Name : Jumria Mufarridiyah Kalurung

Reg. Number : 2001020201

Class :1/F

MODUL 8

Exercise 1
Which of the following sentences is passive. Indicate P for passive or A for
active!
Example: 1. The book was bought yesterday.  P.
2. Ann bought the book yesterday.  A.

1. The lesson is going to be explained by the teacher. ___P___

2. Two horses were pulling the farmer’s wagon. ___A___
3. That play was written by Shakespeare. ___P___
4. Ann will be invited to the party. ___P___
5. That report was prepared last night. ___P___
6. It rained hard yesterday. ___A___
7. Peggy has been awarded a scholarship by the university. ___P___
8. The book had been returned to the library before the due date. ___P___
9. The letter is being typed by my secretary. ___P___
10.They will send you a bill ___A___
11.The heavy box must be removed from here. ___P___
12.She must be informed about the news soon ___P___
13.The are broken by those naughty boys. ___P___
14.The car has been stolen. ___P___
15.They have sold the car. ___A___

Exercise 2
Change the active to the passive by supplying the correct form of be.
1. Tom opens the door.  The door IS opened by Tom.
2. Tom is opening the door.  The door IS BEING opened by Tom.
3. Tom has opened the door.  The door HAS BEEN opened by Tom..
4. Tom opened the door.  The door WAS opened by Tom..
5. Tom was opening the door.  The door WAS BEING opened by Tom.
6. Tom had opened the door.  The door HAD BEEN opened by Tom.
7. Tom will open the door.  The door WILL BE opened by Tom.
8. Tom is going to open the door.  The door IS GOING TO BE opened
by Tom.
9. Tom will have opened the door.  The door WILL HAVE BEEN opened
by Tom.

Exercise 3
a. Change the following active sentences into passive when possible. Some
verbs are transitive, but some others are intransitive so they cannot be
changed into passive. Include the by phrase only if necessary.
Example:
a. A strange thing happened yesterday.  No change.
b. Jackie scored the winning goal.  The winning goal was scored by
Jackie.

1. People grow corn in Iowa.  Corn is grown in Iowa.

2. Peter came here two months ago.  No change
3. Someone stole my purse.  My purse was stolen by someone.
4. Dr. Ikeda developed that theory.  That theory was development
by Dr.Ikeda
5. Someone made this table in 1734.  This table was made by
someone in 174.
6. My sister’s plane will arrive at 10.30.  No change
7. When did someone invent the radio?  When was the radio invented
by someone?
8. An accident happened at the corner of Fifth and Main.  No change
11. The solution to my problem appeared to me in a dream.  No change
12. Someone was making the coffee when I walked into the kitchen.
 The coffe wasbeing made by someone when I walked into the
kitchen.
13. Jim’s daughter drew that picture, but my son drew this one.
 That picture was drawn by Jim’s daughter, but this one was drawn
by my son.
 14. The judges will judge the applications on the basis of their originality.
 The applicants would be judged by the judges on the basis of their
originality.
15. Is Professor River teaching that course this semester?
 Is that course being teached by Professor Rivers this semester?
16. The mail carrier had already delivered the letter by the time I left for
school this morning.
 The mail has been already delivered by the mail carrier by the time I
left for school this morning
17. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?
 No change
18. After the concert was over, hundreds of fans mobbed the rock music
star outside the theatre.
 After the concert was over, the rock music star was mobbed by
hundreds of fans outside the theatre.
19. Ever since I arrived here, I have been living in the dormitory because
someone told me that it was cheaper to live there than in an apartment.
 Ever since I arrived here, I have been living in the dormitory
because I was told by someone that is was cheaper to live there than in
apartment.
20. They1 are going to build the new hospital next year. They have already
built the new elementary school.
 The new hospital is going to be built by themnext year. The new
elementary school has been already built by them.
21. If you2 expose a film to light while you are developing it, you will ruin
the negatives.
 If a film is exposed to light while you are developing it, you will ruin
the negatives.
22. The children seemed happy when they went to the zoo.  No change

b. What would be the active equivalents of the passive sentences below?

You can use the impersonal pronoun ‘they’ or ‘someone’ for the active
sentence that has no specific subject.
Example:
a. That book was bought by him.  He bought that book.
b. That house was built in 1789. They/someone built that house in 1789.
1
They in # 20 is an impersonal pronoun; it refers to ‘some people’ but to no people in particular.
2
You in # 21 is also an impersonal pronoun; it refers to any person or people in general..
 1. My sweater was made in England.
 Someone made my sweater in england
2. The new highway will be completed sometime next month.
 They will complete the new highway sometimes in the next months.
3. Language skills are taught in every school in the country.
 They teach language skills in every school in the country.
4. Beethoven’s Seventh Symphony was performed at the concert last
night.
 They performed Beethoven’s Seventh Sympony at the concert last
night.
5. The World Cup soccer games are being televised all over the world.
 Some station television are televising the World Cup soccer games
all over the world.
6. This composition was written by Ali. That one was written by Yoko.
 Ali wrote this composition. Yoko wrote that one.
7. The Washington Monument is visited by hundreds of people every day.
 Hundreds of people visit the Washington Monument every day.
8. The chief writing material of ancient times was papyrus. It was used in
Egypt, Greece and other Mediterranean lands.
 the chief writing material of ancient times was papyrus. Some people
used it in Egypt, Greece, and other Mediterranean lands.
9. Parchment was another writing material. It was widely used in ancient
times. It was made from the skins of animals such as sheep and goats.
After the hair had been removed, the skins were stretched and rubbed
smooth.
 Someone made parchment, another writing material it was widely
used in ancient times from the skin of animal such as sheep and goats.
After the hair had been removed, the skins were stretched and rubbed
smooth.
10. Paper, the main writing material today, was invented by the Chinese.
 The Chinese invented paper, the main writing material today.

Exercise 4
Change the following active sentences into passive. Use both direct and
indirect objects as the passive subject.
Example: Some one handed Ann a menu at the restaurant.
 Ann was handed a menu at the restaurant.
 A menu was handed to Ann at the restaurant.

1. Indiana University has awarded Peggy a scholarship.

 Peggy has been awarded a scholarship by Indiana University.
2. Some company paid Fred three hundred dollars in consulting fees.
 Fred was paid three hundred dollars in consulting fees.
3. A local advertising company has offered Maria a good job.
 Maria has been offered a good job by local advertising company.
4. They will send you a bill at the end of the month.
 You will be sent a bill by them at the end of the month.
5. Someone will give the starving people a week’s supply of rice as soon as the
food supplies arrive in the famine-stricken area.
 The starving people will be given a week’s supply of rice as soon as the
food supplies arive in the famine-stricken are by someone.

8.3. Evaluation
a. Change the following active sentences to passive sentences.

1. The Food and Drug Administration has ordered manufacturers to list the
ingredients of canned and packaged foods in decreasing order by weight.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
________________
2. Manufacturers must show the name of the product and the net contents on all
food labels.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
________________
3. Consumer groups are constantly reminding shoppers to read these labels
carefully.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
________________
4. Many markets sell artificial foods such as imitation ice cream, mayonnaise,
and maple syrup.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
________________
5. Many of these imitation foods might affect your health.
_____________________________________________________________
________
6. Health food stores do not sell imitation foods.

________________________________________________________________
_____
7. Many health-conscious people are buying natural foods.

________________________________________________________________
_____
8. Wise shoppers will consider both quality and economy when they shop.
______________________________________________________________
_______
9. Busy people will still buy frozen dinners regardless of cost.

________________________________________________________________
_____
10.People are going to spend less money on gourmet food as food prices
continue to rise.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
________________
b. Write passive sentences about the given topic. Use the passive verb form
in the given tense and then add an agent if necessary.

Example: The letter ______________________ (send/past).

The letter was sent by airmail to the company.

1. The book …………………………………………(translate / present

perfect).
________________________________________________________________
_____
2. Accountants …………………………………(train / present with a modal).
_____________________________________________________________
_______
3. Women ………………………………………(liberate/present continuous).

_____________________________________________________________
______
4. Engineers ……………………………………………(employ/simple
present).

_____________________________________________________________
______
5. The letter ……………………………………………… (write/simple
future).

_____________________________________________________________
______
6. The club’s meeting …………………………………(call off / past modal).

_____________________________________________________________
______
7. My homework …………………………………………(correct/past
perfect).

________________________________________________________________
___
8. Our flight ………………………………………………(delay/simple
future).

________________________________________________________________
___
9. His money ………………………………………………(not find/simple
past).

________________________________________________________________
____
10. The new engine ………………………………………(test/past continuous).
________________________________________________________________
____

c. Use the words in the following list to complete the sentence. All of the
sentences are passive. Use any appropriate tense.
build frighten report cause invent
spell confuse kill surprise divide
offer order surround expect wear

1. The electric light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison.

2. An island ________________________IS SURROUNDED by water.
3. The –ing form of ‘sit’ ____________________ with a double ‘t’.
4. Even though construction costs are high, a new dormitory _________ next
year.
5. The class was too large, so it _________________________ into two
sections.
6. A bracelet ___________________________around the wrist.
7. The Johnson’s house burned down. According to the inspector, the fire
______________ by lightning.
8. Ali got a ticket for reckless driving. When he went to traffic court, he
_______________ to pay a fine of $ 100.
9. I read about a hunter who _______________________ by wild animals.
10.The hunter’s fatal accident ___________________ in the newspaper
yesterday.
11.I didn’t expect Linda to come to the meeting last night, but she was there. I
___________ to see her there.
12.Last week I _____________________ a job at a local bank, but I didn’t
accept.
13.The children ___________________ in the middle of the night when they
heard strange noises in the house.
14.Could you try to explain this math problem to me again? Yesterday in class I
_________ by the teacher’s explanation.
15.A: Is the plane going to be late?
B: No, It _________________________ to be on time.
d. Use active or passive, in any appropriate tenses, for the verbs in
parenthesis.

1. The Amazon valley is extremely important to the ecology of the earth. Forty
percent of the world’s oxygen (produce) __________________________
there.
2. The game (win, probably) ________________________ by the other team
tomorrow. They’re a lot better than we are.
3. There was a terrible accident on a busy downtown street yesterday. Dozens
of people (see) ____________________ it, including my friend, who
(interview) ______________ by the police.
4. In my country, certain prices (control) ___________________________ by
the government, such as the prices of medical supplies. However, other
prices (determine) ____________________ by how much people are willing
to pay for a product.
5. Yesterday the wind (blow) _______________________ my hat off my head.
I had to chase it down the street. I (want, not) ____________________ to
loose it because it’s my favorite hat and it (cost) _____________________ a
lot.
6. Right now Alex is in the hospital. He (treat) __________________ for a bad
burn on his hand and arm.
7. Yesterday a purse-snatcher (catch) __________________by a dog. While
the thief (chase) ____________ by the police, he (jump) __________ over a
fence into someone’s yard, where he encountered a ferocious dog. The dog
(keep) ____________________ the thief from escaping.
8. Frostbite may occur when the skin (expose) ________________ to extreme
cold. It most frequently (affect) ________________ the skin of the cheek,
chin, fingers, nose and toe.
9. Richard Anderson is a former astronaut. Several years ago, at age 52,
Anderson (inform) ___________________ by his superior at the aircraft
corporation that he could no longer be a test pilot. He (tell)
____________________ that he was being relieved of his duties because of
his age. Claiming age discrimination, he took the corporation to court.
10.A network of lines (discover) _________________ on Mars’ surface by an
Italian astronomer around the turn of the century. The astronomer (call)
__________________ these lines “channels”, but when the Italian word
(translate) ______________________ into English, it became “canals”. As a
result, some people thought the lines were waterways that (build)
________________ by some unknown living creatures. We now know that
the lines are not really canals. Canals (exist, not) _____________ on Mars.

e. Fill in the correct form of the passive verb in each blank by changing the
active verb form into the passive verb form. Use the present tenses.

A Forecasts ______________ (make) in businesses regularly. They

.
 ________ (use) by many large companies and corporations as a
preliminary step to outline sales strategies. Accurate predictions
_____________ (must take) because the future of a business depends on
its sales. For example, Computer Corporation manufacturers pocket-size
computers. The marketing manager depends on casts to plan marketing
actions for their products. These forecasts ___________________ (can
make) by marketing strategies for as large a territorial area as the East
and West Coasts or for each state or city. Furthermore, sales
_________________ (can forecast) for various time periods, ranging
from as long as a year to a short specific buying season such as
Christmas. From the pertinent information that _________________
(has given) to the marketing manager, sales strategies for the company’s
products ________________(will make) as accurately as possible.
B Laser light __________ (can use) for transmitting power. Electrical
. power ____________ (translate) to laser light. At the end of the distant
beam, the reverse process takes place. Because fog or rain would
interfere with transmission on earth, lasers ____________________
(must beam) through evacuated pipelines to prevent power loss. These
pipelines _______________ (must make) perfectly straight in order to
accommodate the arrow-like laser beam. Mirrors _________________
(require) to allow the beams to change directions and go around corners.