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AN AUTOMOBILE POWER TRAIN
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AN AUTOMOBILE POWER

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TRAIN

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COMPONENTS OF POWER TRAIN
 A power plant

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EN
 A clutch in a manual transmission or a torque

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converter in automatic transmission

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 A gear box

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 Final drive

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 Differential shaft d
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 PLANT

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CLASSIFICATION OF VEHICLE POWER
 VEHICLE POWER PLANT
 In selecting a suitable power plant, the following factors are

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considered

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 Operating performance

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 Economy

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 Environmental friendliness

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IDEAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTIC OF
A POWER PLANT

 Constant power output over the full speed range.

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EN
 Consequently the torque varies hyperbolically with

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respect to speed.

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 Ensure maximum power is available at any vehicle

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speed, thus resulting in optimal vehicle performance

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Th
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IDEAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
BUT, IN PRACTICE
 In practice, the torque is constrained to be constant in

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low speed.

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This constant power characteristic will provide the

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vehicle with high tractive effort at low speeds where

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demands for acceleration, or grade climbing capability
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TORQUE , SPEED CHARACTERISTIC OF ICE
TORQUE - SPEED CHARACTERISTIC OF ICE
 It starts smoothly at the idle speed.

AI
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Good combustion quality and maximum torque are reached at an

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

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intermediate engine speed.

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 As the speed further increases, the torque decreases due to less

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air induced into the cylinders, caused by the growing losses in the

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air-induction manifold and grossing power losses caused by

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mechanical friction and hydraulic viscosity.

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Power output, increases to its maximum at a certain higher speed
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Beyond this speed, the engine power starts declining
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 TORQUE - SPEED CHARACTERISTIC OF ICE
 The IC engine has a relatively flat torque-speed profile.

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 Consequently, a multi gear transmission is usually

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employed to modify it.

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MULTI GEAR TRANSMISSION

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