F3

Passive voice / Should…/ reported speech /to-infinitive+ gerund/ mixed tense

Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice without specifying the tense.

1. They repaired the broken window.

2. The students are studying for the exam.
3. The company will release a new product next month.
4. Someone has stolen my wallet.
5. The government implemented new policies.
6. The teacher was explaining the lesson to the students.
7. They are organizing a charity event.
8. The chef cooks delicious meals in the restaurant.
9. The students had submitted their assignments before the deadline.
10. The mechanic will fix your car tomorrow.
11. They are conducting interviews for the job position.
12. The company awarded him the Employee of the Year title.
13. The children are playing in the park.
14. Someone had already booked the hotel room.
15. The police arrested the suspect.
16. The team is practicing for the upcoming match.
17. They will announce the winners next week.
18. The artist painted a beautiful landscape.
19. The documents were misplaced by someone.
20. The committee has made a decision.

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate gerund or to-infinitive form of the verb in parentheses.

1. I enjoy __________ (read) books in my free time.

2. She admitted __________ (make) a mistake.
3. They suggested __________ (go) for a walk in the park.
4. He hates __________ (clean) the dishes after dinner.
5. We decided __________ (visit) the museum tomorrow.
6. She loves __________ (dance) to her favorite songs.
7. They can't afford __________ (buy) a new car right now.
8. He avoided __________ (answer) the difficult question.
9. I need __________ (study) for the upcoming exam.
10. She prefers __________ (watch) movies at home rather than going to the cinema.
Fill in the blanks in the paragraph below with the appropriate gerund or to-infinitive form of the
verb in parentheses.

I have always been passionate about (1. travel) and (2. explore) new places. Last summer, I had
the opportunity (3. visit) a tropical island. It was a dream come true. I enjoyed (4. spend) my days
swimming in the crystal-clear waters and (5. relax) on the pristine beaches. One evening, my
friends suggested (6. go) on a hiking adventure to a nearby waterfall. We couldn't resist (7. take)
up the challenge. The hike turned out (8. be) more challenging than we expected, but the
breathtaking views made it all worthwhile. I remember (9. reach) the top of the waterfall and (10.
marvel) at the magnificent sight before us. It was an experience I will never forget.

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of "should," "ought to," "must," or "have to."

1. You __________ eat a balanced diet for good health.

2. We __________ leave for the airport now if we want to catch our flight.
3. He __________ apologize for his rude behavior.
4. I __________ study harder if I want to pass the exam.
5. They __________ be more careful when handling fragile items.
6. She __________ call her parents regularly to check on them.
7. Students __________ complete their assignments on time.
8. I __________ pay the bills before the due date.
9. It __________ rain today, so don't forget your umbrella.
10. They __________ arrive early for the meeting.

Exercise:
Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech, maintaining the appropriate tense changes.
The names of the speakers are provided for the direct speech.

Example:
Direct speech: Peter said, "I went swimming yesterday."
Reported speech: Peter said that he had gone swimming the day before.

1. Direct speech: Sarah said, "I am reading a book."

2. Direct speech: John said, "I will travel to Paris next month."
3. Direct speech: Lisa said, "I have been studying Spanish for two years."
4. Direct speech: David said, "I had already finished my work by 6 p.m."
5. Direct speech: Emily said, "I can play the piano."
6. Direct speech: Mark said, "I will be attending the conference next week."
7. Direct speech: Jessica said, "I had visited that museum before."
8. Direct speech: Michael said, "I am going to buy a new car."
9. Direct speech: Rachel said, "I have seen that movie three times."
10. Direct speech: Daniel said, "I will have completed the project by tomorrow."

Certainly! Here's an exercise on reported questions in mixed tenses, with names included for the
direct speech:

Exercise:
Rewrite the following direct questions as reported questions, maintaining the appropriate tense
changes. The names of the speakers are provided for the direct speech.

Example:
Direct speech: Peter asked, "Did you go swimming yesterday?"
Reported speech: Peter asked if I had gone swimming the day before.

1. Direct speech: Sarah asked, "Are you reading a book?"

2. Direct speech: John asked, "Will you travel to Paris next month?"
3. Direct speech: Lisa asked, "Have you been studying Spanish for two years?"
4. Direct speech: David asked, "Had you finished your work by 6 p.m.?"
5. Direct speech: Emily asked, "Can you play the piano?"
6. Direct speech: Mark asked, "Will you be attending the conference next week?"
7. Direct speech: Jessica asked, "Had you visited that museum before?"
8. Direct speech: Michael asked, "Are you going to buy a new car?"
9. Direct speech: Rachel asked, "Have you seen that movie three times?"
10. Direct speech: Daniel asked, "Will you have completed the project by tomorrow?"

Exercise:
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate verb for to complete the paragraph.

1. Sarah __________ (study) for her exams all week. She __________ (review) her notes and
__________ (practice) past papers in preparation.
2. Last night, while I __________ (watch) TV, the power __________ (suddenly go) out. I
__________ (light) some candles and __________ (read) a book until the power came back.
3. Tom and Lisa __________ (travel) around Europe for the past month. They __________ (visit)
Paris, Rome, and Barcelona. Currently, they __________ (explore) Amsterdam.
4. When I walked into the kitchen, my mom __________ (cook) dinner. She __________ (chop)
vegetables and __________ (stir) the sauce on the stove.
5. The children __________ (play) in the garden right now. They __________ (run) around,
__________ (laugh), and __________ (have) a great time.

Answers:
1. The broken window was repaired by them.
2. The exam is being studied for by the students.
3. A new product will be released next month.
4. My wallet has been stolen by someone.
5. New policies have been implemented by the government.
6. The lesson was being explained to the students by the teacher.
7. A charity event is being organized by them.
8. Delicious meals are cooked in the restaurant by the chef.
9. The assignments had been submitted before the deadline by the students.
10. Your car will be fixed by the mechanic tomorrow.
11. Interviews are being conducted for the job position by them.
12. He was awarded the Employee of the Year title by the company.
13. The park is being played in by the children.
14. The hotel room had already been booked by someone.
15. The suspect was arrested by the police.
16. Practice is being done by the team for the upcoming match.
17. The winners will be announced next week.
18. A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.
19. Someone misplaced the documents.
20. A decision has been made by the committee.

Answers:
1. I enjoy reading books in my free time.
2. She admitted making a mistake.
3. They suggested going for a walk in the park.
4. He hates cleaning the dishes after dinner.
5. We decided to visit the museum tomorrow.
6. She loves dancing to her favorite songs.
7. They can't afford to buy a new car right now.
8. He avoided answering the difficult question.
9. I need to study for the upcoming exam.
10. She prefers watching movies at home rather than going to the cinema.

Answers:
1. traveling
2. exploring
3. to visit
4. spending
5. relaxing
6. going
7. taking
8. to be
9. reaching
10. marveling

Answers:
1. should
2. must
3. ought to
4. have to
5. should
6. ought to
7. must
8. have to
9. should
10. ought to

Explanation:
1. "You should eat a balanced diet for good health." - Expressing a recommendation.
2. "We must leave for the airport now if we want to catch our flight." - Expressing a necessity.
3. "He ought to apologize for his rude behavior." - Expressing moral obligation.
4. "I have to study harder if I want to pass the exam." - Expressing an obligation.
5. "They should be more careful when handling fragile items." - Expressing a recommendation.
6. "She ought to call her parents regularly to check on them." - Expressing moral obligation.
7. "Students must complete their assignments on time." - Expressing a requirement.
8. "I have to pay the bills before the due date." - Expressing an obligation.
9. "It should rain today, so don't forget your umbrella." - Expressing an expectation.
10. "They ought to arrive early for the meeting." - Expressing a recommendation.
Answers:
1. Sarah said that she was reading a book.
2. John said that he would travel to Paris the following month.
3. Lisa said that she had been studying Spanish for two years.
4. David said that he had already finished his work by 6 p.m.
5. Emily said that she could play the piano.
6. Mark said that he would be attending the conference the next week.
7. Jessica said that she had visited that museum before.
8. Michael said that he was going to buy a new car.
9. Rachel said that she had seen that movie three times.
10. Daniel said that he would have completed the project by the following day.

Answers:
1. Sarah asked if I was reading a book.
2. John asked if I would travel to Paris the following month.
3. Lisa asked if I had been studying Spanish for two years.
4. David asked if I had finished my work by 6 p.m.
5. Emily asked if I could play the piano.
6. Mark asked if I would be attending the conference the next week.
7. Jessica asked if I had visited that museum before.
8. Michael asked if I was going to buy a new car.
9. Rachel asked if I had seen that movie three times.
10. Daniel asked if I would have completed the project by the following day.

Answers:
1. Sarah has been studying for her exams. She has been reviewing her notes and practicing past
papers in preparation.
2. Last night, while I was watching TV, the power suddenly went out. I lit some candles and read a
book until the power came back.
3. Tom and Lisa have been traveling around Europe for the past month. They have visited Paris,
Rome, and Barcelona. Currently, they are exploring Amsterdam.
4. When I walked into the kitchen, my mom was cooking dinner. She was chopping vegetables
and stirring the sauce on the stove.
5. The children are playing in the garden right now. They are running around, laughing, and
having a great time.