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c. When the mean are different and the standard deviations also different (µ1≠ µ2 ; ơ1
ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE.LEADERSHIP POTENTIAL. CHRISTIAN VALUES ≠ ơ2 ), The curves is centered at different points and vary in shapes
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The normal curve is also described through the equation written below

Statistics and Probability (−1 /2 )(

X− µ
2
)
2
2nd Semester – Week 5 e
Y=
ơ √ 2π
TOPIC: Understanding Normal Curve Distribution
where: Y = height of the curve particular values of random variables
Normal Probability Distribution is a probability distribution of a continuous random X = any values of the random variables
variables. It shows graphical representations of random variables obtained through µ = population mean
measurement like the height and weight of the students, the percentile ranks of the ơ = standard deviation
A&E (Accreditation and Equivalency Test result of the ALS students or any data with π = 3.1416
the values of interval scale of real numbers. It is also used to describe the
e = 2.7183
characteristics of populations and making inferences.
When the normal probability distribution has a mean µ = 0 and standard deviation
ơ = 1, it is called as standard normal distribution.
This graphical representation is popularly known as a normal curve. Normal curve is
described clearly by the following properties
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A STANDARD NORMAL CURVE.
In constructing, a normal curve always remember its properties. Check the following
Properties of Normal Curve
pointers if present.
1. The normal curve is like a bell-shaped
1. It should be a bell-shaped and symmetric about its center
2. The peak of a normal curve is at the center where the three measures of
2. Both side of the tails of a normal curve should not touch the horizontal
central tendency such as mean, mode, and median are equal to each other.
axis
3. About its mean 0, the normal curve is symmetrical to the center.
3. In the horizontal axis, use 0 at the center where the mean is located and
4. The tails are plotted on both directions of normal curve and it is asymptotic
use 1, 2, and 3 to the right and -1, -2 and -3 to the left. But still remember
with the horizontal axis. Asymptote means a graph is approaching to the
there is an integral parts between each number However, it is not limited
specific line but it will never touching it.
to the -3 and 3 , it is extended indefinitely
5. The total area of normal curve is 1.
4. The distance of number in the horizontal line or the x-axis should always
proportion.
The shape of a normal curve is based on the two given parameters, the mean and the
Refer to the figure below for the illustrative explanation of the pointers to remember
standard deviations of the distributions. The following are the three situations of a
on constructing standard normal curve.
normal curve based on the said parameters

a. When the mean are not equal but the standard deviation are equal. (µ1 ≠ µ2 ; ơ1 =ơ2
), the curves have the similar shape but centered at different points.

b. When the mean are not equal but the standard deviation are equal. (µ1 = µ2 ; ơ1 ≠ ơ2
), The curves is centered at same point but they have different height and spreads.
 Illustrative Example 1:
The score of the Senior High School students in their Statistics and Probability
quarterly examination are normally distributed with a mean of 35 and standard
deviation of 5.

Answer the following questions:

a. What percent will fall within the score 30 to 40?
b. What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?

Solution:
Draw a standard normal curve and plot the mean at the center. Then, add three
times the given standard deviation to the right of the mean and subtract 3 times to the
left. The illustration is provided below:
EMPIRICAL RULE

Answer:
a. The scores 30 to 40 falls within the first standard deviation of the mean.
The above diagram shows the representation of 68% - 95% - 99.7% rule. The 68% Therefore, it is approximately 68% of the distribution
-95% - 99.7% rule is better known as empirical rule. This rule states that the data in b. Since 95% lies within the 2 standard deviation of the mean, then the
the distribution lies within the 1, 2, and 3 of the standard deviation of the mean. corresponding scores of this distribution are from 25 up to 45.
Specifically, the above diagram tells the estimation of the following percentage:
 68% of data lies within the 1 standard deviation of the mean.
Illustrative Example 2:
 95% of data lies within the 2 standard deviation of the mean.
The district nurse of Candelaria East needs to measure the BMI (Body Mass Index) of
99.7% of data lies within the 3 standard deviation of the mean.
the ALS students. She found out that the heights of male students are normally
distributed with a mean of 160 cm and a standard deviation of 7 cm. Find the
percentage of male students whose height is within 153 to 174.
 EVALUATION:
(Note: Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper. Write your FULL
NAME and SECTION at the top of the paper. Use an individual sheet of paper
per subject.)

A. True or False. Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE, if the
statement is incorrect
_______1. The total area of the normal curve is 1
_______2. Normal probability distribution is used to determine the probabilities of a
discrete random variable
_______3. The mean, median and mode have the same value.
_______4. The distance of the number in the horizontal line or the x-axis should
always proportion.
_______5. The normal probability distribution has a mean µ = 1 and standard
deviation ơ = 0, it is called as standard normal distribution.

B. Read the following problems carefully. Use empirical rule to answer each
Solution:
The mean of this problem is 160, it is subtracted by 7 to the left (e.g. 160 -7 = 153; question.
153-7 = 146; 146 – 7 = 139) and add 7 to the right.
(e.g. 160 + 7 = 167; 167 + 7 = 174 + 7 = 181) 1. IQ scores of the ALS students in the Division of Quezon are normally
As stated in the above diagram, 153 falls at 1 standard deviation of the distributed with a mean of 110 and a standard deviation of 10. What percent of
mean the distribution falls within the IQ scores of 100 to 130?
to the left of the center and the height of 174 falls at 2 standard deviation of
the
2. A normal distribution of data with the mean of 78 and standard deviation of 9.
mean to the right. Therefore, it covers the whole 68% and 13.5%. of the
What percentage of the data would measure 87?
distribution and the sum of it is 81.5%

Answer:
The height 153 to 174 lies on the 81.5% of the distribution