A LEVEL (P3)

ITERATION

MARK SCHEME
 MARKING SCHEMES 1 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

1 2
2 (i) Obtain area of ONB in terms of r and α e.g. r cosα sinα B1
2
1 1 
Equate area of triangle in terms of r and α to  r 2α  or equivalent M1
22 
Obtain given form, sin 2α = α, correctly A1 3
[Allow use of OA and/or OB for r.]

(ii) Make recognisable sketch in one diagram over the given range of two suitable
graphs, e.g. y = sin 2x and y = x B1
State or imply link between intersections and roots and justify the given answer B1 2
[Allow a single graph and its intersection with y = 0 to earn full marks.]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 0.95 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify its accuracy to 2d.p., or show there is a sign
change in (0.945, 0.955) A1 3
[SR: Allow the M mark if calculations are attempted in degree mode.]

3 (i) Consider sign of x 3 − x − 3 , or equivalent M1

Justify the given statement A1 [2]

(ii) Apply an iterative formula correctly at least once, with initial value x1 = 1.5 M1
Show that (A) fails to converge A1
Show that (B) converges A1
Obtain final answer 1.67 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change in the
interval (1.665, 1.675) A1 [5]
 MARKING SCHEMES 2 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

7 (i) Make a recognisable sketch of an appropriate graph, e.g. y = ln x B1

Sketch an appropriate second graph, e.g. y = 2 –x, correctly and justify the given statement B1 [2]

(ii) Consider sign of 2 –x –ln x when x = 1.4 and x = 1.7, or equivalent M1

Complete the argument with correct calculations A1 [2]

(iii) Rearrange the equation x = 13 (4 + x − 2ln x) as 2 –x = ln x, or vice versa B1 [1]

(iv) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.56 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change in
the interval (1.555, 1.565) A1 [3]
 MARKING SCHEMES 3 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

1 1
x x
8 (i) Integrate by parts and reach kxe 2 − k e 2 dx ∫ M1
1 1
x x
∫
Obtain 2xe 2 − 2 e 2 dx A1
1 1
x x
Complete the integration, obtaining 2xe 2 − 4e 2 , or equivalent A1
Substitute limits correctly and equate result to 6, having integrated twice M1
− 12 a
Rearrange and obtain a = e +2 A1 [5]

−1 x
(ii) Make recognizable sketch of a relevant exponential graph, e.g. y = e 2 + 2 B1
Sketch a second relevant straight line graph, e.g. y = x, or curve, and indicate the root B1 [2]

−1 x
(iii) Consider sign of x − e 2 − 2 at x = 2 and x = 2.5, or equivalent M1
Justify the given statement with correct calculations and argument A1 [2]

−1 x
(iv) Use the iterative formula x n +1 = 2 + e 2 n correctly at least once, with 2 ≤ x n ≤ 2.5 M1
Obtain final answer 2.31 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign
change in the interval (2.305, 2.315) A1 [3]

9 (i) Compare signs of x3 – 2x – 2 when x = 1 and x = 2, or equivalent M1

Complete the argument with correct calculations A1 2

(ii) State or imply the equation x = (2x3 + 2) / (3x2 – 2) B1

Rearrange this in the form x 3 – 2x – 2 = 0, or work vice versa B1 2

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once with xn > 0 M1
Obtain final answer 1.77 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p.,
or show there is a sign change
In the interval (1.765, 1.775) A1 3

10 (i) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

State final answer 2.78 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show there
is a sign change in an appropriate function in (2.775, 2.785) A1 [3]

3 15
(ii) State a suitable equation, e.g. x = x+ 3 B1
4 x
4
State that the exact value of α is 60 , or equivalent B1 [2]

11 (i) Using the formulae 12 r 2θ and 12 r 2 sinθ , or equivalent, form an equation M1

Obtain a correct equation in r and x and/or x/2 in any form A1
Obtain the given equation correctly A1 [3]

(ii) Consider the sign of x − ( 34 π − sin x) at x = 1.3 and x = 1.5, or equivalent M1

Complete the argument with correct calculations A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.38 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show
there is a sign change in the interval (1.375, 1.385) A1 [3]
 MARKING SCHEMES 4 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

12 (i) Use correct quotient or product rule M1

Obtain correct derivative in any form A1
Equate derivative to zero and solve for x M1
Obtain the given answer correctly A1 [4]

(ii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 4.49 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show that
there is a sign change in the interval (4.485, 4.495) A1 [3]

13 (i) Use correct quotient or product rule M1

1 ln x
Obtain correct derivative in any form, e.g. − A1
x(x +1) (x +1) 2
Equate derivative to zero and obtain the given equation correctly A1
(x +1)
Consider the sign of x − at x = 3 and x = 4, or equivalent M1
ln x
Complete the argument with correct calculated values A1 [5]

(ii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once, using or reaching a value in the interval (3, 4) M1
Obtain final answer 3.59 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p.,
or show there is a sign change in the interval (3.585, 3.595) A1 [3]

14 (i) Make recognisable sketch of a relevant graph over the given range B1
Sketch the other relevant graph on the same diagram and justify the given statement B1 [2]

(ii) Consider sign of 4x2 – 1 – cot x at x = 0.6 and x = 1, or equivalent M1

Complete the argument correctly with correct calculated values A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 0.73 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show
there is a sign change in the interval (0.725, 0.735) A1 [3]

15 (i) Attempt integration by parts M1

1 x ln x − x ln x 1
x∫
Obtain − x −1 ln x + 2 dx ,
x 2
+2
x 2 ∫
x ∫
dx − 2 2 dx or equivalent A1
−1 −1
Obtain − x ln x − x or equivalent A1
Use limits correctly, equate to 52 and attempt rearrangement to obtain a in terms of ln a M1
Obtain given answer a = 5
3 (1+ ln a ) correctly A1 [5]

(ii) Use valid iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 3.96 A1
Show sufficient iterations to > 4 dp to justify accuracy to 2 dp or show sign change in
interval (3.955, 3.965) A1 [3]
[4 → 3.9772 → 3.9676 → 3.9636 → 3.9619]

( 3 an −1)
SR: Use of an+1 = e 5 to obtain 0.50 also earns 3/3.
 MARKING SCHEMES 5 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

16 (i) State or imply area of segment is 1

2 r2θ – 12 r2 sinθ or 50θ – 50 sinθ B1
1
Attempt to form equation from area of segment = 5 of area of circle, or equivalent M1
Confirm given result θ = 5π
2 + sinθ A1 [3]

(ii) Use iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain value for θ of 2.11 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify value of θ or show sign change in interval
(2.105, 2.115) A1
Use correct trigonometry to find an expression for the length of AB M1
e.g. 20 sin 1.055 or 200 − 200 cos 2.11
Hence 17.4 A1 [5]
[2.1 → 2.1198 → 2.1097 → 2.1149 → 2.1122]

17 (i) State or imply CT = r tan x or OT = r sec x , or equivalent B1

Using correct area formulae, form an equation in r and x M1
Obtain the given answer correctly A1 [3]

(ii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain the final answer 1.35 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p. , or show there is a sign
change in the interval (1.345, 1.355) A1 [3]

18 (i) Make recognisable sketch of a relevant graph over the given range B1
Sketch the other relevant graph and justify the given statement B1 [2]

( )
(ii) Consider the sign of cot x − 1 + x 2 at x = 0.5 and x = 0.8, or equivalent M1
Complete the argument with correct calculated values A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once with 0.5 ≤ x n ≤ 0.8 M1
Obtain final answer 0.62 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign
change in the interval (0.615, 0.625) A1 [3]

19 (i) Make recognisable sketch of a relevant graph over the given interval B1
Sketch the other relevant graph and justify the given statement B1 [2]

(ii) Consider the sign of sec x – (3 – 1

x2) at x = 1 and x = 1.4, or equivalent M1
2
Complete the argument with correct calculated values A1 [2]

(iii) Convert the given equation to sec x = 3 – 1

x2 or work vice versa B1 [1]
2

(iv) Use a correct iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.13 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.13 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change
in the interval (1.125, 1.135) A1 [3]
[SR: Successive evaluation of the iterative function with x = 1, 2, … scores M0.]
 MARKING SCHEMES 6 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

20 (i) Either
Use integration by parts and reach an expression kx2 lnx ± n ∫ x2. 1x dx M1

Obtain 1
2
x2 ln x – ∫ 1
2
x dx or equivalent A1

Obtain 1
2
x2 ln x – 1
4
x2 A1

Or
Use Integration by parts and reach an expression kx(xlnx – x) ± m ∫ xlnx – xdx
M1

Obtain I = (x2 lnx – x2) – I + ∫ xdx A1

Obtain 1
2
x2 ln x – 1
4
x2 A1

Substitute limits correctly and equate to 22, having integrated twice DM1*

87
Rearrange and confirm given equation a = A1 [5]
2ln a −1

(ii) Use iterative process correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 5.86 A1

Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 5.86 or show a sign change in the A1
interval (5.855, 5.865)

(6 → 5.8030 → 5.8795 → 5.8491 → 5.8611 → 5.8564) [3]

21 (i) Use correct identity for tan 2x and obtains at4 + bt3 + ct2 + dt = 0, where b may be zero M1
Obtain correct horizontal equation, e.g. 4t + 5t2 – 5t4 = 0 A1
Obtain kt(t3 + et + f) = 0 or equivalent M1
Confirm given results t = 0 and t = 3 t + 0.8 A1 [4]

(ii) Consider sign of t − 3 t + 0.8 at 1.2 and 1.3 or equivalent M1

Justify the given statement with correct calculations (–0.06 and 0.02) A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once with 1.2 < tn < 1.3 M1
Obtain final answer 1.276 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify answer or show there is a change of sign in interval
(1.2755, 1.2765) A1 [3]

(iv) Evaluate tan–1 (answer from part (iii)) to obtain at least one value M1
Obtain –2.24 and 0.906 A1
State –π, 0 and π B1 [3]
[SR If A0, B0, allow B1 for any 3 roots]
 MARKING SCHEMES 7 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

1 2 1
22 (i) Using the formulae r θ and bh , form an equation an a and θ M1
2 2
Obtain given answer A1 [2]

(ii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain answer θ = 1.32 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.32 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change
in the interval (1.315, 1.325) A1 [3]

23 (i) Use correct product or quotient rule and use chain rule at least once M1
Obtain derivative in any correct form A1
Equate derivative to zero and solve an equation with at least two non-zero terms
for real x M1

Obtain answer x = , or exact equivalent A1 [4]

(ii) State a suitable equation, e.g. α = B1

Rearrange to reach = 4 + 8α2 B1

Obtain = , or work vice versa B1 [3]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.86 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.86 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign
change in the interval (1.855, 1.865) A1 [3]

24 (i) Find y for x = –2 M1

Obtain 0 and conclude that ~== –2 A1 [2]

(ii) Either Find cubic factor by division or inspection or equivalent M1

Obtain x 3 + 2 x − 8 A1
Rearrange to confirm given equation x = 3 8 − 2x A1
Or Derive cubic factor from given equation and form product with (x – ~) M1
(
(x + 2) x 3 + 2 x − 8) A1
Obtain quartic x + 2 x 3 + 2 x 2 − 4 x − 16 ( = 0)
4
A1
Or Derive cubic factor from given equation and divide the quartic by the cubic M1
( ) ( )
x 4 + 2 x 3 + 2 x 2 − 4 x − 16 ÷ x 3 + 2 x − 8 A1
Obtain correct quotient and zero remainder A1 [3]

(iii) Use the given iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.67 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify answer 1.67 to 2 d.p. or show
there is a change of sign in interval (1.665, 1.675) A1 [3]
 MARKING SCHEMES 8 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

25 (i) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 3.6840 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 6 d.p. to justify 3.6840, or show there is a sign
change in the interval (3.68395, 3.68405) A1 [3]

x( x 3 + 100)
(ii) State a suitable equation, e.g. x = B1
2(x 3 + 25)
State that the value of α is 3 50 , or exact equivalent B1 [2]

26 (i) State the correct derivatives 2e2x – 3 and 2/x B1

Equate derivatives and use a law of logarithms on an equation equivalent to ke2x – 3 = m/x M1
Obtain the given result correctly (or work vice versa) A1 [3]

1
(ii) Consider the sign of a − (3 − ln a) when a = 1 and a = 2, or equivalent M1
2
Complete the argument with correct calculated values A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.35 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.35 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change
in the interval (1.345, 1.355) A1 [3]

27 (i) State or imply AB = 2r cosθ or AB 2 = 2r 2 − 2r 2 cos(π − 2θ ) B1

Use correct formula to express the area of sector ABC in terms of r and θ M1
Use correct area formulae to express the area of a segment in terms of r and θ M1
State a correct equation in r and θ in any form A1
Obtain the given answer A1 [5]
[SR: If the complete equation is approached by adding two sectors to the shaded
area above BO and OC give the first M1 as on the scheme, and the second M1
for using correct area formulae for a triangle AOB or AOC, and a sector AOB
or AOC.]

(ii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 0.95 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 0.95 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign
change in the interval (0.945, 0.955) A1 [3]

1 1
− x − x
28 (i) Use integration by parts to obtain axe 2 + ∫ be 2 dx M1*
1 1
− x − x
Obtain − 8 xe 2
∫
+ 8e 2 dx or unsimplified equivalent A1
1 1
− x − x
Obtain − 8xe 2 −16e 2 A1
Use limits correctly and equate to 9 M1(d*M)
 8 p + 16 
Obtain given answer p = 2 ln  correctly A1 [5]
 7 
 MARKING SCHEMES 9 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

(ii) Use correct iteration formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 3.77 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 5sf or better to justify accuracy 3.77 or show sign change in
interval (3.765, 3.775) A1 [3]
[ 3.5 → 3.6766 → 3.7398 → 3.7619 → 3.7696 → 3.7723 ]

29 (i) Sketch y = cosec x for at least 0 , x , π B1

Sketch y = x(π – x) for at least 0 , x , π B1
1 2
Justify statement concerning two roots, with evidence of 1 and π for y-values
4
on graph via scales B1 [3]

1
(ii) Use cosecx = and commence rearrangement M1
sin x
Obtain given equation correctly, showing sufficient detail A1 [2]

(iii) (a) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 0.66 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 decimal places to justify answer or show a
sign change in the interval (0.655, 0.665) A1 [3]

(b) Obtain 2.48 B1 [1]

30 (i) Use correct arc formula and form an equation in r and x M1

Obtain a correct equation in any form A1
Rearrange in the given form A1 3

(ii) Consider sign of a relevant expression at x = 1 and x = 1.5, or compare values of relevant
expressions at x = 1 and x =1.5 M1
Complete the argument correctly with correct calculated values A1 2

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.21 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.21 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change
in the interval (1.205,1.215) A1 3

31 (i) Consider sign of x −10 /(e 2 x −1) at x = 1 and x = 2 M1

Complete the argument correctly with correct calculated values A1 2

(ii) State or imply α = 12 ln(1+10 /α ) B1

Rearrange this as α = 10 /(e 2α − 1) or work vice versa B1 2

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.14 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.14 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change
in the interval (1.135, 1.145) A1 3
 MARKING SCHEMES 10 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

1
x ∫
32 (i) Integrate and reach bxln2x − c x. dx , or equivalent M1*

1
Obtain xln2 x − ∫ x. dx , or equivalent A1
x
Obtain integral xln2 x − x , or equivalent A1
Substitute limits correctly and equate to 1, having integrated twice M1(dep*)
Obtain a correct equation in any form, e.g. aln2a − a +1 − ln2 = 1 A1
Obtain the given answer A1 [6]

(ii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.94 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.94 to 2d.p. or show that there is a sign
change in the interval (1.935, 1.945). A1 [3]

33 (i) Sketch increasing curve with correct curvature passing through origin, for x ≥ 0 B1
Recognisable sketch of y = 40 − x 3 , with equation stated, for x > 0 B1
Indicate in some way the one intersection, dependent on both curves being roughly
correct and both existing for some x < 0 B1 [3]

(ii) Consider signs of x 3 + ln (x + 1) − 40 at 3 and 4 or equivalent or compare values of

relevant expressions for x = 3 and x = 4 M1
Complete argument correctly with correct calculations (–11.6 and 25.6) A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 3.377 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify accuracy to 3 d.p. or show sign change in interval
(3.3765, 3.3775) A1 [3]

(iv) Attempt value of ln (x + 1) M1

Obtain 1.48 A1 [2]

dx 2 dy
34 (i) Obtain = and = 3t 2 + 2 B1
dt t + 2 dt
dy dy dx
Use = ÷ M1
dx dt dt
dy 1
Obtain = (3t 2 + 2)(t + 2) A1
dx 2
Identify value of t at the origin as –1 B1
5
Substitute to obtain as gradient at the origin A1 [5]
2

1 1
(ii) (a) Equate derivative to and confirm p = −2
2
B1 [1]
2 3p + 2
(b) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1
Obtain value p = −1.924 or better (–1.92367…) A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify accuracy or show a sign change in
appropriate interval A1
Obtain coordinates (–5.15, –7.97) A1 [4]
 MARKING SCHEMES 11 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

35 (i) State or imply AT = r tan x or BT = r tan x B1

Use correct arc formula and form an equation in r and x M1
Rearrange in the given form A1 [3]

(ii) Calculate values of a relevant expression or expressions at x = 1 and x = 1.3 M1

Complete the argument correctly with correct calculated values A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.11 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify 1.11 to 2 d.p., or show there is a sign change in
the interval (1.105, 1.115) A1 [3]

36 ∫
(i) Integrate and reach ± x sin x m sin x dx M1*
Obtain integral xsin x + cos x A1
Substitute limits correctly, must be seen since AG, and equate result to 0.5 M1(dep*)
Obtain the given form of the equation A1 4

(ii) EITHER: Consider the sign of a relevant expression at a = 1 and at another relevant value,
π
e.g. a = 1.5 Y M1
2
OR: Using limits correctly, consider the sign of [x sin x + cos x ]0a − 0.5 , or compare
the value of [x sin x + cos x ]0a with 0.5, for a =1 AND for another relevant value,
π
e.g a = 1.5 Y . M1
2
Complete the argument, so change of sign, or above and below stated, both with correct
calculated values A1 2

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 1.2461 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 6 d.p. to justify 1.2461 to 4 d.p., or show there is a sign change
in the interval (1.24605, 1.24615) A1 3

38 (i) State derivative 1 - 2 , or equivalent B1

x x2
Equate 2-term derivative to zero and attempt to solve for x M1
Obtain coordinates of stationary point (2, ln 2 +1), or equivalent A1+A1
Determine by any method that it is a minimum point,
with no incorrect work seen A1
[5]
 MARKING SCHEMES 12 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

2
(ii) State or imply the equation a = B1
3 - ln a
2
Rearrange this as 3 = ln a + (or vice versa) B1
a
[2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 0.56 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show
there is a sign change in the interval (0.555, 0.565) A1

39 (i) Make recognizable sketch of y = sec x or y = 3 − x 2 , for 0 < x < 12 π B1

Sketch the other graph correctly and justify the given statement B1

[2]

[Award B1 for a sketch with positive y-intercept and correct concavity. A correct sketch of y = cos x can
only earn B1 in the presence of 1/(3 − x 2 ) . Allow a correct single graph and its intersection with y = 0
to earn full marks.]

(ii) State or imply equation α = cos -1 (1/(3 − α 2 )) or cos α = 1/(3 − α 2 ) B1

2
Rearrange this in the form given in part (i) i.e. sec α = 3 − α B1

[2]
[Or work vice versa.]

(iii) Use the iterative formula with 0 ≤ x1 ≤ 2 M1

Obtain final answer 1.03 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify its accuracy to 2d.p. or show there is a sign
change in the interval (1.025, 1.035) A1

[3]

40 (i) Evaluate cubic when x = −1 and x = 0 M1

Justify given statement correctly A1 2
[If calculations are not given but justification uses correct statements about signs, award B1.]

2x3 − 1
(ii) State x = , or equivalent B1
3x 2 + 1
Rearrange this in the form x 3 + x + 1 = 0 (or vice versa) B1 2

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer −0.68 A1
Show sufficient iterations to justify its accuracy to 2d.p., or show there is a sign change in the
interval (−0.685, −0.675) A1 3
 MARKING SCHEMES 13 TOPIC 12: ITERATION

41 (i) State or imply r = a cosec x, or equivalent B1

Using perimeters, obtain a correct equation in x, e.g. 2a cosec x + ax cosec x = 4a,
or 2r + rx = 4a B1
Deduce the given form of equation correctly B1 [3]

(ii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 0.76 A1
Show sufficient iterations to 4 d.p. to justify its accuracy to 2 d.p., or show that there
is a sign change in the value of sin x − 14 (2 + x ) in the interval (0.755, 0.765) A1 [3]

42 (i) Evaluate, or consider the sign of, x 3 − x 2 − 6 for two integer values of x, or equivalent M1
Obtain the pair x = 2 and x = 3, with no errors seen A1 [2]

(ii) State a suitable equation, e.g. x = (x + (6 / x)) B1

3 2
Rearrange this as x − x − 6 = 0 , or work vice versa B1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative formula correctly at least once M1

Obtain final answer 2.219 A1
Show sufficient iterates to 5 d.p. to justify 2.219 to 3 d.p., or show there is a sign change
in the interval (2.2185, 2.2195) A1 [3]

dy y& dy
43 (i) Use = and equate to 4 M1
dx x& dx
4 p3
Obtain = 4 or equivalent A1
2p + 3
Confirm given result p = 3 2 p + 3 correctly A1 [3]

(ii) Evaluate p − 3 2 p + 3 or p 3 − 2 p − 3 or equivalent at 1.8 and 2.0 M1

Justify result with correct calculations and argument
(–0.076 and 0.087 or –0.77 and 1 respectively) A1 [2]

(iii) Use the iterative process correctly at least once with 1.8 ⩽ pn ⩽ 2.0 M1
Obtain final answer 1.89 A1
Show sufficient iterations to at least 4 d.p. to justify 1.89 or show sign change in
interval (1.885, 1.895) A1 [3]