Experiment No.

2
Circular Waveguide Design Using cst Microwave Studio Suite

1.Introduction
A waveguide is a hollow metal tube (rectangular or circular in cross section) that
transmits electromagnetic energy from one place to another. A waveguide with a
circular cross-section is called as Circular Waveguide. It supports both transverse
electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. TE11 is the dominant mode in
a circular waveguide i.e., a signal in this mode propagates with the minimum
degradation. 

The circular waveguide is easier to manufacture than rectangular waveguides and

is relatively easy to install. It is usually used to connect a horn antenna with a
reflector in tracking radars and for long-distance waveguide transmission above 10
GHz.

Figure 1: Circular Waveguide.

The cut-off frequency of a circular waveguide is

inversely proportional to its radius and can be calculated by the
formula below.
 TE x '11 x '11 c
f =
c 11 = For TE and TM modes
2 π r √ μo ε o 2 π r

:Where
f TE
c : cut-off frequency in GHz.
11

x '11 : constant value (1.8412).

c: speed of light (3 ×108 m/s ¿.

r: internal radius for the circular waveguide(m).
2.Theoretical Calculation:
Design an air-filled circular waveguide yielding a cut-off frequency of 17.58 GHz
for the TE11 mode (dominant mode). Verify the results by CST Microwave Studio.
Solution:

x '11 x '11 c 1.8412× 3× 108

r= = = =5 mm
2 π f TE 2 π f TE 9
c √ μo ε o
11 11c 2 π ×17.58 ×10

2. Simulation of Circular Waveguide in cst: