30820-Communication Systems

Week 1 – Lecture 1-3

(Ref: Chapter 1 of text book)

INTRODUCTION
 Course Information

• Instructor: Dr. Adnan Zafar (Assistant Professor)

– Office: Room 15, EE Department, Block VI
– Email: adnan.zafar@ist.edu.pk
• Text Book: “Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems”, 4th Edition,
By B. P. Lathi, Zhi Ding
• Program Learning Outcome: The course is designed so that students will
achieve
– Problem Analysis: PLO-02
– Design/Development of Solution: PLO-03
• Course Learning Outcome: Upon successful completion of the course, the
students will be able to
– Apply the concepts of signals and systems to different communication systems
– Analyze different analog and digital transmission schemes
– Design amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) transmitter

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 Assessment

Quizzes (surprise, announced) 20%

Assignments (week 5-7 & week 8-10) 10%
OHT Exams (7 week & 13 Week)
th th 25%
Final Exam (Scheduled Week) 45%

Total 100%

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 Contents

• Communication Systems

• Analog and Digital Messages

• Channel Effect, Signal to Noise Ratio and Capacity

• Modulation and Detection

• Digital Source Coding and Error Correction Coding

• A Brief Historical Review of Modern Telecommunication

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 What’s Communication?

• Communication involves the transfer of information from one point to

another.
• Three basic elements
– Transmitter: converts message into a form suitable for transmission
– Channel: the physical medium, introduces distortion, noise, interference
– Receiver: reconstruct a recognizable form of the message

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 Analog Messages

• Early analog communication

– telephone (1876)
– phonograph (1877)
– film soundtrack (1923, Lee De Forest, Joseph Tykocinski-Tykociner)

• Key to analog communication is the amplifier (1908, Lee De Forest, triode

vacuum tube)

• Broadcast radio (AM, FM) is still analog

• Broadcast television was analog until 2009

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 Digital Messages

• Early long-distance communication was digital

– semaphores, signal flags, smoke signals, bugle calls, telegraph

• Teletypewriters
– Baudot (1874) created 5-unit code for alphabet
– Today baud is a unit meaning one symbol per second
– Working teleprinters were in service by 1924 at 65 words per minute

• Fax machines: Group 3 (voice lines) and Group 4 (ISDN)

– First fax machine was invented by Alexander Bains in 1843
– Pantelegraph (Caselli, 1865) set up telefax between Paris and Lyon

• Ethernet, Internet

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