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Magnetically Coupled Ch13
Magnetically Coupled Ch13
Magnetically Coupled
Circuits
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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13.1 What is a transformer? (1)
• It is an electrical device designed on the
basis of the concept of magnetic coupling
• It uses magnetically coupled coils to
transfer energy from one circuit to another
• It is the key circuit elements for stepping
up or stepping down ac voltages or
currents, impedance matching, isolation,
etc.
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13.2 Mutual Inductance (1)
• It is the ability of one inductor to induce a voltage across a
neighboring inductor, measured in henrys (H).
di1 di2
v2 M 21 v1 M 12
dt dt
L L1 L2 2 M L L1 L2 2 M
(series - aiding connection) (series - opposing connection)
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13.2 Mutual Inductance (4)
Time-domain
analysis of a circuit
containing coupled
coils.
Frequency-domain
analysis of a circuit
containing coupled
coils
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13.2 Mutual Inductance (5)
Example 1
M k L1 L2
1 2 1 2
w L1i1 L2i2 MI1I 2
2 2 8
13.3 Energy in a Coupled Circuit (2)
Example 2
Consider the circuit below. Determine the coupling
coefficient. Calculate the energy stored in the coupled
inductors at time t = 1s if v=60cos(4t +30°) V.
V 2M 2
Zin R1 jL1 Z R , Z R is reflected impedance
I1 R2 jL2 Z L
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13.4 Linear Transformer (2)
Example 3
In the circuit below, calculate the input impedance
and current I1. Take Z1=60-j100Ω, Z2=30+j40Ω,
and ZL=80+j60Ω.
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If either of the dots on the windings of the given transformer is
placed on the opposite end of its coil, the sign of the mutual term
will be negative.
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For the circuit shown using T equivalent circuit, Find I1, I2
and Vo.
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Find I1 and I2 . Calculate the power absorbed by the 4-Ω
resistor.
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13.5 Ideal Transformer (1)
• An ideal transformer is a unity-coupled, lossless transformer
in which the primary and secondary coils have infinite self-
inductances.
V2 N 2 I 2 N1 1
n
V1 N1 I1 N 2 n
Calculate:
(a) the turns ratio,
(b) the number of turns on the primary side, and
(c) the current ratings for the primary and secondary
windings.
Ans:
(a) This is a step-down transformer, n=0.05
(b) N1 = 1000 turns
(c) I1 = 4A and I2 = 80A
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13.6 Applications (2)
• Transformer as an Isolation Device to isolate dc
between two amplifier stages.
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13.6 Applications (3)
• Transformer as a Matching Device
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13.6 Applications (4)
Example 5
Ans: n = 0.2
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