Exercise 1- Grammar Awareness

1. IC 7. IC

2. IC 8. DC

3. DC 9. DC

4. IC 10. IC

5. IC 11. DC

6. DC 12. DC

Exercise 2- Paragraph Completion

1. As 7. also 13. Although

2. however 8. because

3. When 9. however

4. then 10. or

5. as 11. when

6. such as 12. and

Exercise 3- Sentence Writing

1. Driving can be dangerous if you are talking on the phone or drunk.

2. Air travel has become less convenient because of the increasing costs, second-class

service, and unpleasant in-flight conditions.

3. High-speed trains have been highly successful in some countries such as China, Spain,

and Japan whereas countries like India, Russia, Denmark, etc., have not been allocated

funding for high-speed trains.

4. Electric vehicles may be the future of personal travel, as a result, causing many to lose

their jobs.

5. The price of oil is expected to increase, thus leading to inflation and reduced economic

growth.

Exercise 7- Clause Combination

1. Internet plagiarism has become an increasing concern for students, so strategies to deter

this latest form of academic misconduct must be developed.

2. Educators must implement proactive approaches in the teaching and prevention of such

behavior, however, they must first re-examine the university’s existing policies on

plagiarism.

3. More students use the internet for research, and therefore the temptation to plagiarize

has greatly increased.

4. Students can refer to any search engines and retrieve a number of websites that offer full

text information ready to be copied.

5. Most universities have established policies to respond to plagiarism, yet some instructors

do not take time to review this material with their students.

6. Plagiarism can occur in any classroom. Meanwhile, it is pertinent that all the instructors

review the existing policy on plagiarism at the beginning of each new term even though

the course they teach is not writing intensive.

7. University policy should first define plagiarism and offer an explanation on the types of

offenses that can be considered forms of academic misconduct.

 8. Most universities webpages include sections that outline the school’s response to

academic misconduct. On the other hand, sites such as University of Michigan

Library’s “Plagiarism” page offers sample lessons and articles on plagiarism.

Exercise 9- Editing

1. (2a)

2. (1b) It is formed by natural emissions of chemicals, but a recent study suggests human

activities can worsen it.

3. (3b) This could even affect weather worldwide causing climate problems.

4. (1d) The natural way of ‘blue haze’ formation is rather inefficient.

5. (2a) A mix of natural and man-made chemicals speeds up the formation of these particles

in the Earth’s atmosphere and there they reflect sunlight back into space.

6. (3c) When you walk through a forest or even a large grassy area, it’s not uncommon to be

able to smell the plants around you.

7. () This dichotomy is expressed in terms of various other oppositions, this separation,

however, is recent.

8. (3a) The issues call for employing the appropriate participation strategy for the situation,

therefore, the following hypothesis is proposed.

9. (1d) These classes can help students meet their academic goals; there are a few caveats to

these positive findings, however.

10. (3a) The government needs wise and honest laws; thus, it needs educated and virtuous

lawmakers.
Exercise 11- Clause Combination

1. Because of the growing popularity of cell phones, land lines are becoming obsolete.

2. Some companies ban Facebook during workday, although they allow employees to use it

at lunchtime.

3. Some experts say that TV is bad for children; however, other researchers have found no

harmful effect.

4. There are many ways to balance online and face-to-face communication, such as turning

off the devices at meal times.

5. Even though students are less productive, they believe that they can multi-task

efficiently.

6. Despite living far away from each other, the internet allows the international students and

their families to keep in touch.

Exercise 12- Editing

1. using, and artificial

2.

3.

4. Although it was once seen as the concern of eco-fringe

5. organic and local food has been

6.

7.

8.
9. But

10. long-term well-being of natural world, rather than exploit it for short-term profit.

11.

12.

13.

14.