Product presentation CPT tech – Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st 2014

ABB Transformer Components

Because reliability is everything
Vacuum OLTC
© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 1
Overview

 Principles of operation and

types
 Technologies
 Quality Assurance
 Advantages on site
 Conclusion - Advantages

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 2
 Product presentation CPT tech – Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st 2014

ABB Vacuum On-Load Tap Changer

Principles of Operation and Types

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 3
Introduction to voltage regulation

The purpose of the tap-changer is to change the turn ratio

between windings in a transformer
 Regulation range is typically up to ± 20 % of the line
voltage in 9 to 35 steps
 Operated 10 to 20 times a day in normal grid applications

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 4
Introduction to voltage regulation

1ZSC000717-AAT

Tap-changers can be located in the main transformer tank, or

on the outside
 In-tank types can be used up to the largest transformers
and highest voltages
 On-tank types can be used for lower voltages

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 5
Over 100 years of experience

year
1900 1930 1960 1990
First ASEA patent on
vacuum technology

Traditional technology
© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 6
Diverter switch tap-changers
Principle of operation

Diverter switch: Switching device used in

conjunction with a tap-selector to carry,
make or break currents in circuits which
have already been selected

Tap selector: Device designed to carry,

but not make or break, current, used in
conjunction with a diverter switch to select
tap connections
Change-over selector: Device designed to
carry, but not to make or break, current,
used in conjunction with the tap selector
switch to enable its contacts and the
connection taps to be used more than once
when moving from one extreme position to
the other

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 7
Tap-changer types
Four main product families

Type UZ Type (V)UB Type (V)UC Type VRLTC

 On-tank and in-tank

 BIL level up to 1050 kV
 Through current up to 1600 A in star connected applications for
resistive and up to 2500 A for reactance type.
 Unsurpassed reference list in challenging applications, e.g. HVDC
and Ultra High Voltage systems (800 kV AC and DC)

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 8
Tap-changer types
Portfolio overview
Conventional Portfolio

Sel. III/F

Sel. IV/F
Sel. III/F

Sel. III/F
Sel. C
On-tank In-tank

Product name UZF UZE UBB UCG short UCG UCG UCL UCD UCC
Max voltage¹ (kV) 145 145 72.5 245 245 245 245 245 245
Max BIL (kV) 650 650 350 1050 1050 1050 1050 1050 1050
Max Current (A) 4 600 600 500 600 600 600 900 1000 1600

Selec. III/F

Selec. III/F
Selec. C
Vacuum Portfolio

¹ For D-connection. Y-
connections is restricted by
Reactance Resistive
insulation of neutral point to
earth
On-tank In-tank
2 1000 A until Sel. F is
VRLTC
5 VUBB3 VUCG short VUCG VUCG VUCL2 available during 2013.

72.5 72.5 245 245 245 245

150 380 1050 1050 1050 1050

1500
2500 600 800 800 800 1300

© ABB
5/27/2014 | Slide 9
Selector switch tap-changers
Type VUBB

 Rated through current in

star and delta connections
600 A
 Step voltage up to 1600 V
 BIL levels up to 380 kV
 Up to 19 tap positions

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 10
Diverter switch tap-changers
Type VUCG

 Rated through current in

star connections up to
800 A
 BIL levels up to 1050 kV
 Up to 35 tap positions

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 11
Diverter switch tap-changers
Type
VUCL
 Rated through current in
star connections up to
1000 A*
1ZSC000717-ABV

 BIL levels up to 1050 kV

 Up to 35 tap positions

* Will be increased to 1300 A with tap-selector F,

during 2013

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 12
 Product presentation CPT tech – Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st 2014

ABB Vacuum On-Load Tap Changer

Technologies

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 13
Tap-changers types
Two main technologies

1ZSC000717-ABX
(Synthetic test
circuit)

Traditional technology, using arc quenching in oil

 UZ, UB and UC
Vacuum technology, using arc quenching in separate interrupters
 VUC and VUB

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 14
Product philosophy

 Longest lifetime by using high class material

 Type tested beyond international standards
 High reliability by using few parts and low complexity
in design
 Easiest maintenance by using open designs
 Easy upgrading to vacuum technology in existing installation

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 15
Diverter switch tap-changers
Tap-selectors

Three tap-selector types

 C, III, IV

 Long-life design based on self-cleaning, sliding contacts

 Type tested for 1,500,000 operations. Experience from the

field shows they can do double

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 16
Vacuum interrupter technology
Vacuum Interrupter

Moving1contact

Metal bellow
2

Ceramic4 insulator
Shield 5
Moving6contact
7
Fixed contact

Safety and
Reliability
Vacuum interrupter technology
Maximal reliability - an absolute requirement

 Exceptionally tested
 Redundancy in the
electrical contact system
 Rotating mechanical
systems minimize wear
 Mechanical synchronization
of the vacuum bottles

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 18
Diverter switch tap-changers
Common features

Extensive service experience

 Tens of thousands units in
service
 Unsurpassed reference list in
challenging applications (HVDC)
Quick and easy maintenance
 Unique, open design,
 No special tools needed
 Shaft outside diverter switch
housing
 Maintenance videos is several
languages
Reliable
 Few parts
 Simple and robust design
 Mechanical lifetime exceeds
1,000,000 operations
Traditional and vacuum technology
 Easy to upgrade in the field

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 19
 Product presentation CPT tech – Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st 2014

On-load tap-changer fundamentals

Quality assurance

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 20
Quality assurance
Type tests, IEC 60214 and IEEE C57.131

1. Temperature rise of contacts

2. Switching tests
 Service duty test
 Breaking capacity test

3. Short-circuit current test

4. Transition impedance test
5. Mechanical tests
6. Dielectric tests

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 21
Quality assurance
Routine tests, IEC 60214

1. Mechanical test
2. Switching sequence test
3. Auxiliary circuit insulation test
4. Pressure and vacuum test
5. Visual inspection

Vacuum tap-changers are subject

to additional testing, these includes
1. Leakage testing of vacuum
interrupters
2. High voltage conditioning of
vacuum interrupters
3. Mechanical conditioning of the
vacuum interrupters

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 22
 Product presentation CPT tech – Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st 2014

ABB Vacuum On-Load Tap Changer

Advantages on site

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 23
Vacuum technology
Field upgrading

1ZSC000717-ABE

 Plug and play solution for all UCG since 1977.

 Upgrade from conventional to vacuum technology in less than
one day
 As easy as a normal overhaul

© ABB Group
Month
May 27,DD,
2014
YYYY
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24 24
Diverter switch tap-changers
Maintenance

 Inspection - made annually

with transformer in service
 Overhaul - transformer out
of service and OLTC
drained
 Time based and
operation based for
tradition technology
 Only operation based
for vacuum technology

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 25
 Product presentation CPT tech – Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st 2014

ABB Vacuum On-Load Tap Changer

Conclusion

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 26
Vacuum technology
Benefits

 Less maintenance and lower life

cycle costs
 300 000 operations between
maintenance
 Radical reduction in contact
wear
 Reduced downtime and cleaner
maintenance environment
 Reduced sensitivity to moisture in the
tap-changer oil
 Switching characteristics is
independent on status of the
insulating oil
 Qualified for use with bio-degradable
fluids (VUCG)
 Significantly improved breaking
capacity in demanding applications;
more efficient use in HVDC
© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 27
Questions and Discussions

© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 |
Slide 28
© ABB Group
May 27, 2014 | Slide 29