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udk r_rifay?Tae&mwGifa&vmull;aeus/pdrfa eus_zpfyHk& onf?
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olr.atmfoHudk jum;Iaumifav;uausmufaqmifatmufudka_y;qif;onf?vuf
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vdk ufonf?
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pkyf, la erdonf?cdkif uowdr&ao;aomfvnf;rodp dwfu^idrf raeyJa ,mif, rf;umzuf
vdk ufrdonf?aumifav;.vufrsm;ucd kif .}uD;rm;aomEdk hESpfvHk;udkc yfjurf;jurf;zspf
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awmho nf?xdkha emuf cdkif.aygifwef rsm;ay:cGxdkifvdkuf& if;olr._zL0if;aomEd kh tHk }uD;udk
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ruf urBmav;xJa&mufaeqJ_zpf onf?
 um;aeaomaygifw ef }uD; rsm;tv,fucdkif.apmufy wf}uD;rSmrdkh armufazmif;
um;ae^yD;vD;_zifhxd k; qGyG wfqGJc H&aomtcgydkIazmif; um;vmonf? rod romv+ yf&Sm;
&if;aygifum;oGm;avawmh [^yJtuGJ jum;xJ odkhvD;xdy f' pfzsm;uododomom0ifoGm;
onf?vD;xdyfrSt&nfa wGpdr fhxG ufvmaomajumifhacsmf acsmfoGm;onf?'Dawmh aumif
av;rSmEdkh tHk}uD; ukd yg;pyf_zifhpkyfay;ae&muol r.aygifwefoG,fo G,f }uD;ay:tm;&yg;&
xdkif&if;vufwpfzuf uapmufy wfudk udkif um^zJvd kuf onf?xdkhaemufwa_z;a_z;zdoGif;
vdk uf&mvD; }uD; rS macsmueJ0ifp_yKvmonf?zifudktm;,lumaumhxd k;vdk ufaomtcg
vufoH k;vHk;cefh 0ifoGm;onf?arh arsmaeaomcdk ifrSmtifhueJ_zpfoG m;aomfvnf; owd_yef
r&ao;ay?0ifaeaomvD; }uD;udk_ yefE +wfvdkuf_ yefoGif; vdk ufESifhtcsufESpfq ,fcefha_z;
a_z;csif;vk yfay;vdkufaomtcgolr.apmufy wfeH&Hrsm;acsmarGhvm^yD;wk wfcdkifaomvD;
}uD; .'%fudk cHEdkifp_yKvmovdkvD;uvnf;0if oxuf0ifoGm;avonf?aumifav;rSm
rk efw dkif;xef vm^yD;tm;&yg;&aqmifhvdk;csif vmonf ?odkhaomfaqmifh csuf_yif;vdkhcdkifEdk;
vm&ift cuf?'gayr,fhcd kif rSmaygif }uD;awG v+yf &Sm;vmovkdzifq Hk }uD;awG uwjuGjuG
_zpfvmonf?arharsmae&if; umrt&omudkcHpm;ae&aomajumifh wtifhtifhn nf;ae
ovdkyif ?vD;wpf0 uf avmuf0ifaomtcgaumifav;rSmr!SmEdkifawmhyJZwfueJaqmifh
oGif;vdkufa wmhonf?
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romzuf rd&if;rsufvHk;rsm;_yefy Gifhvmawmho nf?
Þ[if/ rif;bmvky fwmvJ/b,folvJß
rdrdud k,fa y:cGxdkifxm;aomaumif av;udkjunfh&if; rdrd udk,fudk_ yefjunf hrdI &S uf
aoG;_zmoGm;umrsuf vHk;rsm;a,mif,rf; rS dwfoGm;avonf?
Þudk,f uaZmfrif; yg/cdkifa&epfvd khq ,f&if;ckvdk h h hckvdkß
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ygonf ?
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cdkifw pfa,muf^id rf usoGm;ygawmhonf?'Dta_ctaerSa wmh@kef;uefvdkh vnf; t
ajumif;rxl;awmhyg?rdr dapmufy wfxJv D;uwpf0 ufxd 0ifaeav^yD?xd kh_yif vlod&if
vnf;&Su fp&m?wpf&SufuESp f&S uf_ zpfvdr fh rnf?
ÞudkaZmf/od yfqdk;wmyJ/'Dv dkvkyfw mawmhraumif;ygbl;ß
 'DtcsdefwGifaZmfuem;vnfav^yD?tcsdef rqdk if;awmhyJolr .E+ wfcrf;v$mukdzdpk yf,l
vdk ufonf? cdkifuawmh rwkef h_yef?'gayr,fh v#mzsm;av;uxdk;qG aewJh t_yifEdkh}uD;awGudk
qkwf e,f ay;aeawmhol rwpf udk,f vHk;wkef&Daeawmho nf?aZmfuvly g;/qG&if;aqmh&if;eJh
olrapmufywfxJ uvD;udktcsufusustxkwftoGif;vkyf aeonf ?olaqmifhcsvdkuf
wdkif;olr.rsuf aph rsm;arS;pif;oGm;umapmufacgif;xJo dkh wdk;0if aeaomvD;.t&omudk
cHpm;ae&onf?}uD;rm;aomwifyg;rsm;rS maqmifhc svd kuf wdkif;atmuf uausmufzsmay:
odkh_ym;uyfoGm;onf?zif}uD;avvdk;aumif;avqdkawmhaZmfr SmvJtHrsm;yif }udwfIvdk;
aqmifh aeavonf?
ÞudkaZmf/a_z;a_z;/emw,fß
aZmfhvD;uwkwfvJwk wf/}uD;vJ}uD;qdka wmhcdkifh crsmrcHEdkif&S m?zif }uD;wm/apmuf
ywf}uD;wmESifh rqdkifay?apmufacgif;t0usOf;usOf;udkwtm;aqmifhawmho lrcrsm
roufomvSyg?'DawmhaZmfua_z;a_z;csif;zD vif,lumvdk;awmho nf?ESpfa ,mufom;
t&nf junfawG&$JaeavawmhwpGyf pGy f/wzwfzwfE Sifh qlnH aeav^yD?
Þtm;/udka Zmf/aumif;vdku fwm/[if;[if;ß
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Þtd k/ udkaZmf uvJ /bmawGav#mufa_ymaewmvJ/cdkif&S ufw,f/tdk u|wfu|wf/ aumif;
w,f/tm; aqmifh aqmifhß
wa_z;a_z;jumvmonfESifht r#olr rS mt&omawGhvm^yD;rvkyfw wfvkyfwwf
ESifhzif}uD;awGaÕrmufumaumhay;aeygonf ?zif}uD;awGa_rmuf wufvmwdkif; aZmfu
aqmifh csvdk ufw mtH ud kufq dkawmhE Spfa,mufom;tm;&yg;&vkd;aejuavonf?aZmf .
vuf rsm;uvnf;t^id rfraeyJcdkif. wifyg;qHk }uD;udk qkwf e,fay;aeonf?aumif;vGef;
aomajumifhcdkif crsmaZmf hcg;uk dvuf_zifhz uf&if;w[if; [if;ESifhumraZmjuGaeav
onf?vD;}uD;uvnf;tm;&zG,frmawmifaeawmhapmufacgif;xJuwzsif;zsif;wuf vm
aomumrt&omudk qd rfhtDp GmcHpm;ae&onf?
ÞudkaZmf/aqmifhaqmifh/r!S meJha wmh/remawmh bl;ß
tm;&yg;&zif}uD;udkaÕrmuf &rf;ay;&mucdkifu^yHk;Itm;ay;ygonf?t&omqdr fh
qd rfhud kcHpm;ae&Icdkifwpfa,mufr&SufE dkifawmhay?wrf;wrf;ww_zifhtm;ay;tm;
aÕrmuf^yKawmha ZmfuvJr!Smawmhyg?pdwf&Sdvuf&Sda qmifhumvd k;avawmho nf?
Þ_yGwf_yGwf zwfz wf pGyfß
Þaumif; w,f/tm; aqmifh/ udkaZmf&,faumif;vdkufwm/tif;[if;[if;ß
 cdkif.zif}uD;rS mzdvkdufa wmhc Guf0ifoGm;oa,mifyif?aZmf ur!S mrwmaqmifhcs
vdk ufwdkif;cdkifuw[if; [if;_zifhzifqHk }uD; udka umhay;ae&mjunfhaumif;vSygawmh
onf?tu,fIukwifay:qdkv#ifonfhxufy dk Itm;&zG,f_zpfonf?,ckrla usmufz smay:
wGif_zpf Itay:rScGum'l;axmuf xm;&aomaZmfr Sm 'l;emovdkcd kif rS mvnf;ausmufzsm
ay:yuf vufc Ha e&IodyfZ dr frawGhvSay?vD;aqmifh 0ifwdkif;umrajumrsm;w_zwf_zwfcHk
umt&om&SdIomawmfawmhonf ?cdkifo nfzDvifwufvmIzif }uD;udkaÕrmufay;@kHom
rutay:rScGxm;aomaZmf.udk,fvHk; udkygvuf_zifhw&G&GyG wfay;aeavonf ?vD;
aqmifh 0if wdkif;tH}ud wfumzif} uD; udkaumhay;aeavawmhaZmf rSmvnf;wufjuGvmavonf
?umrpd wfawGxvmonfESifh tr#aqmifhcsufa wG jurf;vmav^yD?
ÞudkaZmf/aumif; vdkuf wm/r&yfeJha emf/aqmifhaqmifh/ [if;[if; /[kw f^yD/ aqmifh
tr,fav;/ u|wfu |wfß
tm;&yg;&aqmifha eaomaZmf rSmzif qHkt dtd}uD; _ym;uyfoG m;onftxd r!Smrwm
zdvdk;aeavonf?Edkht Hk }uD;ESpfvHk;rS mvnf;ol.vufwGif;Ytm;&yg;&acsrGcHae&o_zifh
cdkifhr SmrSdef;IcHae&if;xl; onfxuf xl;vmaomt&omajumifhwifyg;ajumrsm;v+yf &rf;
vmavonf?zif }uD; udkaumhay;ae&mutm;rvdktm;r&_zpfaeaomajumifholr.
a_zmifhpif; oG,fvsaomaygifwef }uD;rsm;udkqef hxm;&mrSaxmifu m'l; auG;vdk ufav
onf?'l;axmif&if; ua_caxmuf udktm;_yku mausmufzsmudkuefIwifyg;qHk}uD;udk aumh
ay;av&mzif}uD;rsm;rS mausmufzsmay:rSvGw fxGufoGm;avonf?xdkht_yifzifqH k}uD;
oavmufapmufywft 0usOf;aomcdkif.apmufacgif;xJodkhcyfjuyf juyf wdk; 0if_cif;_zpf
&m}uD;rm;wkwfcdkifa omaZmf .vD;rSmvufESifhqk wfxm;ovkdcHpm;ae&IaZmfh rS mvnf;xl ;
uJaomt&omud kcHpm;ae&onf?apmufacgif; wpfckvHk;udkae&mrvyfvD;_zifhxdk;qGcHa e
&Icdkif rSmvnf;w[if;[if;ESifht&omqd rfhwufvmavonf?wcsufw csuf wGifvD;wef
uapmufywft0&Sda pmufaphtwufav;udk xdk;qGo Gm;av&musifueJ/usifueJ"mwf
vdk ufonfhES,fcHpm;&Icdkifhr SmxGefh xGefhvl;oGm;avawmhonf?'DvdkESifh cyfjumjumzd
aqmifh vdk ufaomtcg h h h h
Þtd k/ udkaZmf/ [if;[if;/b,fvdk_zpfwmvJrodbl;/ aumif;vdk ufwm/tifh tdk/tt tm;ß
tajumaygif;rsm;pGmrS qdrfhwufvmaomt&omudkcHpm;vdk uf&^yD;cdkifrS mwpfcsD^yD;
oGm;avonf?xdkha jumifhwpf udk,fvHk;wGefhvdrf umtajumawGwif;oGm;IaZmfh udkwtm;
zuf um^id rf usoG m;awmhonf ?aZmfudk, fwdkifvJwpfcsD^yD;csifvmIvD;udk apmuf acgif;xJ
odkh0ifE dkifo r#0ifatmifzdoGif;vdkufaomtcgvD;wpf ckvHk;wqwfq wfwk efoGm;^yD;okwf
&nfrsm;udkapmufy wf xJodkh yef; xk wfvdkufavawmho nf?xdktcgcdkif.apmufywfxJwGif
t&nf rsm;_ynfh ae^yD;apmufacgif;wpfckvHk;@+Hh csnf yGc snf_ zpfaeavawmhonf?
Þaumif;vdkufw mudk& ,f/wpfu dk ,fvHk;usifpuf eJh wdkhvdk ufovdkEHk; acGoGm;wmyJß
Þudk,f vnf ;aumif; wmyJ/ uJa e&ma&$hjuOD;pdkh/cd kifht0wfawGaumß
ÞrsufES mok wfy0gaum/xrdefa um[dkausmuf aqmifa tmuf ua&pyfrSmß
Þvmyg/'Dem;updwfrcs&bl;/ausmufaqmifay:uwuf junfh&if_ rif &w,fß
tay:odkharmh junfh&if;aZmfua_ymvdk ufonf?wu,f wrf ;ausmufaqmifay:rS
junfhol&Sdaeonf udk a wmhE Spfa ,mufpvHk;rodjuay?ausmufaqmifay:0rf; vsm;arSmuf
&if;Zmwfvrf; tptqHk; udk junfhaeolrSmcyfi ,fi,faumifrav;wpfa,muf_zpfyg
onf?rar#mfvifhaomZmwfvrf;udktoHray;bJacsmif; junfh&if;uzDvifrsm;vnf;wuf
aeavonf ?ol ruvnf;acol r[k wfyg?a&ul;0wfp Hk0 wfxm;&mvSyaomwifyg;qHk/Edkh
ESpfr$m_zifh@kyf&nfuvnf;tysHpm;yif?0rf ;vsm;arSm ufa eIrdkhtda eaomwifyg;qHk um;
um;}uD;rSmcHk;armufa eygonf?aZmfw dkha_ymif;oGm;aomae&mudk_rif Edkif& efwa_z;a_z;
ae&ma&$haeavonf?t0wfr Jhvl om;ESpfOD;rSmvufc sif;wGJ Ia&pyf odk hqif;oGm;ygonf ?
0ifvkqJqJaea&mifatmufwGif vHk;uspfrmwif;aeaomcdkif .EdkhE Spfr$mESifhum;0dkif;tdpuf
aeaomwif yg;qHkw dkh.tvS uaZmf.vD;udkxvmap_yef onf?
ÞaeOD; cdkif / udk,fvkyfay;OD;r,fß
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vHk;udktomt,mqGJ^zJvdk ufonf?um;tdaeaomapmufywftHkay:&S dtar$;Ekav;rsm;rS m
a&pdkIyd_ym;aeonf?wifyg;qHkxGm;xGm;/aygif um;um;ud kaZmfuvSrf; zuf&if; apmufywf
udk,k,k,,erf;vdkuf w,f?^yD;awmhapmufywft HkudkE +wfcrf; eJhzd uyfpkyfvd kuf^yD;apmuf
ywfw pfc kvHk; udkxif ovdkar$erf; aeawmhtajumaygif; pHkwqwfq wfv+yfoGm;umcdkifzD
vifawGwufvmw,f ?wpfudk,fvHk;vl;vG efh vm^yD;yg;pyfuw[if; [if; nnf; oHawG
xGufvmw,f?ausmufaqmifay:uaumif rav;uvnf;cdkifzDvifwuf wmudk junfh^yD;
zDvifawG wufvmw,f? r_rifbl ;wm_rif&awmhaumif rav;&ifxJumrqENa wGxvmw,f?
c%jumawmhaZmfutay:ud kw ufvm^yD;cdk ifhE+wfc rf;udkpk yf erf;vdk uf&if;uol r
.vuf wpfzuf udk ud kif umyklaEG; rmawmifaewJhvD;}uD;ay:wifay;vdkufonf ?cdkifh rS mwGef h
ueJ_zpfoGm;^yD;vD;}uD;udkqkw fu dki fvdkuf avonf?aZmfuolr.Ed khoD;eDd eD& J&Judkygyg;pyf
xJiHk^yD;pkyf,lae_yefonf?wtifh tifhESifh vkyf or#cHae&if ;uaZmfhvD; }uD; ukdjunfhrdonf ?
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atrDuwpfcsD^yD;oG m;av^yD?apmufy wfacgif;xJwGif txdrcHEd kifatmifusifueJ/
usif ueJ_zpfaeawmhaqmifhwmrcHEdkifb l; aygh?xdkhajumifh aZmfhausm_yifudkodrf;zufvdkuf
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wpfc sD ^ yD;oG m;onfukd a Zmfod vdk ufonf?t&nfawGuvnf;pdk&$Jx Gufaeonf?aZmfukd,f
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awmh av#mueJ0ifoGm;avonf? xkwfvdk uf/ oGif;vdk ufE Sifhq,fcsufcefhvkyf rda wmhaZmfh
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Ivk yfaejuavonf?
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Þudk udk/atrDtm;r&bl ;/aqmif haqmifh/ ememaqmifhß
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atmufy dkif;zif}uD;awGudkrodromyJa umh ay;Edkifayonf ?aZmfuk d,fw dk ifuvnf;'l;
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xdkhajumifhatrDudkxd ka vSy suf }uD;qDukdac:oGm;^yD;avS ay:ukdayGhc sD vdk ufonf?
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