esa yxHkx 40» ls Hkh vf/d cPps vYiotu okys rFkk 60» cPps LVafVax ds f'kdkj gSaA
;g leL;k eq[; :i ls [kk| lqj{kk ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA Hkkjr }kjk vfrfjDr [kk|kUk mRiknu ds ckotwn Hkh 25» tula[;k Hkq[kejh
dk f'kdkj gSA
fo'o cSad dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj Hkkjrh; cPpksa esas vYiiks"k.k dh fLFkfr phu dh rqyuk esa 5 xquk ,oa milgkjk vizQhdk dh
rqyuk 2 xquk gSA
eka ,oa cPpksa esa dqiks"k.k dks nwj djus gsrq Hkkjr }kjk fofHkUu dne mBk, x, gSa ftlesa ls dqN mik; fuEu gSa&
• uhfr vk;ksx us fgr/kjdksa ds lkFk ijke'kZ dj jk"Vªh; iks"k.k j.kuhfr dks tkjh fd;k gS tks fofHkUu foHkkxksa ds eè;
leU;o; LFkkfir dj ;kstukvksa ds dojst] le; ij y{;ksa dh izkfIr vkSj fuxjkuh dks izHkkoh cuk,xhA
• xHkZorh efgykvksa vkSj Lruiku djkus okyh ekrkvksa gsrq ekr`Ro ykHk (iz/kuea=kh ekr` oanuk ;kstuk) ds rgr 5000 gtkj
:i;s rd dh /ujkf'k miyC/ djkbZ tkrh gSA
• ljdkj us ns'k esa vkaxuckM+h dsanzksa ,oa fd'kksj ckfydkvksa ds fy, ;kstukvksa gsrq 12000 djksM+ :i;s rd dh vfrfjDr
/ujkf'k vkoafVr dh gSA
• fofHkUu ljdkjh dk;ZØeksa tSls& ICDS, MDM ,oa PDS ds vUrxZr iQwM iQksfVZfiQds'ku dks vko';d cuk;k x;kA
• efgyk ,oa cky fodkl ea=kky; us ICDS ds rgr MIS ds fMftVyhdj.k dh 'kq:vkr dh gSA bl laca/ esa ik;yV
izkstsDV ds :i esa ICDS & CAS ra=k dks fodflr fd;k x;k gSA

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• ICDS ra=k lqn`<+hdj.k ,oa iks"k.k lq/kj ifj;kstuk dks vkus okys 3 o"kksZa esa 162 ftyksa rd foLrkfjr djus dk izLrko
gSA
• MNREGS dks ICDS ds vUrxZr 'kkfey djus ls 1-1 yk[k vkaxuckM+h dsUnzks }kjk ICDS lsokvksa dh izHkkoh iznk;xh
lqfuf'pr gksxhA
• iks"k.k ekudksa ds vk/kj ij fe'ku eksM ifj;kstuk gsrq 113 vfr fiNM+s ftyksa dh igpku dh xbZ gSA
• jk"Vªh; iks"k.k vfHk;ku dh fMftVy fuxjkuh dks foLrkfjr djrs gq, bldh fuxjkuh ,oa rduhdh lgk;rk iznku djus
gsrq uhfr vk;ksx ds vUrxZr ,d rduhdh lfpoky; ds xBu dk izLrko fd;k x;k gSA
• dqiks"k.k dks nwj djus gsrq LoPN Hkkjr vfHk;ku ,oa iks"k.k vfHk;ku dh 'kq:vkrA
Hkq[kejh vkSj dqiks"k.k dks lekIr djus gsrq gesa oSf'od Lrj ij lexz :i ls iz;kl djus dh vko';drk gSA MkWDVj ,e%,l%
LokfeukFku us lq>ko fn;k gS fd gesa uokpkjh mik; dj viuh mRikndrk] Ñf"k mRiknksa dh xq.koÙkk esa o`f¼ djuh pkfg,A
uokpkjh mik; tSls& ck;ksiQksfVZfiQds'ku] Hkkstu esa iks"kd rRoksa dh ek=kk c<+kus ds fy, vfrvko';d gSA
lcls cM+s nqX/ mRiknd vkSj ekal fu;kZrd ns'k dks izksVhu dh deh ls ugha tw>uk pkfg,A lkFk gh bu izlaLÑr mRiknksa rd
lHkh dh oguh; igqap lqfuf'pr dh tkuh pkfg,A
nks {ks=kksa esa egk'kfDr gksus ds dkj.k Hkkjr [kk| lqj{kk dh leL;k dk lek/ku dj ldrk gSA SDGs }kjk 2030 rd Hkq[kejh
dks iw.kZ :i ls lekIr djus dk y{; j[kk x;k gSA blfy, Hkkjr dks dBksj ,oa lrr~ iz;kl djus dh vko';drk gS] ftlesa
flfoy lkslkbVh vkSj ukxfjdksa dh lgk;rk ls liQyrk izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA
11. gkykafd 'kgjhdj.k vkfFkZd] lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd izxfr dk ,d midj.k gS] ijUrq Hkkjr ds ifjn`'; esa rhoz
'kgjhdj.k dh tfVyrkvksa us fo'kky vk;ke xzg.k fd;k gSA ppkZ dhft,A lkFk gh Hkkjr esa 'kgjh dsUnzksa dks fodkl
dk batu cukus gsrq mik; lq>kb,A
Hkwfedk & Hkkjr esa 'kgjhdj.k ls tqM+h pqukSfr;k¡ vkSj volj
eq[; Hkkx
• rhoz 'kgjhdj.k ls mRiUu tfVyrkvksa dh ppkZ djsaA
• Hkkjr esa 'kgjh dsUnzksa dks fodkl dk batu cukus gsrq lq>ko 'kkfey djsaA
• Hkfo"; dh jkg
fu"d"kZ% LFkkuh; leL;kvksa ds fy, LFkkuh; mik;ksa dks viuk;k tkuk pkfg,A
mÙkj%
2025 rd Hkkjr nqfu;k dh rhljh lcls cM+h vFkZO;oLFkk gksxk (HSBC 2018)A bl o`f¼ dk dkj.k ns'k dk 'kgjhdj.k gS tks
rsth ls iw.kk±dksa esa o`f¼ dj jgk gS_ gkykafd ;fn n'kdh; vk/kj ij o`f¼ nj dh x.kuk dh tk, rks ;g rhoz ugha gSA fo'o
cSad ds vuqlkj Hkkjr] phu] b.Mksusf'k;k] ukbthfj;k ,oa la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk tSls ns'kksa esa 2050 rd 'kgjh tula[;k dh o`f¼
vius pje ij igqap tk,xhA Hkkjr esa gks jgs 'kgjhdj.k ls volj ,oa pqukSfr;k¡ nksuksa dk l`tu gksxkA
pqukSfr;k¡
• ;kstuk % orZeku le; esa xzkeh.k 'kgjh ckÞ; {ks=kksa esa 'kgjhdj.k dk rhoz foLrkj gks jgk gSA blfy, bu ckÞ; {ks=kksa ds
lrr fodkl gsrq ;Fkk 'kh?kz nh?kkZof/d ;kstuk cukus dh vko';drk gSA
• ifjogu ,oa lapkj % Hkfo"; esa ifjogu lqfo/kvksa dks vkil esa tksM+uk loZizeq[k pqukSrh gSA ladjh lM+ds] jsy vkSj
eSVªks lajpuk dh vi;kZIrrk ds dkj.k 'kgjksa esa ifjogu ra=k /hek ,oa detksj gSA
• vkokl % esVªksiksfyVu {ks=kksa esa thou ;kiu dh dher vR;f/d gSA

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• izolu % 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa jkstxkj izkfIr gsrq ;gk¡ yksx yxkrkj izokl dj jgs gSaA blls >qXxh cfLr;ksa dh la[;k esa o`f¼
ds lkFk&lkFk lkoZtfud LokLF; ra=k ij Hkh ncko c<+rk gSA
• Bksl vif'k"V izca/u % LoPN ,oa iznw"k.k jfgr 'kgjh okrkoj.k dh miyC/rk esa ukfHkdh;] lkbcj vkSj IykfLVd dpjs
dk izca/u eq[; pqukSrh gSA
• xjhch % 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa xjhch dh izÑfr fof'k"V gSA lM+d ij leku foØsrkvksa vkSj vU; vlaxfBr {ks=kksa ls tqM+s yksx]
efgyk,¡] cPps vkSj o`¼ksa dh tula[;k eq[;r% fcxM+rh 'kgjh ikfjfLFkfrdh ls tw> jgh gSA
• i;kZoj.kh; pqukSfr;k¡ % ekuo tfur vkSj i;kZoj.kh; vkinkvksa ,oa vfu;ksftr 'kgjksa ls lacaf/r pqukSfr;ksa esa o`f¼ gqbZ
gSA
• lsok iznkf;xh % le; vkc¼ lsok iznk;xh LFkkuh; Lo'kklu ds le{k izeq[k pqukSrh gS vr% yksd iz'kklu dks u, yksd
izca/u dh vksj foLFkkfir djuk pkfg,A
vko';d mik;
• 'kgjh fodkl ds fy, ekuo mi;qDr volajpuk dk fuekZ.k vfr egRoiw.kZ gSA [ksy dk eSnku] gfjr {ks=k] [kqyk {ks=k]
iSny ;kf=k;ksa gsrq iqQVikFk] lkoZtfud cxhps vkfn dk lqfu;ksftr fuekZ.k dj i;kZoj.k dh fLFkjrk dks cuk, j[kk tk
ldrk gSA
• lekt ds lHkh oxks± ds fy, fMftVy bafM;k dk;ZØe vkSj lwpuk rduhd ds }kjk oguh; miyC/rk lqfuf'pr djukA
'kgjh {ks=kksa esa ,d okLrfod yksdrkaf=kd iz.kkyh dks LFkkfir djus gsrq fMftVy fMokbM dks lekIr djuk izkFkfed
vko';drk gSA ICT, NeGP, NOFN vkfn dh 'kfDr;ksa dk mfpr nksgu djuk pkfg,A
• gky gh esa ljdkj }kjk] cká {ks=kksa ij vk/kfjr uhfr Lokxr ;ksX; gSA
• volajpukRed fodkl ds nkSjku gfjr fu;eksa dk ikyu djus ds lkFk&lkFk 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa ty ladV dh leL;k ds
lek/ku gsrq ikjEifjd ty volajpuk dks thoar (iquthZfor) djuk pkfg,A
• Ýysxf'ki ;kstukvksa tSls& LekVZ flVh] AMRUT] lHkh ds fy, vkokl] HRIDAY vkSj LoPN Hkkjr vkfn dk y{; u
dsoy csgrj 'kgjh 'kklu dks iznku djuk gS cfYd Hkkjrh; 'kgjksa dks lrr fodkl ds lkFk&lkFk lao`f¼ dk gc cukuk
Hkh gSA
• lq/kjksa dh Ja`[kyk esa izksRlkgu vkSj grksRlkgu ds izko/kuksa dks 'kkfey dj bu y{;ksa dh izkfIr dh tk ldrh gSA
lkoZHkkSfed vkokl gsrq izksRlkgu ds :i esa oguh; vkoklh; volajpuk dk ntkZ nsuk] mi;qDr vko';d mik;ksa esa dj
NwV vkSj FDI iznku djuk vkfnA
• ljdkj }kjk uokpkjh mik;ksa tSls& dpjs ls mQtkZ] dpjs ls dEiksLV [kkn vkSj inkFkks± dk iqu%mi;ksx vkfn dks c<+kok
nsdj vif'k"V inkFkks± dks lrr 'kgjhdj.k dk Hkkx cuk;k tk jgk gSA
Hkfo"; dh jkg
• lHkh ds fy, vkokl] uhfr dh okf"kZd leh{kk ds lkFk vkxs c<+krs gq, jkT;ksa dh izn'kZu vk/kfjr jSafdax dh tkuh pkfg,A
dsUnz ljdkj }kjk fodkl'khy 'kgjksa ds pkjksa vksj xfr'khyrk usVodZ dks xaHkhjrk ls ysrs gq, jk"Vªh; 'kgjh ifjogu uhfr
dks yk;k x;k gSA
• 'kgjh 'kklu uhfr;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk jkT;ksa dks Hkh isfjl le>kSrs ds varxZr jk"Vªh; dkcZu mRltZu esa deh ds y{;ksa gsrq
lkewfgd iz;kl djus pkfg, rkfd lrr~ fodkl y{;&11 dh izkfIr dh tk ldsA
• lrr ekuo cfLr;ksa dh izkfIr gsrq ,d izHkkoh dk;Z;kstuk dh vko';drk gSA blls i;kZIr vkokl] ty] mQtkZ] LoPNrk
vkSj Bksl vif'k"V izca/u ds lkFk&lkFk vU; vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ dks Hkh lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxkA
• 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa volajpuk] vkokl] >qXxh cfLr;ksa dk mUu;u] iznw"k.k esa deh] jkstxkj] f'k{kk vkSj LokLF; {ks=kd dh
dfe;ksa dks nwj djus gsrq ,d O;ofLFkr ;kstuk ds lkFk&lkFk lkoZtfud ,oa futh {ks=kd dh lgHkkfxrk dh Hkh
vko';drk gSA
'kgjksa esa csgrj thou iz.kkyh ds fuekZ.k gsrq csgrj izca/u dh vko';drk gSA yksd yqHkkou mik;ksa dh rqyuk esa LFkkuh;
leL;kvksa ds lek/ku gsrq LFkkuh; mik;ksa dks viukus ij cy nsuk pkfg,A
Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
12. jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr&2019 ds fØ;kUo;u esa laHkkfor ck/kvksa dh ppkZ djrs gq, bldh izeq[k fo'ks"krkvksa dk o.kZu
dhft,A Hkkjr dh f'k{kk iz.kkyh vkSj U;w bafM;k dks ,d ubZ jkg iznku djus gsrq ljdkj ds fy, lokZf/d mi;qDr
jkLrk D;k gS\
Hkwfedk & i`"BHkwfe ds lkFk bl uhfr ds mn~ns';ksa dks la{ksi esa crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx
• jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr] 2019 dh izeq[k fo'ks"krkvksa dks crkb,A
• blds fØ;kUo;u esa laHkkfor pqukSfr;ksa dh ppkZ djsaA
• Hkkjr ljdkj ds fy, lokZf/d mi;qDr fodYi nhft,A
fu"d"kZ% Hkkjrh; f'k{kk ds lanHkZ esa Hkfo";ksUeq[kh fVIi.kh dhft,A
mÙkj%
ekStwnk jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr] 1986 esa Hkkjrh; ;qok tula[;k dh ledkyhu o Hkfo"; dh vko';drkvksa ds vuq:i 1992 esa
blesa vko';d ifjorZu fd, x,A ubZ f'k{kk uhfr ds izk:i esa f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk] uokpkj vkSj 'kks/ tSls xfr'khy ifjorZuksa
dks 'kkfey fd;k x;kA ubZ f'k{kk uhfr dk mn~ns'; fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vko';d dkS'ky vkSj Kku iznku dj Hkkjr dks ,d ukWyst
lwijikWoj ds :i esa LFkkfir djuk FkkA lkFk gh blesa foKku] rduhd] f'k{kk vkSj m|ksx {ks=kksa esa ekuo'kfDr dh deh ij Hkh
cy fn;k x;kA
izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡%
• blesa Ldwyh f'k{kk] mPp f'k{kk vkSj O;kolkf;d f'k{kk ds lkFk&lkFk Ñf"k f'k{kk] fof/d f'k{kk] fpfdRlk f'k{kk vkSj
rduhdh f'k{kk dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
• blesa f'k{kdksa dh f'k{kk vkSj 'kks/ ,oa uokpkj ds }kjk mQèokZ/j f'k{kk ra=k dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
• f'k{kk ea=kky; }kjk blesa ,dhÑr 'kS'kkoLFkk ns[kHkky vkSj f'k{kk ra=k dh ekax j[kh xbZ gSA ¹ekuo lalk/u vkSj fodkl
ea=kky; (MHRD) ds fy, uke ifjorZu dk lq>koº
• blesa Ldwyh f'k{kk gsrq iz'kklfud Lrj ij ifjorZu dk lq>ko fn;k x;k gSA blesa ,d jkT; fofu;ked izkf/dj.k ds
ekè;e ls ns'k esa f'k{kk ds fofu;eu dk lq>ko Hkh 'kkfey gSA ;g laLFkk fo|ky;ksa dh ekU;rk ls lacaf/r fu.kZ; ysxhA
ljdkj }kjk foÙk iznku dj ns'k esa f'k{kk iz.kkyh dk lapkyu fd;k tk,xkA
• uhfr esa mPp f'k{kk dh izkfIr gsrq xjhc Nk=kksa dh lgk;rk ds fy, jk"Vªh; Nk=k o`fÙk iQaM dk izko/ku gSA
• ,d l'kDr 'kks/ laLÑfr (fjlpZ dYpj) ds fuekZ.k gsrq 'kh"kZ fudk; ds :i esa jk"Vªh; fjlpZ iQkmaMs'ku dks LFkkfir
djukA ;g mPp f'k{kk ds Lrj ij 'kks/ {kerk c<+us esa lgk;d gksxkA
• jk"Vªh; mPp f'k{kk fofu;ked izkf/dj.k dsoy lHkh mPp f'k{kk] ftlesa O;olkf;d f'k{kk Hkh 'kkfey gS dk fofu;eu
djsxkA
• bl uhfr ds rgr jk"Vªh; ewY;kadu ,oa ekU;rk ifj"kn~ ds varxZr ,d ekU;rk iznku djus okys ra=k dks fodflr fd;k
tk,xkA
pqukSfr;k¡%
• vk/kjHkwr lh[kus dh izfØ;k dks Ldwyh f'k{kk ds lkFk tksM+us gsrq O;kid lgefr dk vHkko gSA ;wjksi esa vfuok;Z f'k{kk
6 o"kZ dh vk;q rFkk MsuekdZ] teZuh] fiQuyS.M tSls ns'kksa esa ;g 7 o"kZ dh vk;q ls 'kq: gksrh gSA
• MªkÝV uhfr esa ;g mYys[k ugha fd;k x;k gS fd jkT; fu;ked laLFkk fdl izdkj ljdkjh laLFkkvksa dk fofu;eu djsxhA
• ns'k esa vfuok;Z Ldwfyax dh lhek esa cnyko gsrq ,d laoS/kfud la'kks/u dh vko';drk gSA
• ns'k esa f'k{kdksa ds izf'k{k.k ls lacaf/r mi;qDr volajpuk dk vHkko gSA bl uhfr esa ,e-,M- (M. Ed) dks de egRo
fn;k x;k gS rFkk ch-,M- (B.Ed) ij eq[; cy fn;k x;k gSA

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
Hkfo"; dh jkg%
• f'k{kk ,d leorhZ lwph dk fo"k; gSA dsUnz rFkk jkT;ksa dh lgefr ds lkFk fofHkUu fgr/kjdksa dks blds lqn`<+hdj.k
gsrq Hkwfedk fuHkkuh pkfg,A
• ns'k dh f'k{kk iz.kkyh esa usVy ,oa izhusVy vè;;u dks 'kkfey djuk pkfg, ftlls ns'k esa ekr`Ro e`R;qnj rFkk f'k'kq
e`R;q nj ds ckjs esa tkx:drk c<+sxhA
• f'k{kdksa ds izf'k{k.k gsrq izf'k{k.k laLFkkvksa ds xBu dh vko';drk gSA
• f'k{kk uhfr esa fofHkUu {ks=kksa dh Hkk"kk ,oa f'k{kk ds chp lgthoh laca/ LFkkfir djuk pkfg,A
• f'k{kk dk mn~ns'; lk{kjrk c<+kus ds lkFk&lkFk ns'k esa fo'ys"k.kkRed ekgkSy dks rS;kj djuk Hkh gksuk pkfg,A
Hkkjrh; f'k{kk iz.kkyh dk mn~ns'; u dsoy bathfu;j cfYd m|fe;ksa] dykdkjksa] oSKkfudksa ,oa ys[kdksa bR;kfn dk fuekZ.k djuk
Hkh gksuk pkfg, tks vFkZO;oLFkk ds fodkl esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA MªkÝV f'k{kk uhfr dks vius mn~ns';ksa dh izkfIr gsrq
,d nh?kZdkyhu jkLrk r; djuk gSA
13. Hkkjr dh Hkk"kkbZ fofo/rk ls mHkjus okys eqn~nksa ds lek/ku gsrq f=kHkk"kk iQkWewZyk liQy ugha gks ik;kA fVIi.kh dhft,A
D;k vaxzsth dks LFkk;h :i ls jk"Vªh; tqM+ko dh Hkk"kk ds :i esa ekU;rk nh tkuh pkfg,\
Hkwfedk & jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr] 2019 }kjk izLrqr fd, x, f=kHkk"kk iQkWewZyk ls lacaf/r fojks/ dks crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx
• f=kHkk"kk iQkWewZyk rFkk bldh gkfu;ksa dh ppkZ dhft,A
• vaxzsth fdl izdkj Hkkjr esa Hkk"kkbZ la?k"kZ dks lekIr dj ldrh gS rFkk vaxzsth ls lacaf/r gkfu;k¡ crkb,A
fu"d"kZ% vfuok;Z f'k{kk {ks=kh; Hkk"kk esa rFkk vaxzsth dks Hkkjr dh tqM+ko okyh Hkk"kk ds :i esa fodflr djuk pkfg,A
mÙkj%
dLrwjhjaxu dh vè;{krk esa cuh jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr] 2019 dks ukxfjdksa ds ijke'kks± gsrq bls ekuo lalk/u ,oa fodkl ea=kky;
dks lkSai fn;k x;k gSA bl uhfr esa izLrkfor f=kHkk"kk iQkWewZyk dk fojks/ fd;k x;kA
f=kHkk"kk iQkWewZyk%
• bldh 'kq:vkr 1961 ls ns[kh tk ldh gS tc Hkkjr ds fofHkUu jkT;ksa ds eq[;eaf=k;ksa }kjk bls vkilh lgefr ij ykxw
fd;k x;kA bldk mn~ns'; Kku ds foLrkj ds lkFk&lkFk ns'k esa HkkoukRed ,dhdj.k dks c<+kok nsuk FkkA
• jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr 1968 ds vuqlkj f=kHkk"kk iQkWewZyk dk rkRi;Z fganh ,oa vaxzsth ds vfrfjDr ,d {ks=kh; Hkk"kk dks f'k{kk
ds ekè;e ds :i esa 'kkfey djuk FkkA
• bl iQkWewZyk dks dksBkjh ;kstuk (1964&66) }kjk la'kksf/r fd;k x;k] ftlesa {ks=kh; Hkk"kk rFkk ekr`Hkk"kk dks 'kkfey djus
dk funsZ'k fn;k x;kA
;|fi f=kHkk"kk uhfr dh fuEufyf[kr gkfu;k¡ Hkh gSa
• f=kHkk"kk iQkWewZyk {ks=kh; Hkk"kk esa f'k{kk ds voljksa dks c<+kok nsrk gS ijUrq blds izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u dk vHkko gSA
• ;g foyqIr gksrh {ks=kh; Hkk"kkvksa ds laj{k.k esa vliQy jgkA
• fo|kfFkZ;ksa ij vfrfjDr fo"k;ksa ds vè;;u dk ncko c<+rk gS tSls& dqN {ks=kksa esa laLÑr dks vfuok;Z cuk;k x;k gSA
• bl uhfr esa fgUnh 54» Hkkjrh;ksa dh Hkk"kk gksus ds dkj.k bl ij vf/d cy fn;k x;k gSA
• 2001 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj 121 djksM+ yksxksa esa ls 52 djksM+ yksxksa dh Hkk"kk ds :i esa fgUnh dks igpku feyh
tcfd yxHkx 32 djksM+ yksxksa us fgUnh dks ekr`Hkk"kk ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;kA
• bldk rkRi;Z gS fd fgUnh 44» ls Hkh de Hkkjrh;ksa dh Hkk"kk gS rFkk yxHkx 25» yksxksa dh ekr`Hkk"kk gSA

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• ijUrq fgUnh dks jk"Vªh; Hkk"kk cukus gsrq fofHkUu jkT;ksa fo'ks"kdj nf{k.kh jkT;ksa esa fgUnh ds iz;ksx ij tksj nsus dh vko';drk
gSA
Hkkjr esa Hkk"kkbZ igsyh dks dsoy ^vaxzsth* dks tqM+ko dh Hkk"kk cukdj gh gy fd;k tk ldrk gS&
• ;g fgUnh ,oa xSj fgUnh {ks=kksa dh lkekU; Hkk"kk gSA
• vaxzsth ,d oSf'od Hkk"kk gS rFkk Hkkjrh; fofHkUu {ks=kksa tSls& IT {ks=kd] dkWy lsUVj vkfn esa bldk izHkkoh :i ls mi;ksx
djrs gSaA
• fo'o esa vkilh tqM+ko cukus gsrq vaxzsth dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gSA
• Hkkjr esa cksyh tkus okyh dqN Hkk"kk,¡ fgUnh ls Hkh izkphu gSa rFkk ;s yksx le`¼ laLÑfr ,oa fojklr dk izrhd gSA vr%
,sls yksxksa ij fgUnh dk iz;ksx vkjksfir djuk la?k"kZ dks c<+kok nsxkA
gkykafd vaxzsth viuh ,d vyx gh igpku LFkkfir dj jgh gS D;ksafd&
• vfHkHkkod u dsoy vius cPpksa dks vaxzsth ekè;e esa f'k{kk nsus ij vf/d cy nsrs gSa cfYd vaxzsth cksyuk lekt esa
fo}kurk dk izrhd Hkh ekuk tkrk gSA
• xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa vaxzsth f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk vPNh ugha gS rFkk vkxs pydj ;s yksx 'kgjh {ks=k ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls izfrLi/
hZ djus esa tfVyrk dk lkeuk djrs gSaA
vfuok;Z f'k{kk dks {ks=kh; Hkk"kk esa iznku djuk pkfg, rFkk vaxt
sz h dks Hkkjr esa ,d lkekftd tqMk+ o dh Hkk"kk ds :i esa fodflr
fd;s tkus vko';d gSA
14. gky gh esa 'kq: dh xbZ iz/kuea=kh fdlku lEeku fuf/ (PM - KISAN) ;kstuk dks okLrfod lkoZHkkSfed vk/kjHkwr
vk; lqfuf'pr djus ds brj ,d yksdyqHkkou ;kstuk ds :i esa ns[kk tk jgk gS] D;k vki lger gSa\ D;k vki
lksprs gSa fd ;g fdlkuksa ds le{k fo|eku laLFkkxr eqn~nksa dk lek/ku dj ldrh gS\
Hkwfedk & ;kstuk dk mn~ns'; crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx
• bldh fo'ks"krk,¡ ,oa okLrfod lkoZHkkSfed vk/kjHkwr vk; (UBI) ds lanHkZ esa ;kstuk dh ppkZ dhft,A
• fdlkuksa ds le{k fo|eku laLFkkxr pqukSfr;ksa ds lek/ku gsrq ;g ;kstuk fdl lhek rd lgk;d gS\
fu"d"kZ% fdlkuksa ds le{k fo|eku pqukSfr;ksa dks nwj djus gsrq laLFkkxr mik;ksa dh vko';drk dks crkb,A
mÙkj%
vke ctV 2019 esa PM - KISAN ;kstuk ds rgr nks gsDVs;j rd tehu okys fdlkuksa gsrq 6000 :i;s okf"kZd lgk;rk nsus
dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA bldk mn~ns'; fdlkuksa dh vk; dks lqfuf'pr dj mudk l'kDrhdj.k djuk gSA
PM - KISAN dk egRo
• bl ;kstuk ds varxZr dsUnz ljdkj }kjk 2019&20 esa yxHkx 75000 djksM+ :i;s dks NksVs ,oa lhekar fdlkuksa dks
vkoafVr dj budk l'kfDrdj.k djus dk mn~ns'; j[kk x;k gSA
• gky gh esa blds nk;js dks c<+kdj 2 djksM+ vfrfjDr fdlkuksa dks blesa 'kkfey fd;k x;k blls ykHkkfUor yksxksa
dh la[;k 14-5 djksM+ gks xbZ gSA blesa lHkh Hkwfe/kjdksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tk,xkA
,d yksdyqHkkou uhfr ;k ,d okLrfod lkoZHkkSfed vk/kjHkwr vk;
• jaxjktu desVh dh fjiksVZ] 2014 ds vuqlkj ,d xzkeh.k ifjokj dk vkSlr ekfld [kpZ 4860 :i;s gksrk gS vr%
bl ;kstuk ds rgr bUgsa vko';d vk/kjHkwr vk; Hkh izkIr ugha gks ik,xhA

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• ukckMZ dh foÙkh; lekos'ku losZ{k.k&2017 dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj ifjokjksa dk vkSlr okf"kZd cdk;k Í.k 19]407
:i;s gksrk gSA ;g ;kstuk vkSlr Í.k dk dsoy 10ok¡ Hkkx gh ifjokjksa dks miyC/ djkrh gSA PM-KISAN ;kstuk ds
rgr ykHkkFkhZ Í.kekiQh gsrq nkok ugha dj ldrsA
• blds varxZr Ñf"k {ks=kd esa lafyIr 263 fefy;u Hkwfeghu etnwjksa dh vuns[kh dh xbZ gSA xzkeh.k etnwj eq[;r% iQly
mRiknu ds vfrfjDr xSj Ñf"k vkSj volajpuk fuekZ.k ds dk;ks± ij fuHkZj gksrs gSaA
• xzkeh.k vk; lalk/uksa ds vHkko ls yxHkx 10 jkT;ksa ds etnwj xjhch ,oa csjkstxkjh ls tw> jgs gaSA ;g ;kstuk fdlkuksa
,oa iQeZ eas dk;Z djus okys etnwjksa ds lkFk vyx&vyx O;ogkj djrh gS ftlls xzkeh.k Hkkjr esa vlekurk dh [kkbZ
c<+ ldrh gSA
• PM-KISAN xzkeh.k {ks=k esa :i; dh rjyrk dks c<+kok nsxh ijUrq Ñf"k esa c<+ jgh ykxr ,oa volajpuk ds vHkko
dks Hkh nwj djus dh vko';drk gSA
fdlkuksa ds le{k fo|eku lajpukRed eqn~ns
• Ñf"k o`f¼ nj gky gh ds o"kks± esa vfuf'pr jgh gSA ;g 2012&13 esa 1-5» rFkk 2013&14 esa 5-6» FkhA 2014&15
esa ;g fxjdj &0-2» tcfd 2015&16 esa 0-7» jghA
• NksVs ,oa lhekar fdlkuksa (nks gsDVs;j ls de Hkwfe okys) dh la[;k dqy fdlkuksa dh 72» gS rFkk buesa ls vf/dka'k
vukSipkfjd Í.k lzksrksa ls tqM+s gq, gSA
lajpukRed eqn~ns ftUgsa PM-KISAN ;kstuk }kjk gy fd;k tk ldrk gS&
• blls u dsoy fdlkuksa dh vk; ,oa mRikndrk esa o`f¼ gksxh cfYd ;g tehankjksa ,oa vukSipkfjd Í.k lzksrksa ds ncko
ls cpus ds lkFk&lkFk iQly dVkbZ ls iwoZ lhekar fdlkuksa dh vk; dks Hkh lqfuf'pr djsxkA
• ,d fuf'pr vk; fdlkuksa dks mRikndrk esa o`f¼ gsrq izsfjr djus ds lkFk&lkFk iQlyksa ds ewY;ksa esa gksus okys mrkj&p<+ko
ls Hkh lqj{kk iznku djsxhA
laLFkkxr eqn~ns ftUgsa bl ;kstuk ds }kjk gy ugha fd;k tk ldrk&
• uxn gLrkarj.k Ñf"k esa vko';d lajpukRed lq/kjksa dk ,d ek=k fodYi ugha gS] u gh ;g jk"Vªh; [kk| lqj{kk vfèkfu;e
,oa lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh ds rgr iznku dh tkus okyh lfClMh dk fodYi gSA
• uxn gLrkarj.k Ñf"k esa mifLFkr orZeku pqukSfr;ksa dk iw.kZ lek/ku ugha gS rFkk u gh ;g Ñf"k esa ?kVrs fuos'k dk fodYi
gS] tks okLrfod ek;uksa esa 2-3» rd vk x;k gSA
Hkfo"; dh jkg%
• nh?kZdkyhu lek/ku gsrq ;g vko';d gS fd fo|eku ;kstukvksa dk csgrj fØ;kUo;u fd;k tk, tSlk fd LokehukFku
lfefr us lq>ko fn;k fd fdlkuksa ds mRiknu dh ykxr dqy ykxr ls 50» rd vf/d gksuh pkfg,A lkFk gh lkFk
ljdkj dks iQly chek] csgrj flapkbZ lqfo/k ,oa cht rFkk [kkn ij lfClMh vkfn ij cy nsuk pkfg,A
orZeku esa Ñf"k ds le{k fo|eku pqukSfr;ksa ds lek/ku gsrq vko';d gS fd u dsoy volajpukRed lqfo/kvksa dks csgrj cuk;k
tk, cfYd Ñf"k esa vk/qfud rduhd ds mi;ksx }kjk ykxr esa deh o mRiknu esa o`f¼ ij è;ku fn;k tk,A lkFk gh Ñf"k
oLrqvksa dh xfr'khyrk gsrq ifjogu ra=k dk lqn`<+hdj.k djuk pkfg,A
15. ;g efgyk,¡ gh gSa tks ifjokj dk ikyu&iks"k.k djrh gSa] fiQj Hkh fiNys dqN eghuksa esa buds fo:¼ vijk/ dsUnz
fcUnq esa jgs gSa] ftuesa dbZ t?kU; vijk/ iwjs ns'k esa ik, x, gSaA efgykvksa ds fo:¼ vijk/ksa dks jksdus esa ifjokjksa
dh Hkwfedk dh ppkZ djrs gq, efgykvksa ds fo:¼ gksus okyh fgalk ds dkj.kksa dk ijh{k.k dhft,A
Hkwfedk & efgykvksa ds lkFk dbZ izdkj dh fgalk,¡ ikfjokfjd Lrj ls gh 'kq: gks tkrh gSaA
eq[; Hkkx
• ifjokjksa esa efgykvksa ds fo:¼ fgalk ds dkj.kksa ,oa buds lek/ku esa ifjokjksa dh Hkwfedk dks crkrs gq, Hkfo"; dh jkg
lq>kb,A

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
fu"d"kZ% ikfjokfjd Lrj ij ySafxd HksnHkko dks de djus ij cy nsuk pkfg,
mÙkj%
ifjokj dks izse] lqj{kk ,oa vkokl LFky dh laKk nh tkrh gS fiQj Hkh dqN efgykvksa dks ikfjokfjd Lrj ij fgalk dk lkeuk
djuk iM+rk gSA
ifjokjksa esa efgykvksa ds fo:¼ gksus okyh fgalk ds dkj.k&
• ySafxd lekurk dk vHkko] efgykvksa ds izfr HksnHkko] fgalk ,oa nqO;kZikj dh laosnu'khyrk dks c<+krk gSA
• fi=klÙkkRed lekt rFkk efgykvksa dh foÙkh; lalk/uksa rd lhfer igqap ds lkFk&lkFk iq:"kksa }kjk fu;fer :i
ls 'kjkc dk lsou efgykvksa ds izfr gksus okyh fgalk dks c<+kok nsrk gSA
• fofHkUu izdkj dh ijEijkxr ,oa lkaLÑfrd ijEijk,¡ tSls& cky fookg] nsonklh izFkk ,oa ikfjokfjd izfr"Bk ds
uke ij ckfydkvksa dh gR;k vkfn efgykvksa ds izfr fgalk ds :i esa fo|eku gSaA
efgykvksa ds fo:¼ vijk/ksa dks jksdus esa ifjokj dh Hkwfedk
• ifjokj] lkekftd] vkfFkZd ,oa jktuhfrd f'k{kk ds lkFk u dsoy cPpksa esa lekthdj.k dh f'k{kk esa Hkwfedk fuHkkrs
gSa cfYd cPpksa dks lqjf{kr ,oa l'kDr cukdj jk"Vªh; ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij izkIr voljksa gsrq ;ksX; Hkh cukrs gS_ ftlls
u dsoy budh foÙkh; igqap dk foLrkj gksrk gS cfYd budk l'kfDrdj.k Hkh gksrk gSA
• fofHkUu lektksa ,oa fofHkUu u`tkrh; ,oa lkaLÑfrd lewgksa ds chp efgykvksa dh lqj{kk esa ifjokj egRoiw.kZ lqj{kkra=k
ds :i esa dk;Z djrs gSaA
• varjkZ"Vªh; ifjokj fnol ij lekt dh ,d vk/kjHkwr bdkbZ ds :i esa ifjokj dh egÙkk dks izdkf'kr fd;k x;kA la;qDr
jk"Vª egklHkk }kjk 1993 esa 15 ebZ dks varjkZ"Vªh; ifjokj fnol ds :i esa eukus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA
vkxs dk jkLrk
• efgykvksa dks ikfjokfjd Lrj ij ,d leku egRo fn;k tkuk pkfg, ftlls cPps Hkh efgykvksa ds izfr lEeku ds Hkko
dk egRo lh[ksaxsA
• ljdkj dks ikWDlks vf/fu;e] efgykvksa dh ?kjsyw fgalk ls lqj{kk vf/fu;e bR;kfn ds laca/ esa yksxksa dks tkx:d djus
ds lkFk&lkFk bu dkuwuksa dk ikyu u djus ij mfpr n.M dh O;oLFkk Hkh djuh pkfg,A
• ifjokj esa iq:"kksa] iqfyl dfeZ;ksa ,oa fpfdRlk dfeZ;ksa gsrq fyax laosnh dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
• ifjokjksa dks ckfydk ,oa ckydksa dks fcuk HksnHkko ds mPp f'k{kk iznku djus ij cy nsuk pkfg,A
• rduhd ds nq:i;ksx ls vijk/ksa esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA rduhdh ds lgh mi;ksx ij cy nsus dh vko';drk gSA
vr% fyax laca/h HksnHkko ,oa fgalk dks nwj djus gsrq ifjokj] lekt ,oa f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa dks egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gq, ySafxd
lekurk ,oa efgyk l'kDrhdj.k ij cy nsuk pkfg,A
16. iz/kuea=kh tu vkjksX; ;kstuk (PM-JAY) Ldhe dks gky gh esa Hkkjr ds LokLF; {ks=kd dks laof/Zr djus ds mn~ns';
ls yk¡p fd;k x;k ijUrq bldh vusd lhek,¡ Hkh gSaA bl lanHkZ esa ijh{k.k dhft, fd ;w,l, vk/kfjr chek ,oa futh
LokLF; ns[kHkky ekWMy fdl izdkj Hkkjrh; LokLF; {ks=kd ds lao/Zu gsrq ,d mik; gSA
Hkwfedk & PM-JAY ;kstuk ds mn~ns'; crkb,A
eq[; Hkkx
• PM-JAY ;kstuk fdl izdkj Hkkjr esa LokLF; {ks=kd dk lao/Zu dj ldrh gSA
• PM-JAY dh lhek,¡
• Hkkjr ds fy, USA vk/kfjr chek ,oa futh LokLF; ns[kHkky ekWMy dh laxrrk ds lanHkZ esa vius fopkj nhft,A
Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
fu"d"kZ% Hkkjr ds lanHkZ esa Hkfo"; gsrq lq>ko nhft,A
mÙkj%
PM-JAY dks vk;q"eku Hkkjr ds varxZr xjhc ,oa oafpr leqnk;ksa dh LokLF; rd igqap ,oa mu ij iM+us okys vkfFkZd ncko
dks de djus gsrq 'kq: fd;k x;k gSA Hkkjr esa vYiiks"k.k] dqiks"k.k lfgr fofHkUu izdkj dh LokLF; laca/h leL;k,¡ fo|eku
gSaA PM-JAY bu leL;kvksa ds lek/ku gsrq mBk, x, izeq[k dneksa esa ls ,d gSA
egRo
• ;g f}rh;d ,oa r`rh;d Lrjh; LokLF; ns[kHkky gsrq izfro"kZ] izfr ifjokj dks 5 yk[k :i, rd dh lgk;rk miyC/
djkrh gSA
• blds rgr izh rFkk iksLV gkfLiVy ykHk lfgr ifjogu HkÙkk Hkh iznku fd;k tk,xkA
• ykHkkFkhZ ns'k Hkj esa ljdkjh rFkk fpfUgr futh vLirkyksa ls dS'kys'k lgk;rk izkIr dj ldrs gSaA
pqukSfr;k¡
• Hkkjr esa 2008 ls 2015 ds chp jk"Vªh; vk; dk 1-3» lkoZtfud LokLF; lsokvksa ij [kpZ fd;k x;kA bl ;kstuk esa
ns'k dh yxHkx 44» tula[;k 'kkfey gks tkrh gS ftlds fy, cM+h ek=kk esa foÙk dh vko';drk gSA
• Hkkjr esa u dsoy LokLF; {ks=kd volajpuk ij vfrfjDr ncko gS cfYd vyx&vyx jkT;ksa dh lsokvksa dh xq.koÙkk
esa Hkh vUrj gSA WHO dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa izfr 10]000 yksxksa ij 8 MkWDVj miyC/ gSaA
• lkoZtfud rFkk futh vLirkyksa ds chp izfrLi/kZ gsrq leku IysViQkeZ dk vHkko gSA
chek ,oa futh LokLF; ns[kHkky ij vk/kfjr USA ekWMy dh Hkkjr ds laca/ esa oguh;rk
• PM-JAY ds varxZr yxHkx 500 fefy;u yksx 'kkfey gSaA blls izkIr MkVk u dsoy uhfr fuekZ.k cfYd uhfr;ksa ds
fØ;kUo;u esa Hkh lgk;d gks ldrk gSA
• blls LokLF; volajpuk& vLirky] Dyhfud vkfn dk fØ;kUo;u csgrj gksxkA
• blds rgr LokLF; lsokvksa dh xq.koÙkk ,oa igqap esa lrrrk Hkh lqfuf'pr dh tk,xhA
• izkFkfed LokLF; ns[kHkky dks vLirky dh ;kstuk ls tksM+uk ,oa bldk lqn`<+hdj.k djuk csgrj LokLF; lsokvksa dks
iznku djus esa lgk;d gSA
Hkfo"; dh jkg%
• PM-JAY ;kstuk dh liQyrk ds le{k u dsoy foÙkh; ,oa volajpukRed Lrj ij pqukSfr;k¡ fo|eku gS cfYd blesa
yksxksa dh Hkkxhnkjh Hkh ,d cM+k eqn~nk gSA
• bl lUnHkZ esa yksxksa dks LokLF; rFkk LokLF; lEcUèkh ;kstukvksa ds izfr tkx:d djus dh vko';drk gSA
• LFkkuh; Lrj ij csgrj LokLF; lsok,¡ lqfuf'pr dh tkuh pkfg,A
PM-JAY ds le{k fo|eku pqukSfr;k¡ bldh vliQyrk ugha gSa cfYd ;g lkoZHkkSfed LokLF; chek dh fn'kk esa mBk;k x;k
,d mfpr dne gSA Hkkjr bl lUnHkZ esa vU; ns'kksa vuqHkoksa ls lh[k ys ldrk gSA FkkbZ ekWMy ds vUrxZr mRÑ"V lkoZtfud
LokLF; chek iznku dh xbZ gSA
17. ^^dkS'ky Hkkjr vfHk;ku dh 'kq:vkr gksus ds pkj o"kZ i'pkr Hkh csjkstxkjh dh leL;k cuh gqbZ gSA** vkykspukRed
ewY;kadu dhft,A D;k vki lksprs gSa fd îzf'k{kqrk* dh izfØ;k dkS'ky Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds mís';ksa dh izkfIr esa
egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrh gS\
Hkwfedk& dkS'ky Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds y{;ksa dk mYys[k dhft,A

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
eq[; Hkkx& dkS'ky Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds vUrxZr mBk, x, izeq[k dne] blds izHkko rFkk bldh lhekvksa dks crkrs gq, blds
mís';ksa dh izkfIr esa izf'k{kqrk dh Hkwfedk crkb,A
fu"d"kZ%
Hkkjr esa csjkstxkjh ls fuiVus gsrq lq>ko nhft,A
mÙkj%
dkS'ky Hkkjr vfHk;ku dks 2015 esa 2022 rd 400 fefy;u yksxksa dks dkS'ky fodkl gsrq izf'k{k.k iznku djkus ds y{; ds
lkFk 'kq: fd;k x;k] ftlesa lHkh xkoksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;kA bldk eq[; mís'; Hkkjrh; ;qokvksa dks volj miyCèk djkuk
FkkA blds vUrxZr dkS'ky fodkl ds u, {ks=kksa dh igpku dh xbZA bu mís';ksa dh izkfIr gsrq igys ls gh vusd ;kstuk,¡ izLrkfor
gSa%&
• izèkkuea=kh dkS'ky fodkl ;kstuk (PMKVY)
• Mk;jsDVj tujy vkWiQ Vªsfuax&ekWM~;wyj bEiykW;esUV fLdy (DGT-MES)
• nhun;ky mikè;k; xzkeh.k dkS'kY; ;kstuk

• jk"Vªh; dkS'ky vgZrk dk;Z;kstuk (NSQF)
• jk"Vªh; dkS'ky fodkl dkWjiksjs'ku (NSDC)
• jk"Vªh; dkS'ky fodkl ,tsUlh

fiNys 4 o"kks± esa mi;qZDr ;kstukvksa dk izHkko
• NSQF ds ekè;e ls iwoZ f'k{kk ls lacafèkr 20 fefy;u Ldwy NksM+ pqds yksxksa dh igpku dh xbZ gS ftUgsa ,d vU;
volj iznku djus dh vko';drk gSA
• foÙkh; o"kZ 2017&18 esa n{k yksxksa dh la[;k esa egRoiw.kZ o`f¼ gqbZ gSA ;g foÙkh; o"kZ 2017 ds 3-5 yk[k dh rqyuk
esa c<+dj foÙkh; o"kZ 2018 esa yxHkx 16 yk[k igqap xbZA
• foÙkh; o"kZ (FY) 2018 esa bl vfHk;ku ds vUrxZr yxHkx 30» dq'ky Jfedksa dks jkstxkj feykA
• PM-KVY (2016&20) ds vUrxZr 13 yk[k yksxksa dks izf'k{k.k iznku fd;k x;kA blesa ls yxHkx 76» osru izkIr jkstxkj
rFkk 16» Lojkstxkj esa layXu gq,A
• igys ls gh dk;Zjr ;k Lojkstxkj yksxksa dks izek.k i=k iznku djus gsrq iwoZ vfèkxe dh igpku dks 'kq: fd;k x;kA orZeku
esa 4-5 yk[k ls Hkh vfèkd yksxksa dks PMKVY (2016&20) ds vUrxZr izek.ki=k iznku fd;k x;k gSA
dkS'ky Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds fØ;kUo;u ls lEcfUèkr eqn~ns&
• dkS'ky fodkl gsrq u dsoy volajpukRed lqfoèkkvksa dk vHkko gS cfYd cM+h la[;k esa ;qokvksa dks jkstxkj izkfIr Hkh
ugha gks ikrhA
• blds vUrxZr vkikrdkyhu izf'k{k.k (dkslZ) dk izkoèkku gS ftlls IyslesaV dh nj Hkh de jgrh gSA
• fu;a=kd ,oa egkys[kk ijh{kd }kjk jk"Vªh; dkS'ky fodkl ds vizHkkoh mi;ksx ij è;ku vkdf"kZr fd;k x;k gSA
• 'kkjnk izlkn desVh ds vuqlkj LVSaMMZ Vªsfuax vlslesUV ,.M fjokMZ (STAR) ds vizHkkoh fØ;kUo;u gsrq NSDC
ftEesnkj gS rFkk bl fjiksVZ esa jk"Vªh; dkS'ky fodkl fuxe dh dk;Z iz.kkyh esa fgrksa ds Vdjko dk mYys[k fd;k x;k
gSA
• izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe] vkS|ksfxd Økafr 4-0 ds ekun.Mksa ds vuq:i ugha gSA
Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
dkS'ky Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds mn~ns';ksa dh izkfIr esa izf'k{kqrk dh Hkwfedk
blds rgr f'k{kk ds lkFk&lkFk u dsoy vuqHko ,oa èku dh izkfIr gksrh gS cfYd blls lkekftd ,oa ckSf¼d iwath dk fodkl
gksus ls yksxksa dh mRikndrk esa Hkh o`f¼ gksrh gS ftlls daiuh esa ,d csgrj dk;Z laLÑfr dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA
• izf'k{kqrk dk;ZØe jkstxkj gsrq ,d NksVk xfy;kjk iznku djrk gS rFkk ;qokvksa esa lkekftd dq'kyrk ds lkFk&lkFk n{krk
esa Hkh o`f¼ gksrh gSA
c<+rs f'kf{kr dk;Zcy gsrq jkstxkj l`tu rFkk jkstxkj izkIr djus okyksa esa dkS'ky fodkl djuk nksgjh pqukSrh gS ftu ij izkFkfedrk
ls è;ku nsuk pkfg,A ljdkj dks lw{e] y?kq ,oa eè;e m|ksxksa esa jkstxkj l`tu ij cy nsuk pkfg,A blds lkFk gh f'k{kk ra=k
}kjk jkstxkj gsrq vko';d dkS'ky dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A futh {ks=kdksa dks dq'ky ,oa v¼Zdq'ky yksxksa ds {kerk
fodkl ij cy nsuk pkfg,A
18. ns'k ds lHkh Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa (SHGs) ds fMftVyhdj.k gsrq ukckMZ }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ bZ&'kfDr ifj;kstuk ds
izn'kZu dk vkykspukRed ewY;kadu dhft,A Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa ds izn'kZu esa lqèkkj gsrq lq>ko Hkh nhft,A
Hkwfedk% bZ&'kfDr ifj;kstuk ds ckjs esa crkb;sA
eq[; Hkkx% bl ifj;kstuk ds ykHk ,oa blds izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u esa fufgr pqukSfr;ksa ,oa buds lekèkku gsrq lq>ko nhft,A
fu"d"kZ% ljdkj dks SHG ds l'kfDrdj.k gsrq lgk;d dh Hkwfedk fuHkkuh pkfg,A
mÙkj%
bZ 'kfDr SHG ds fMftVyhdj.k gsrq ukckMZ }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ ,d ik;ysV ifj;kstuk gS ftlds rgr p;fur ftyksa ds SHG
ds foÙkh; rFkk lkekftd MsVk dk fMftVyhdj.k fd;k tk;sxk ftlls buds foÙkh; lekos'ku dks c<+kok feysxkA
bl ifj;kstuk ds ykHk&
• blls izkIr MsVk }kjk lkekftd ,oa foÙkh; l'kfDrdj.k dks c<+kok nsus esa lgk;rk feysxh lkFk gh SHG ds lqn`<+hdj.k
gsrq mBk;s tkus okys vko';d dneksa dh Hkh igpku gksxhA
• fMftVyhdj.k ls izR;{k ykHk gLrkarj.k rFkk vU; ljdkjh ykHkksa dh izkfIr esa Hkh n{krk vk;sxhA
ldkjkRed izHkko&
• 15 twu] 2018 rd bl ifj;kstuk }kjk 3-89 yk[k SHG dk liQyrkiwoZd fMftVyhdj.k fd;k x;k lkFk gh ns'k ds
22 jkT;ksa ,oa ,d la?k 'kfklr {ks=k ds 100 ftyksa ds 44 yk[k lnL;ksa dh ØsfMV fgLVªh ds vkadM+s Hkh tqVk;s x;s rFkk
blls SHG dh dk;Z iz.kkyh ds izfr cSadksa ds tkx:drk Lrj esa lqèkkj gqvkA
• fMftVyhdj.k }kjk cSadksa ds ekè;e ls foÙk gLrkarj.k esa lgtrk c<+h ftlls lsfoax&ØsfMV fydst vUrjky esa deh
vkbZA
• SHG dh ikjnf'kZrk esa o`f¼ gksus ds lkFk&lkFk bldk vU; ljdkjh dk;ZØeksa ls csgrj tqM+ko LFkkfir gqvkA
pqukSfr;ka&
• fjdkWMZ ,oa MsVk ra=k dk vfodflr gksukA
• SHG ds lnL;ksa gsrq izf'k{k.k ra=k dk vHkkoA
• GPRS dusfDVfoVh rFkk cSadksa ds lkFk csgrj tqM+ko dk vHkkoA
• ns'k ds 86 yk[k SHG dks blesa 'kkfey djus gsrq cM+h ek=kk esa foÙk dh vko';drk gksxhA

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• ns'kHkj esa SHG dk vleku forj.kA
• dqN {ks=kksa esa SHG dh vko';drk dks le>us esa cSadksa dh fuf"Ø;rkA
SHG ds izn'kZu esa lqèkkj gsrq lq>ko&
• buds fodsUnzhdj.k] {kerk fuekZ.k bR;kfn ij cy nsuk pkfg, rFkk lnL;ksa dks fu;fer izf'k{k.k iznku djuk pkfg,A
• buds lqn`<+hdj.k gsrq volajpukRed ,oa foÙkh; Lrj ij bUgsa l'kDr cukus ij cy fn;k tkuk pkfg,A
• xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa izf'k{k.k gsrq vfHk;ku pykus ds lkFk&lkFk efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dks Hkh lqfuf'pr fd;k tkuk pkfg,
rFkk lnL;ksa ds chp tkfr] èkeZ ,oa fyax ds vkèkkj ij HksnHkko ugha djuk pkfg,A
ljdkj dks SHG dh lao`f¼ ,oa fodkl esa lgk;d dh Hkwfedk fuHkkuh pkfg,A okf.kfT;d cSadksa ,oa ukckMZ dks jkT; ljdkjksa
ds lkFk feydj bu lewgksa ds fy, uokpkjh foÙkh; lsok,a iznku djus ij cy nsuk pkfg,A
19. ¶vk;q esa o`f¼ gksuk izÑfr dk fu;e gS] Hkkjr dk ;qok ykHkka'k ,d fnu o`¼koLFkk dh vksj vxzlj gksxkA¸ bl
lanHkZ esa D;k vki lksprs gSa fd Hkkjr dk lkekftd lqj{kk ra=k buls mRiUu pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus gsrq rS;kj gS\
Hkwfedk% Hkkjr esa o`¼ tula[;k ds vkadM+s nhft,A
eq[; Hkkx% o`¼ tula[;k ds le{k pqukSfr;ka ,oa muls lEcfUèkr lkekftd lqj{kk ra=k dks crkrs gq, Hkfo"; gsrq lq>ko nhft,A
fu"d"kZ% o`¼ yksxksa ds le{k fo|eku pqukSfr;ksa ds lekèkku gsrq Bksl dne mBk;s tkus dh vko';drk gSA
mÙkj%
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa yxHkx 104 fefy;u o`¼ tula[;k (60 o"kZ ;k mlls vfèkd) gSA buesa ls 53 fefy;u
efgyk,a rFkk 51 fefy;u iq#"k gSaA la;qDr jk"Vª tula[;k iQaM rFkk gsYi ,t bafM;k }kjk tkjh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj 2026 rd
Hkkjr essa o`¼ yksxksa dh la[;k 173 fefy;u rd gksus dk vuqeku gSA
o`¼ tula[;k ds le{k fo|eku pqukSfr;ka&
• vfèkdka'kr% ;s viuh vkthfodk gsrq vius cPpksa ij fuHkZj jgrs gSa ftlls dbZ ckj buds xfjekiw.kZ thou ij iz'ufpÉ
yxrk gSA
• LokLF; lsokvksa esa c<+rs [kpZ rFkk lkekftd lqj{kk ds vHkko ds dkj.k ;s vius lEcfUèk;ksa ls èku ysus gsrq etcwj gksrs
gSAa
Hkkjr dk lkekftd lqj{kk ra=k&
Hkkjr dh lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstukvksa esa fuEufyf[kr izdkj dh lkekftd chek dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS&
• is'a ku
• LokLF; chek ,oa fpfdRlk ykHk
• fnO;kaxrk ykHk
• ekr`Ro ykHk
• xzPs ;qVh (Gratuity)
vUrjkZ"Vªh; Je laxBu dh fo'o lkekftd lqj{kk fjiksVZ 2014&15 ds vuqlkj Hkkjr dh dqy isa'ku ;ksX; tula[;k dk ek=k
1@4 Hkkx gh fdlh u fdlh izdkj dk isa'ku ykHk izkIr dj jgk gSA

Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
jk"Vªh; o`¼koLFkk uhfr] 2011 ds vuqlkj 51 fefy;u o`¼ yksx xjhch js[kk ls uhps thou ;kiu djrs gSaA bl uhfr esa o`¼
yksxksa dk lekt esa fofHkUu leqnk;ksa ,oa ;qokvksa ls tqM+ko ij cy fn;k x;k gSA
izèkkuea=kh lqj{kk chek ;kstuk] izèkkuea=kh thou T;ksfr chek ;kstuk ,oa vVy isa'ku ;kstuk ds rgr nq?kZVuk }kjk e`R;q tksf[ke
doj] isa'ku ,oa izkÑfrd e`R;q doj iznku fd;k x;k gSA
Hkkjr esa lkekftd lqj{kk ra=k ds le{k pqukSfr;ka&
• 50» ls Hkh vfèkd dk;Zcy Ñf"k {ks=k esa layXu gS ftlds ikl csgrj lkekftd lqj{kk dk vHkko gSA
• 'kgjh rFkk v¼Z'kgjh {ks=kdksa ds vfèkdka'k yksx vlaxfBr dk;ks± esa layXu gS ftUgsa fdlh Hkh izdkj dh lkekftd lqj{kk
iznku ugha gksrh lkFk gh Hkkjr dbZ xjhc vizQhdh ns'kksa dh rqyuk esa lkekftd lqj{kk ij de [kpZ djrk gSA
• Hkkjr esa chek lqj{kk dh fLFkfr Hkh csgrj ugha gSA chek fu;ked ,oa fodkl izkfèkdj.k ls izkIr MsVk ds vuqlkj Hkkjr
esa chek ?kuRo 2001 ds 9-1 ls c<+dj 2010 esa 55-7 gks x;k tks iqu% 2013 esa ?kVdj 41 jg x;kA
• lkoZtfud LokLF; lqfoèkkvksa dk vHkkoA
ofj"B ukxfjdksa ds fy, lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd {ks=kd rd igqap dk vHkko gSA ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dk okLrfod ykHkkfFkZ;ksa rd
izHkkoh ykHk dh izkfIr dk vHkko gSA vr% o`¼ tula[;k ds l'kfDrdj.k gsrq uokpkjh n`f"Vdks.k ds lkFk izHkkoh iz;kl djus
dh Hkh vko';drk gSA bl fn'kk esa ukxfjd lewg rFkk NGO egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrs gSaA vr% o`¼ tula[;k ds
l'kfDrdj.k ls lacafèkr lHkh fgrèkkjdksa ds volajpukRed fodkl ij cy nsuk pkfg, ftlls lafoèkku dh ewy Hkkouk U;k;]
Lora=krk ,oa xfjekiw.kZ thou dks ;FkkFkZ Lo:i iznku fd;k tk ldsA
20. ¶Hkkjr ds tax yxs LVhy ds <kaps¸ dh n{krk vkSj izn'kZu esa lqèkkj gsrq ik'oZ izos'k le; dh vko';drk gSA¸
vkykspukRed fo'ys"k.k dhft,A
Hkwfedk% Hkkjrh; flfoy lsok ds fuekZ.k ds lanHkZ esa ik'oZ izos'k dh vko';drkA
eq[; Hkkx% ik'oZ izos'k ds foi{k esa rdZ nhft,A
fu"d"kZ% vU; fodYiksa ds lkFk fu"d"kZ nsaA
mÙkj%
Hkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok dks Hkkjr ds yksgs (LVhy) ds <kaps ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA Hkkjr dh fodkl ;k=kk esa flfoy
lsok dh fo'ks"krkvksa tSls& mPp Lrjh; n{krk] ;ksX;rk mUeq[kh pfj=k] ewY; rVLFkrk vkfn dk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku gSA gkykafd gky
gh esa blesa] ykyiQhrk'kkgh] vn{krk] Hkz"Vkpkj] iz'kklfud tM+rk tSls y{k.kksa dks Hkh ns[kk x;kA bl vkèkkj ij dsUnz ljdkj
us gky gh esa vH;fFkZ;ksa dks mPp Lrj ij ik'oZ izo's k gsrq vkeaf=kr fd;k ftldh vuq'kalk ckloku lfefr vkSj f}rh; iz'kklfud
lqèkkj vk;ksx }kjk dh xbZ FkhA
ik'oZ izos'k ds i{k esa rdZ&
• uhfr fuekZ.k Lrj ij dkS'ky fo'ks"kKrk vkSj fof'k"V {ks=k esa fo'ks"kKrk izkIr yksxksa dh mifLFkfr ls uhfr fuekZ.k esa lgk;rk
feysxhA orZeku esa uhfr;ksa dh izÑfr tfVy gSA
• 'kklu vkSj n{krk esa o`f¼& jktuhfrd vkSj vkfFkZd tksf[ke ijke'kZ fyfeVsM 2012 dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj Hkz"Vkpkj
vkSj vn{krk ds dkj.k Hkkjr dh iz'kklfud lsok ,f'k;k dh lcls [kjkc iz'kklfud lsok gSA
• izfrLièkkZ esa o`f¼& IAS vfèkdkfj;ksa dh inksUufr lkekU;r% Lopkfyr rjhds ls gksrh gS] blfy;s os vius lqfoèkk {ks=k
esa jgdj gh dk;Z djrs gSaA ik'oZ izos'k ds ekè;e ls iz'kklfud ra=k esa izfrLièkkZRed o`f¼ gks ldrh gSA uhfr vk;ksx
dh rhu o"khZ; dk;Z;kstuk 2017&2020 esa LFkkfir ukSdj'kkgh esa dSfj;j ls lEcfUèkr izfrLièkkZ ykus dh ckr dgh xbZ
gSA
• ljdkj esa izos'k vkSj izfrHkkvksa dks èkkj.k djuk& tfLVl ch-,u- JhÑ".kk& NBh dsUnzh; osru vk;ksx dh fjiksVZ
(2006) esa dgk x;k fd ¶ljdkj esa ik'oZ izos'k vkSj izfØ;k dks èkkj.k djuk pkfg,¸A
Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44
• dk;kZy;ksa dk vHkko& dkfeZd] tu f'kdk;r vkSj isa'ku ea=kky; dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj ns'k esa yxHkx 1500 IAS inkas
dh deh gSA ckloku lfefr us inksa dh deh gsrq ik'oZ izos'k dk leFkZu fd;k gSA
• ik'oZ izos'k dksbZ ubZ ?kVuk ugha gS& ik'oZ izos'k dh ladYiuk dks RBI, ;kstuk vk;ksx vkSj uhfr vk;ksx esa
liQyrkiwoZd ykxw fd;k x;kA ;g ladYiuk UK, USA vkfn ns'kksa esa igys ls gh izpfyr gSA
• fdlh {ks=k fo'ks"k esa fo'ks"krk izkIr yksx uhfr fuekZ.k (eq[;r% 1991 ds LPG lqèkkjksa ds ckn) esa lgk;d gksaxs tSls &
fu%'kL=khdj.kA
• ;g ukSdj'kkgh esa izfrLièkkZ ds lkFk&lkFk vkthou 'kkyhurk dks c<+kok nsxk& (ICS vfèkdkfj;ksa dh lEiw.kZ lqj{kk dks
pqukSrh nsdj)A
• blls vU; vf[ky Hkkjrh; lsokvksa tSls& IPS esa x`g lfpo] IRS esa jktLo lfpo] IFOS esa i;kZoj.k vkSj ouksa ds in
gsrq izfrLièkkZ c<+sxhA
• Hkkjr esa ik'oZ izos'k ds mnkgj.k& MkWDVj eueksgu flag] eksUVsd flag vgywokfy;k] vjfoUn lqcze.;eA
ik'oZ izos'k ds foi{k esa rdZ&
• tokcnsfgrk vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro dk vHkko& futh {ks=kd ds fo'ks"kKksa dh lsokvksa dk dk;Zdky 3 ls 5 o"kZ dk gksus ds
dkj.kA
• nh?kkZofèk fgrèkkjd ugha& orZeku flfoy lsodksa ds ljdkj esa nh?kZofèkd fgr fo|eku gksrs gSaA
• laoSèkkfud ra=k dh vuns[kh& orZeku esa dSfcusV lfpo ds in }kjk ljdkj funsZf'kr gksrh gS tks la?k yksd lsok lfefr
dk eqf[k;k gksrk gSA ;g laLFkk vfèkdkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr gsrq p;u djrh gS tks fd Lo;a esa ,d Lora=k laxBu gSA
• p;u esa ikjnf'kZrk dk vHkko& jktuhfrd gLr{ksi ds dkj.kA
• tehuh Lrj ij {ks=k fo'ks"k ds vuqHko dk vHkkoA
• ik'oZ izos'k iznf'kZr djrk gS fd flfoy lsodksa esa n{krk dk vHkko gS ftlls ekStwnk izfrHkk,a grksRlkfgr gksrh gSaA
• vuqHko n'kkZrs gSa fd ;g vko';d ugha gS fd lkoZtfud miØe dks futh izcaèku }kjk gh vfèkd mRiknd cuk;k tk
ldrk gS tSls& ,;j bafM;k] bf.M;u ,;jykbUl bR;kfnA
• ;g Li"V ugha gS fd ik'oZ izos'k ds vUrxZr vkj{k.k dk izkoèkku fd;k tk;sxk ;k ughaA
bl lanHkZ esa lqèkkj gsrq vko';d lq>ko&
• ,l- vkj- nkl fjiksVZ esa lq>k;k x;k gS fd fMIVh dysDVj dk fdlh LFkku ij de ls de lkr eghus dk dk;Zdky
gksuk pkfg,A lkFk gh 2nd ARC ,oa 2013 esa lqizhe dksVZ us vius ,d fu.kZ; esa fu;r dk;Zdky dh ckr dghA
• ik'oZ izos'k esa fofu;eu gsrq fofu;ked ra=k dh O;;oLFkk ds lkFk&lkFk fo'ks"kKksa dh lykg gsrq lfefr;ksa dh lgk;rk
yh tk ldrh gSA
• flfoy lsok esa lqèkkj ds lkFk Hkkjr esa fuokZpu ,oa jktuhfrd lqèkkjksa dh vfr vko';drk gSA
vkxs dk jkLrk&
ik'oZ izo's k ,d ldkjkRed iz;kl gS tks flfoy lsok esa lqèkkj gsrq jktuhfrd bPNk'kfDr dks n'kkZrk gSA ijUrq dqN vU; vko';d
dne Hkh mBk;s tkus pkfg,&
(i) futh {ks=kd esa IAS ,oa IPS vfèkdkfj;ksa dh rSukrh dj bUgsa izfrLièkhZ okrkoj.k ds lkFk vuqHko Hkh izkIr gksxkA
(ii) dsUnzh; flfoy lsod izkfèkdj.k }kjk ik'oZ izos'k ls lacafèkr foKkiu gsrq ijke'kZ fd;k tk ldrk gSA (f}rh; iz'kklfud
lqèkkj vk;ksx (2nd ARC) ds vuqlkj)A
(iii) ljdkj ds 360 fMxzh tSls izn'kZu ewY;kadu ra=k dk csgrj fØ;kUo;uA
(iv) lfpoksa ds fy, dk;Zdky dh vofèk esa o`f¼ djukA
vr% Hkkjr ds ^^tax yxs LVhy <kaps** dks u;s fopkjksa ds lkFk îkWfy'k* djuk pkfg, ftlesa jktuhfrd bPNk'kfDr egRoiw.kZ
Hkwfedk fuHkk;sxhA
Tel. : 9205274741/ 42/ 43/ 44

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Model Answer Booklet

ENGLISH MEDIUM (2019)

A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 1

A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 2

• Implementation of PESA : Development of tribals via local self government alongside

3. "Information Technology is considered an equalizing force but Digital India is witnessing a

• Introduction: Briefly explain digital gender gap.

• Explain how Information technology acts as an equalizing force.

• Elucidate how digital technologies are witnessing the gender gap.

• Give reasons for gender digital gap in India.

• Write Suggestions for bridging the digital gender gap.

A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 3

A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 4

A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 5

A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 6

A-12/13 Ansal Building, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi - 110009, 7

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• Deputation to Private Sector- A Parliamentary panel has recommended deputation of

• Appraisal mechanisms: Such as government's new "360 degree" performance appraisal

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Model Answer Booklet

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