Knowledge Station 2020/2021

Gergs Ayyad 01553058768

Chapter 3
The Environment and Culture of Organizations
The Organization’s Environment:
External Environment :
A) General environment: everything outside an organization’s boundaries.
1) The Economic Dimension: health of economic system in which organization operates.
2) The Technological Dimension: methods available for converting resources into products.
3) The Sociocultural Dimension: customs, values,& demographic characteristics of society.
4) The Political-Legal Dimension: the government regulation of business.
5) The International Dimension: organization is affected by business in other countries.

B) Task environment: specific groups and organizations that affect the firm.
1) Competitors: an organization that competes with other organizations for resources.
2) Customers: Pays money to acquire an organization's products.
3) Suppliers: an organization that provide resources for other organizations.
4) Strategic Partner: working together with more other organizations in a joint venture.
5) Regulator: a unit that has a potential to control and legislates.
6) Interest Group: A group organized by its members to attempt to influence business.

Internal Environment: Conditions and forces present and at work within an organization.
1) Owner: Whoever can claim property rights to an organization.
2) Board of Directors: are governing body elected by a corporation's stakeholders.
3) Employees. 4) physical work environment.

How Environments Affect Organizations?

1) Change and complexity: Environmental change occurs in two ways:
Degree to which change in environment is occurring.
Degree of homogeneity or complexity of the environment.
Uncertainty: A driving force that influences organizational decisions.
2) Competitive Forces: Porter’s Five Competitive Forces:
A) Threat of new entrants into the market: ease with which competitors can enter market.
B) Competitive rivalry among present competitors: Competition between firms in industry.
C) Threat of substitute products: Extent to which alternative products/services may
replace the need for existing products/services.
D) Power of buyers: Extent to which buyers influence market rivals.
E) Power of suppliers: Extent to which suppliers influence market rivals.
3) Environmental Turbulence: Unexpected changes in the environment of an organization.

How Organizations Adapt toTheir Environments:

1) Information Management in Organizations: Environmental scanning–Information systems.
2) Strategic Response: Maintain, altering the current strategy, or adopting a new strategy.
3) Mergers, Acquisitions, Alliances: Firms combine – purchase- or form new venture.
4) Organizational Design and Flexibility: Adapting by building flexibility.
5) Direct Influence of the Environment: Attempting to change the nature of the
competitive conditions in its environment to suit its needs
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‫‪Knowledge Station 2020/2021‬‬
‫‪Gergs Ayyad‬‬ ‫‪01553058768‬‬

‫‪Chapter 3‬‬
‫‪The Environment and Culture of Organizations‬‬
‫ثُئخ اىَْظَخ‪:‬‬
‫ثُئخ خبسجُخ ‪:‬‬
‫أ) اىجُئخ اىؼبٍخ‪ :‬مو شٍء خبسج حذود اىَْظَخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )1‬اىجؼذ االقتصبدٌ‪ :‬صحخ اىْظبً االقتصبدٌ اىزٌ تؼَو فُه اىَْظَخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )2‬اىجؼذ اىتنْىىىجٍ‪ :‬اىطشق اىَتبحخ ىتحىَو اىَىاسد إىً ٍْتجبد‪.‬‬
‫‪ )3‬اىجؼذ االجتَبػٍ واىثقبفٍ‪ :‬اىؼبداد واىقٌُ واىخصبئص اىذََىغشافُخ ىيَجتَغ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )4‬اىجؼذ اىسُبسٍ اىقبّىٍّ‪ :‬اىتْظٌُ اىحنىٍٍ ىألػَبه‪.‬‬
‫‪ )5‬اىجؼذ اىذوىٍ‪ :‬تتأثش اىَْظَخ ثبألػَبه اىتجبسَخ فٍ اىجيذاُ األخشي‪.‬‬

‫ة) ثُئخ اىَهبً‪ :‬اىَجَىػبد واىَْظَبد اىَحذدح اىتٍ تؤثش ػيً اىششمخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )1‬اىَْبفسىُ‪ٍْ :‬ظَخ تتْبفس ٍغ اىَْظَبد األخشي ػيً اىَىاسد‪.‬‬
‫‪ )2‬اىؼَالء‪َ :‬ذفغ اىَبه ىيحصىه ػيً ٍْتجبد اىَْظَخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )3‬اىَىسدَِ‪ٍْ :‬ظَخ تىفش اىَىاسد ىَْظَبد أخشي‪.‬‬
‫‪ )4‬اىششَل االستشاتُجٍ‪ :‬اىؼَو ٍغ اىَزَذ ٍِ اىَْظَبد األخشي فٍ ٍششوع ٍشتشك‪.‬‬
‫‪ٍْ )5‬ظٌ‪ :‬وحذح ىذَهب اىقذسح ػيً اىتحنٌ واىتششَغ‪.‬‬
‫‪ٍ )6‬جَىػخ اىَصبىح‪ٍ :‬جَىػخ َْظَهب أػضبئهب ىَحبوىخ اىتأثُش ػيً األػَبه اىتجبسَخ‪.‬‬

‫اىجُئخ اىذاخيُخ‪ :‬اىظشوف واىقىي اىَىجىدح وفٍ اىؼَو داخو اىَْظَخ‪.‬‬

‫‪ )1‬اىَبىل‪ :‬مو ٍِ ََنْه اىَطبىجخ ثحقىق اىَينُخ ىَْظَخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ٍ )2‬جيس اإلداسح‪ :‬هُئخ إداسَخ َتٌ اّتخبثهب ٍِ قجو أصحبة اىَصيحخ فٍ اىَؤسسخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )3‬اىَىظفُِ‪ )4 .‬ثُئخ اىؼَو اىَبدَخ‪.‬‬

‫مُف تؤثش اىجُئبد ػيً اىَْظَبد؟‬

‫‪ )1‬اىتغُُش واىتؼقُذ‪َ :‬حذث اىتغُُش اىجُئٍ ثطشَقتُِ‪:‬‬
‫اىذسجخ اىتٍ َحذث ثهب اىتغُُش فٍ اىجُئخ‪.‬‬
‫دسجخ تجبّس أو تؼقُذ اىجُئخ‪.‬‬
‫ػذً اىُقُِ‪ :‬قىح دافؼخ تؤثش ػيً اىقشاساد اىتْظَُُخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )2‬اىقىي اىتْبفسُخ‪ :‬اىقىي اىتْبفسُخ اىخَس ىجىستش‪:‬‬
‫أ) تهذَذ اىذاخيُِ اىجذد إىً اىسىق‪ :‬سهىىخ دخىه اىَْبفسُِ إىً اىسىق‪ .‬ة) اىتْبفس اىتْبفسٍ ثُِ اىَْبفسُِ اىحبىُُِ‪:‬‬
‫اىَْبفسخ ثُِ اىششمبد فٍ اىصْبػخ‪.‬‬
‫ج) تهذَذ اىَْتجبد اىجذَيخ‪ :‬اىَذي اىزٌ ََنِ أُ تحو فُه اىَْتجبد ‪ /‬اىخذٍبد اىجذَيخ ٍحو اىحبجخ إىً اىَْتجبد ‪ /‬اىخذٍبد‬
‫اىحبىُخ‪.‬‬
‫د) قىح اىَشتشَِ‪ٍ :‬ذي تأثُش اىَشتشَِ ػيً ٍْبفسُهٌ فٍ اىسىق‪.‬‬
‫هـ) قىح اىَىسدَِ‪ٍ :‬ذي تأثُش اىَىسدَِ ػيً ٍْبفسُهٌ فٍ اىسىق‪.‬‬
‫‪ )3‬االضطشاثبد اىجُئُخ‪ :‬تغُُشاد غُش ٍتىقؼخ فٍ ثُئخ اىَْظَخ‪.‬‬

‫مُف تتنُف اىَْظَبد ٍغ ثُئبتهب‪:‬‬

‫‪ )1‬إداسح اىَؼيىٍبد فٍ اىَْظَبد‪ :‬اىَسح اىجُئٍ ‪ّ -‬ظٌ اىَؼيىٍبد‪.‬‬
‫‪ )2‬االستجبثخ االستشاتُجُخ‪ :‬اىحفبظ ػيً االستشاتُجُخ اىحبىُخ أو تغُُشهب أو اػتَبد استشاتُجُخ جذَذح‪.‬‬
‫‪ )3‬ػَيُبد االّذٍبج واالستحىار واىتحبىفبد‪ :‬تجَغ اىششمبد ‪ -‬تشتشٌ ‪ -‬أو تشنو ٍششوػًب جذَذًا‪.‬‬
‫‪ )4‬اىتصٌَُ اىتْظٍَُ واىَشوّخ‪ :‬اىتنُف ٍِ خاله ثْبء اىَشوّخ‪.‬‬
‫‪ )5‬اىتأثُش اىَجبشش ػيً اىجُئخ‪ٍ :‬حبوىخ تغُُش طجُؼخ اىظشوف اىتْبفسُخ فٍ ثُئتهب ىتْبست احتُبجبتهب‪.‬‬

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