GENDER

AND
DEVELOPMENT
 What is Gender?
 Refer to the socially
constructed roles,
behavior, activities, and
attributes that a given
society consider
appropriate for Men and
Women.
Gender shapes the
lives of all people
in all societies. It
influence all
aspect of our
lives.
 What is
Development?
Refer to qualitative
changes. The changes
are brought about with
an increase in function
maturity.
THEORIES OF
GENDER
DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
 Social Learning Theory
proposes that children
learn gender roles because
they are rewarded for
appropriate behavior and
punished for inappropriate
gender role behaviors.
 COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT THEORY
Cognitive Development
Theory
Argued that children
learn about gender the
same way that they
acquire other cognitive
concept.
 Thistheory focuses
upon the children's
understanding refer
to the way he/she
perceives and
tackles a
phenomenon.
GENDER SCHEMA
THEORY
 Schema helps a
child to develop
gender identity and
formulate an
appropriate gender
role.
 This theory Just
says that we
observe the world
and develop
schemas of how
boys and girls act.
 Don't we all look like
this in our Juicy jeans?
Gender Stereotyping
is defined as the
beliefs humans hold
about the
characteristics
with Males and
Females.
 GENDER STEREOTYPE
FEMALE MALE
Dependent Independent

Submissive Dominant

Easily hurt Not easily hurt

emotionally emotionally
Talkative Not at all
talkative
Cries a lot Rarely Cries
 Gender Stereotyping is
harmful when it limits
women’s and men’s
capacity to develop
their personal abilities,
pursue their
professional careers
 Gender Equality is
about men and women
being valued to the
same extent and
sharing equally and
fully in the process
of development.
 Gender Equality
Gives women and men
the same entitlement
to all aspects of
human development,
including economic,
social, cultural, civil
and political rights.
 the same level of
respect, the same
opportunities to make
choices, and the same
level of power to
shape the outcomes
of these choices.
 The objective of gender
equality is for people to
acquire, if they so
choose, equal treatment
throughout a society, not
just in politics, the
workplace, or any other
policy-designated sphere.
In other words, promoting gender
equality and the empowerment of
women is an affective strategy to
ensure that the other Millennium
Development Goals are achieved.
 Gender Inequality
is the unequal
treatment or
perceptions of
individuals based on
Their gender.
It arises from
differences in
socially
constructed
gender roles.
 Four Themes Characterize
Feminist Theorizing of
Gender Inequality

 Men & Women are

situated in society
unequally.
 Organization of Society
 No significant pattern of
natural variation
distinguishes the sexes.

 All in equality theories

assume fairly easily &
naturally to more
egalitarian social
structures.
SOME EXAMPLE
OF GENDER
INEQUALITY
 FREEDOM OF MARRIAGE.

 DISCRIMINATION DIVORSE
RIGHT.

 CITIZENSHIP

 VIOLENCE

 ACCESS TO EDUCATION
Gender refers to
the different ways
men and women
play in society,
and to the relative
power they wield.
 Power is a basic
fabric of society and
is possessed in
varying degrees by
social actors in
diverse social
categories.
By virtue of the male’s
greater ascribed status in
society, men have more
legitimate Power (based
on rank or position) than
do women.
 Gender
and
Education
MIND THE GAP- ADULT
GENDER & EDUCATION YEARS
In Bangladesh, 52% of women and
61% of men can read and write.
 GROUP 4

Aguhob, Argie
Banta-ao, Sharon
Celiz, Princess Joy
Daguit, Angelie
Plaza, Myla
Rubin, Melody
Vallar, Rosel