Percentage yield pg.

68(RG)
% yield = Actual yield × 100%
Theoretical yield
Q/ When 10g of MgO reacts with sulphuric acid, 45g of
MgSO4.7H2O is obtained. Calculate the % yield of the
product.
MgO + H2SO4 ------------> MgSO4 + H2O

MgSO4.7 H2O
Ar of Mg=24, S=32, O=16, H=1
73%
Q/ 0.475 g of CH3Br reacts with excess of NaOH,0.153 g
of CH3OH is produced. Pg. 69 (R.G)
CH3Br + NaOH -----------> CH3OH + NaBr
Calculate the% yield of reaction.
Ar of Br=79.9, C=12, H=1

% yield = Actual yield × 100%

Theoretical yield
1
 Atom economy pg.69 (RG)
% atom economy = Mr of desired product × 100%
Sum of Mr of all products

Calculate the % atom economy for the above reaction.

Ar Na=23, Br=79.9, C=12, O=16, H=1

Mr(CH3OH) × 100%
Mr(CH3OH) + Mr (NaBr) 23.7%

Addition reactions have 100% atom economy. Because in

this reaction, the reactants combine to form a single
product and no atoms wasted.
CH2=CH2 + H2-------------> CH3-CH3

# The only product is ethane, the desired product. So,

none of the reactant atoms are wasted.

2
# Substitution reactions have lower atom economy than
addition reactions.

Q/ Predict the atom economy of the following reaction.

Give your reason.
CH2=CH2 + Br2-------------> BrCH2-CH2Br
The % atom economy is 100% as there is only one
desired product and none of the reactant atoms are
wasted.