APUSH Period 5 Multiple Choice Test

The questions below are based on the 1856 Sumner-Brooks political cartoon below.

1. The sentiments such as those depicted in the cartoon above most directly contributed to which of the following?
a. Breakdown in trust between sectional leaders
b. The willingness of abolitionists to use violence to achieve their goals
c. Repeated attempts at political compromise
d. The secession of Southern states

2. The cartoon above is best understood in the context of the

a. North’s increasing reliance on a free-labor manufacturing economy.
b. variety of proposals leaders made that ultimately failed to reduce sectional conflict.
c. willingness of abolitionists to use violence to achieve their goals.
d. weakening of loyalties to the two major parties.

Use the excerpt below to answer the questions that follow.

“The question is simply this: can a negro whose ancestors were imported into this country and sold as slaves become a
member of the political community formed and brought into existence by the Constitution of the United States, and as
such become entitled to all the rights, and privileges, and immunities, guaranteed by that instrument to the citizen, one
of which rights is the privilege of suing in a court of the United States in the cases specified in the Constitution? In the
opinion of the court, the legislation and histories of the times, and the language used in the Declaration of
Independence, show that neither the class of persons who had been imported as slaves nor their descendants, whether
they had become free or not, were then acknowledged as a part of the people, nor intended to be included in the
general words used in that memorable instrument.”
3. The above opinion is a response to which Supreme Court case?
a. Plessy v. Ferguson
b. Amistad
c. Marbury v. Madison
d. Dred Scott v. Sanford

4. Based on the above excerpt, what can be concluded about the political status of individuals not considered free
persons?
a. Citizenship can be gained over time.
b. Their rights depend on location within the United States.
c. These individuals have some rights.
d. These individuals are considered property.
5. What was Taney's justification for excluding rights of citizenship to a particular group?
a. This particular group was not taken into consideration when important documents were drafted.
b. They were not born in America.
c. They did not fight for independence.
d. They refused to obey the laws and court decisions of the United States.

Use the excerpt below to answer the questions that follow.

6. A social group that would be sympathetic to the message advanced by this handbill is
a. southern landowners
b. advocates of free labor
c. nativists
d. suffragettes

7. The subject of this handbill contributed to the emergence of which political party?
a. Democratic
b. Whig
c. Republican
d. Liberty

8. The document was most likely a reaction to which of the following events?
a. Inclusion of the Fugitive Slave Act as part of the Compromise of 1850
b. Backlash from antislavery reformers after the Kansas-Nebraska Act
c. Rise of the Republican Party
d. Outrage expressed by Democrats over the Dred Scott decision
 9. What was the long term impact of the agitation encouraged by this poster?
a. Secession of South Carolina and subsequent southern states
b. Congressional approval of California statehood
c. The emergence of the Know Nothing Party
d. Intensified southern opposition to the expansion of slavery

The questions below are based on the following passage.

“We assert that fourteen of the states have deliberately refused for years past to fulfill their constitutional obligations,
and we refer to their own statutes for proof.…Those states have assumed the right of deciding upon the propriety of our
domestic institutions; and have denied the rights of property…recognized by the Constitution…they have permitted the
open establishment among them of societies, whose avowed object is to…eloign [take away] the property of citizens of
other States.…A sectional party has found within…the Executive Department, the means of subverting the Constitution
itself.…On the 4th of March next this party will take possession of the Government.…The guarantees of the Constitution
will then no longer exist; the equal rights of the States will be lost. The Slaveholding States will no longer have the power
of self-government, or self-protection, and the Federal Government will have become their enemy.”

South Carolina’s Declaration of the Causes of Secession, December 24, 1860

10. The ideas expressed in the passage above most clearly show the influence of which of the following?
a. The principles of federalism and separation of powers
b. The use of states’ rights for the defense of slavery
c. Resistance to initiatives for democracy and inclusion
d. Public debates about how to set national goals and priorities

11. The sentiments expressed in the excerpt above were most directly a result of which the following?
a. The end of the second party system
b. The election of Lincoln in 1860
c. The secession of the Southern states from the Union
d. The highly visible campaign of abolitionists against slavery

The questions below refer to the following quotation.

“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and
dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether
that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.…It is for us, the living…to be dedicated here
to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here
dedicated to the great task remaining before us…that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and
that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

President Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, July 1863

12. The passage above best serves as evidence of which of the following?
a. Union victory in the Civil War
b. The mobilization of the Union economy and society to wage the war
c. Unresolved questions about the power of the federal government and citizenship rights
d. The changing purpose of the Civil War

13. Which of the following actions of the Lincoln administration best exemplified the belief expressed in the quotation
above?
a. The altering of the power relationships between states and the federal government
b. The waging of war even while facing considerable home front opposition
c. The decision to issue the Emancipation Proclamation
d. Their efforts to prevent the Confederacy from gaining diplomatic support from European
powers
 14. The trend of westward expansion up to 1877 resulted most from which of the following factors?
a. Border disputes with Russia
b. Increases in immigration to the U.S.
c. Land purchased from other countries
d. The U.S victory in the Mexican-American War

15. The Kansas-Nebraska Act essentially overturned which previous idea?

a. States would enter the union in pairs-one free and one slave
b. States above the 36th Parallel would enter the Union as free states
c. Popular Sovereignty
d. Slavery would be allowed in all new territories

16. The debate regarding the expansion of slavery into newly acquired territories led to:
a. Increasing political and economic tensions between sections of the United States
b. Anti-immigrant sentiment and increased nativism
c. A weakening of the U.S. on the world stage
d. A surge in the suffrage movement

Use the excerpt below to answer the questions that follow.

“The Fourteenth Amendment had far-reaching consequences. Section 1 has become the most important provision in the
Constitution for defining and enforcing civil rights. It vastly expanded federal powers to prevent state violations of civil
rights.”

Murrin, Johnson, McPherson, Gerstle, Rosenberg and Rosenberg,

Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People, 2009
17. Which of the following was a long term result of the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment?
a. Great increase of civil rights and liberties for American minorities.
b. Halted American expansionism efforts.
c. Increased immigration into America from European nations.
d. Guaranteed the success of Reconstruction in the South.
18. What limited the effectiveness of the Fourteenth Amendment in providing equal protection and citizenship
rights?
a. The ineffectiveness of the Lincoln Administration.
b. The lack of minority interest for the amendment.
c. Objection from the women’s right movement.
d. Local political tactics and Supreme Court decisions.

19. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Reconstruction Amendments drew great criticism from the women’s right
movement because they
a. denied voting rights to new immigrants.
b. granted civil and voting rights to freedmen but denied those rights to all women.
c. did not grant civil and voting rights to all African Americans.
d. ended slavery in America.

Use the political cartoon below to answer the question that follows.

20. The cartoon above is intended to express

a. a critique of Reconstruction
b. opposition to women’s rights
c. support for strong government
d. opposition to the draft
The questions below refer to the following 1874 political cartoon by Thomas Nast.

21. The controversy highlighted in the cartoon above was most directly a result of
a. Radical Republicans’ efforts to establish a base for their party in the South.
b. temporary rearrangements in the relationships between black and white people in
the South.
c. unresolved questions about the power of the federal government.
d. determined Southern resistance to Northern efforts to change its culture.

22. Which of the following groups was most likely the intended audience of the cartoon above?
a. The Confederate leadership
b. Moderate Republicans
c. Former slaves
d. The Supreme Court

23. What actions by southern states led to the condition represented in this cartoon?
a. Jim Crow laws that allowed local governments to control activity
b. Nullification of federal laws granting civil rights
c. Restrictive voting laws for former slaves
d. Emergence of the share-cropping system

24. What acts by Congress were intended to prevent this social and political order?
a. Establishment of the Freedmen’s Bureau
b. Constitutional amendments granting civil rights and suffrage rights to former slaves
c. Free land for homesteaders
d. Banking laws that established a standard currency

Use the excerpt below to answer the questions that follow.

“To everyone applying to rent land upon shares, the following conditions must be read, and agreed to. To every 30 and
35 acres, I agree to furnish the team, plow, and farming implements, except cotton planters, and I do not agree to
furnish a cart to every cropper. The croppers are to have half of the cotton, corn, and fodder if the following conditions
are complied with, but-if not-they are to have only two-fifths (2/5). All must work under my direction.  No cropper is to
work off the plantation when there is any work to be done on the land he has rented, or when his work is needed by me
or other croppers.”

Sharecropping Contract, Grimes Family Papers (#3357), 1882

25. The above contract most clearly reflects how
a. the Southern labor system was disrupted when slavery ended
b. political chaos resulted from rights denied to former Confederate soldiers
c. there was an increasing drive to unionize Southern farm workers in the years after 1865
d. the Southern infrastructure was destroyed in the Civil War

26. Many who opposed sharecropping, as well as proponents of the New South, wanted the South
a. to return to slavery
b. to accept the fact that agriculture would dominate the Southern economy
c. to begin to industrialize
d. to be patterned after labor arrangements on the mining frontier

27. Which of the following would have most strongly supported the labor arrangement in the excerpt?
a. Freedmen
b. Trade unionists
c. Government agencies
d. Former plantation owners

28. Which of the following was an effect of the agrarian economy of the South after the Civil War?
a. Unionization proceeded at a rapid rate in the South
b. The South was the most prosperous region of the nation
c. Native Americans lost their lands
d. Immigrants tended to settle in the Northeast

Use this 1865 cartoon by Thomas Nast to answer the questions that follow.

29. Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the perspective of the cartoon?
a. Southern politicians
b. Radical Republicans
c. Northern opponents of the war
d. Veterans of the Confederate Army

30. The sentiments expressed in the cartoon above most directly contributed to which of the following?
a. The passage of the 14th and 15th Amendments
b. The movement of African Americans away from the farms where many had been held as slaves
c. The prevalence of the sharecropping system
 d. The passage of segregation laws in Southern states

31. The controversy highlighted in the cartoon above most directly led to the
a. issuance of court rulings such as Plessy v. Ferguson sanctioning racial segregation
b. industrialization of some segments of the Southern economy
c. emergence of more vigorous Southern resistance to African American rights
d. development of African American efforts to support vocational education

Use the excerpt below to answer the questions that follow.

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on
account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Section1, 15th Amendment
32. Ratified in 1870, the 15th Amendment guaranteed African American males the right to vote.  What
obstructions were implemented to make it difficult?
a. Polling taxes
b. Land ownership
c. Valid birth certificate
d. Religious affiliation

33. The ratification of the 15th Amendment furthered alienated which group?
a. Women
b. European Immigrants
c. Abolitionists
d. Populists

Use the political cartoon below to answer the questions that following.

34. One direct result of the conflict depicted in the cartoon was
a. the forced removal of carpetbaggers from the South
b. the impeachment of President Johnson
c. that Southern Democrats gained control of the U.S. Senate
d. the building of the transcontinental railroad

35. The document is most clearly an example of which of the following developments of the Reconstruction Era?
a. The continued political conflict over the status of Southern blacks
b. The election of African Americans to U.S. Congress
c. The rise of the Ku Klux Klan
d. The growth of corporations and industrialism in the North