LPG

Extraction
TK 4036 Teknologi Pemrosesan Gas B

LPG Extraction
Aflareza Syafi Laksono
13018020

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 LPG Extraction

Reference

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 What is LPG?
• Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG), commonly refers to mixture of
propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10).
• LPG is odorless, colorless, and non-toxic. For safety
precautions, a small amount of a pungent gas such as
ethanethiol are added to help people smell and detect gas
leaks.
• There are 3 main sources LPGs are extracted from.
– Natural Gas
– Crude Oil
LPG Extraction

– BioLPG

03
 LPG Application

Fuel Aerosol Propellant Refrigerant

Burns cleaner than Substituting CFC to reduce Substituting CFC to reduce
petrol and diesel damage to the ozone layer damage to the ozone layer
LPG Extraction

04
 LPG Manufacturing
LPG Extraction

Ref. Bahadori, Alireza.2014. Natural Gas Processing. Gulf Professional. 05

 LPG Recovery Processes
1. Recontacting-compression
2. Refrigeration
3. Absorption
4. Adsorption
5. Membrane
6. A combination of above
LPG Extraction

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 Recontacting-Compression
• Normally used for the recovery of LPG from the crude oil fractionator.
• The top product gas stream is compressed, combined with top liquid product,
cooled, and fed to the separator.
• The liquid phase from the separator is passed through the de-ethanizer
• The liquid product of the de-ethanizer is LPG.
• The recovery of LPG by this technique is 75%.
LPG Extraction

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 Mechanical/External Refrigeration
• Simplest and most
direct process for NGL
recovery
• Utilize vapor-
compression
refrigeration cycle.
• Used when sizeable
amount of condensate
are expected.
LPG Extraction

• 90% LPG recovery

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 Self-Refrigeration
• Uses Joule-Thomson
Valve for cooling
(isoenthalpic
expansion).
• Good choice if very
high pressure inlet gas.
• Better recovery than
mechanical
refrigeration.
LPG Extraction

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 Cryogenic Refrigeration
• Uses an expansion
turbine.
• Can only be applied if
the gas pressure after
expansion is high
enough for
condensation of heavier
components.
• High recovery levels,
LPG Extraction

50-90% for ethane,

100% for heavier
components

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 Lean Oil Absorption
• Uses absorbing oil that
has “affinity” for NGL
• Requires circulating
large amount of
absorption oil
• Demands constant
maintenance
• Consumes a lot of fuel
• Recovery:
LPG Extraction

• 99% butane+natural
gasoline
• 65-75% propane
• 15-25% ethane

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 Solid Bed Adsorption
• Uses silica gel, or
activated charcoal.
• Appropriate for low
heavy hydrocarbon or
high pressure.
• Easy to start up and
operate
• High turn down
• Adsorption beds are
LPG Extraction

heavy and expensive

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 Membrane
• Relatively simplier and
lower-cost
• Membrane’s made
from vitreous polymers
• Must be relatively
impermeable to
methane for it to be
effective
LPG Extraction

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LPG Extraction
Thank
You!