Name: Abas S. Acmad Assignment: No.

3
Course: MSE-LAWREAT Date: November 16, 2020

FPM 201: Advanced Agricultural Power and Machinery

Instructions:
Compute the total energy cost of the machinery. A 4-wheel tractor, 55 hp Kubota have a
rice service area of 200 hectares and 100 hectares corn service area with 2 cropping per year. The
total weight of the tractor is 2380 kg. The tractor is utilized during land preparation using disc plow
and harrow. Assume specifications of the two implements appropriate for the 55 hp tractor. The
energy values of the tractor are shown below.

Tractor (4-wheel):
Embodied energy
= 2,380 kg @ 11,814 kcal/kg
= 28,117,320 kcal
Fabrication energy
= 0.821 x 2,380 kg @ 3,494 kcal/kg
= 1,953.98 kg @ 3,494 kcal/kg
= 6,827,206.12 kcal
Total embodied and fabrication energy
= 28,117,320 kcal + 6,827,206.12 kcal
= 34,944,526.12 kcal
Replacement parts and materials over reliable life
= 34,944,526.12 kcal x TAR @ 74.25% x 0.333
= 8,640,121.444 kcal
Total embodied and fabrication energy adjusted to reliable life
= 34,944,526.12 kcal x 0.82
= 28,654,511.32 kcal

Total embodied, fabrication, and repair part energy

= 28,654,511.32 kcal + 8,640,121.444 kcal
= 37,294,632.76 kcal
 The assume specification of the two implements applicable to 55 hp 4-wheel tractor are
the following:

Disc Plow
Parts Measurements
Weight 410 kg
No. of Disc 3
Working width 750 mm
Dimension (l*w*h) standard
Working depth 230 mm
Disc diameter 410 mm
Tire N/A

Disc Harrow:
Parts Measurements
Weight 340 kg
No. of Disc 22
Working width 1800 mm
Dimension (l*w*h) standard
Working depth 200 mm
Disc diameter 558.8 mm
Tire N/A

The energy values of the two implements are shown below.

Disc Plow: Embodied energy

Total weight = 410 kg
410 kg of steel @ 15,000 kcal/kg
= 6,150,000 kcal
Fabrication energy
= 410 kg @ 2,601 kcal/kg
= 1,066,410 kcal
Total embodied and fabrication energy
= 6,150,000 kcal + 1,066,410 kcal
= 7,216,410 kcal
Replacement parts and materials over reliable life
= 7,216,410 kcal x TAR @ 92.58% x 0.333
= 2,224,757.142 kcal
 Total embodied and fabrication energy adjusted to reliable life
= 2,224,757.142 kcal x 0.82
= 1,824,300.856 kcal
Total embodied, fabrication, and repair part energy
= 1,824,300.856 kcal + 2,224,757.142 kcal
= 4,049,057.998 kcal

Disc Harrow: Embodied energy

Total weight = 340 kg
340 kg of steel @ 15,000 kcal/kg
= 5,100,000 kcal
Fabrication energy
= 340 kg @ 1,995 kcal/kg
= 678,300 kcal
Total embodied and fabrication energy
= 5,100,000 kcal + 678,300 kcal
= 5,778,300 kcal
Replacement parts and materials over reliable life
= 5,778,300 kcal x TAR @ 92.58% x 0.333
= 1,781,400.197 kcal
Total embodied and fabrication energy adjusted to reliable life
= 1,781,400.197 kcal x 0.82
= 1,460,748.161 kcal
Total embodied, fabrication, and repair part energy
= 1,781,400.197 kcal + 1,460,748.161 kcal
= 3,242,148.358 kcal

Combining the energy of tractor and the two implements listed above:

Tractor (4-wheel):
Life of 12 years working 300 hectares (200 ha for rice and 100 ha for corn) annually with 2
cropping’s for rice and corn per year.

For Rice:
37,294,632.76 kcal
=
12 years
 3,107,886.063 kcal/year
= 200ℎ𝑎 2 croppings
( )( )
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
= 7,769.72 kcal per service area

For Corn:
37,294,632.76 kcal
=
12 years
3,107,886.063 kcal/year
= 100ℎ𝑎 2 croppings
( )( )
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
= 15,539.43 kcal per service area

Tractor (4-wheel): 7,769.72 kcal + 15,539.43 kcal = 23,309.15 kcal per service area

Disc plow:
Life of 10 years working 300 hectares (200 ha for rice and 100 ha for corn) annually with 2
croppings for rice and corn per year.

For Rice:
4,049,057.998 kcal
=
10 years
404,905.7998 kcal/year
200ℎ𝑎 2 croppings =
( )( )
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
= 1,012.2645 kcal per service area
For Corn:
4,049,057.998 kcal
=
10 years
404,905.7998 kcal/year
= 100ℎ𝑎 2 croppings
( )( )
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
= 506.1322 kcal per service area

Disc Plow: 1,012.2645 kcal + 506.1322 kcal = 1,518.3967 kcal per service area

Disc Harrow:
Life of 10 years working 300 hectares (200 ha for rice and 100 ha for corn) annually with 2
cropping’s for rice and corn per year.

For Rice:
3,242,148.358 kcal
=
10 years
 324,214.8358 kcal/year
= 200ℎ𝑎 2 croppings
( )( )
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
= 810.5371 kcal per service area
For Corn:
3,242,148.358 kcal
= 10 years
324,214.8358 kcal/year
= 100ℎ𝑎 2 croppings
( )( )
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

= 405.2685 kcal per service area

Disc Harrow: 810.5371 kcal + 405.2685 kcal = 1,215.8056 kcal per service area

Therefore,
23,309.15 kcal + 1,518.3967 kcal + 1,215.8056 kcal = 26,043.3523 kcal is the annual
machinery energy cost of the 4-wheel tractor and its complements which are disc plow and
harrow. This is also given the life and area worked for each machine and the two implements.

References:

Doering III, Otto C. Accounting for energy in farm machinery and buildings

Doering III, O.C., Considine, T.J., Harling, C.E. Accounting for Tillage Equipment and Other

Machinery in Agricultural Energy Analysis.

PAES 120: 2001. Agricultural Machinery – Disc Harrow – Specifications

PAES 121: 2001. Agricultural Machinery – Disc Plow – Specifications