Over Voltage and Reverse Voltage Protection Circuit

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February 10, 2020

When we apply Reverse voltage or over voltage to the electronic appliances or electronic
components then the result will be damage or burst. To avoid this situation simple Over
Voltage and Reverse Voltage Protection Circuit is designed by using few easily available
components.

We can use simple single diode for reverse voltage protection to the circuit but when the
over voltage or surge spike comes then the load device will get affected. Here Mosfet and
Zener diode used as protecting elements.

Circuit Diagram

Components Required
1. MOSFET P-Channel FQP47P06
2. Zener Diode 9V
3. Resistor 100KΩ

Circuit Construction & Working

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This circuit constructed by using only three elements, First one is P-Channel MOSFET
FQP47P06, it is connected between power source and target load and biasing Resistor
R1, Zener diode is connected between MOSFET Source and Gate terminal to provide
Voltage Regulation at output.

MOSFET FQP47P06

This mosfet can control voltage over 60 Volt, It has three terminals called Gate, Drain
and Source. It has high avalanche energy strength (required for reverse voltage
protection) and high speed switching character.

When we apply supply to target load at right polarity and voltage then this mosfet allows
voltage supply to load and zener diode just acts as forward biased diode. When reverse
voltage occurs then MOSFET p-channel holes will flow towards negative supply and
creates barrier between Drain and source terminal hence there is no supply flow to the
load. If the right polarity supply applied but the voltage increases beyond 9V then zener
breakdown occurs in zener diode and regulates the voltage to 9V and allows to the target
load.

When we use single PN junction diode as reverse voltage protector then high reverse
voltage or high forward current will burst the diode. For sensitive target load this simple
Over Voltage and Reverse Voltage Protection Circuit using mosfet will be the right
choice.

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