TITLE: Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System

TITLE: SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC WATER PUMPING SYSTEM

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 TITLE: Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System

Table of Contents
TITLE: SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC WATER PUMPING SYSTEM............................................1
Abstract............................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................4
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................4
1.2. Statement of the problem..........................................................................................................5
1.3. General Objective.....................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................7
2. LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................................................7
CHAPTER THREE.........................................................................................................................8
METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................8
Components and tools..................................................................................................................8
1. Solar panel............................................................................................................................8
2. Submersible DC solar water pumps:....................................................................................8
3. Arduino microcontroller.......................................................................................................8
4. Water level controller / indicator: -......................................................................................8
5. Win CAPS design software:.................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION AND RECOMENDATION................................................................................10
Reference:......................................................................................................................................11

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 TITLE: Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System

Abstract
Solar photovoltaic water pumping system is one of the most efficient,cost effective and stable
way of water supply system. This project deals with the design and ofa simple and efficient solar
photovoltaic water pumping system for isolatedand small load. Solar Photovoltaic(PV) power
generation system is comprising several elements like solar panel(in our case dc supply), DC-DC
converter and load, these subsystems are designed in Proteus software and DC-DC (Boost)
converter, using micro controller and water level sensors adopting perturbation and observation
method.

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CHAPTER ONE

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
The purpose of this project is to provide a water supply solution to people who are in water
supply scarcity and landowners with information on planning and installing solar-powered water
pumping systems. Because every location has different needs and resources, this project will be a
guide so that it provides the general principles required to make an informed decision on whether
or not a solar pump is right for your operation.

Currently, solar water pumps are used in many countries or regions with abundant sunlight. Solar
pumps have proven to be a cost effective and dependable method for providing water in
situations where water resources are spread over long distances, power lines are few or
nonexistent, and fuel and maintenance costs are considerable.

This is particularly important for animal grazing operations. While there are several possible
methods for supplying water to remote pastures, such as wind, gas/diesel pumps, and ram pumps,
solar-powered water pumps may offer the best option in terms of long-term cost and reduced
labor.

In the relatively rare instances with favorable topography and spring or pond location, ram
pumps or gravity feed may be better options. In flat areas where the water is supplied by a
remote well and where there is limited access to the power grid, solar pumps appear to be the
best option.

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1.2. Statement of the problem

A water pumping system needs a source of power to operate. However, in many rural areas,
water sources are spread over many miles of land and power lines are scarce. Installation of a
new transmission line and a transformer to the location is often prohibitively expensive.

This day, many stand-alone type water pumping systems use internal combustion engines. These
systems are portable and easy to install. However, they have some major disadvantages, such as:
they require frequent site visits for refueling and maintenance, and furthermore diesel fuel is
often expensive and not readily available in rural areas of many developing countries. The
consumption of fossil fuels also has an environmental impact, in particular there lease of carbon
dioxide (Co2) into the atmosphere. Co2 emissions can be greatly reduced through the application
of renewable energy technologies, which are already cost competitive with fossil fuels in many
situations.

After all this trouble, we would like to say this project proposals come up with an ultimate
solution.

N.B The use of renewable energy (solar energy) for water pumping systems is, therefore, a very
attractive proposition.

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1.3. General Objective

The mainline objective of this project work is to – “Design and hardware(2nd phase)
implementation of an isolated Solar PV water pumping system for small scale rating.

1.3.1. Specific objectives

This objective is further divided into following parts for simplicity of implementation.
 To design water level control circuit using microcontroller in Proteus and its
implementation.
 To design and implementation of a DC-DC (Boost) converter using Proteus software.
 To design a solar charge controller in Proteus and its implementation.
 To use different software tools and hardware components that can simplify our
system.

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CHAPTER TWO

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

We have reviewed different projects which have been done in national and international level
and have got supportive ideas for our project.

Most of those materials we dealt with assumes and prefers the manual design and
implementation of the system since they don’t use the ideas of controlling the system and using
different programming software. So, our design approach is more modern type which allows us
to fully control our system and owe a communication device.

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CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY
Components and tools
1. Solar panel
Solar photovoltaic system or solar power system is one of renewable energy system which uses
photovoltaic (PV) modules to convert direct sunlight into electricity. The electricity generated
can be stored or used directly, fed back into grid line or combined with one or more other
electricity generators or more renewable energy source. .

In solar power generation system number of solar cells is required to produce high power
so they are connected in form of Solar Module or Solar panel and for higher capability
form Array

Boost Converter
In a boost converter or regulator output voltage of the converter is greater than input
voltage of the converter circuit that means it boosting the input voltage that’s way its name
is “BOOST” regulator. The boost circuit consist of energy storing element inductor, a
capacitor, a diode, a load and a switching device like Mosfet BJT etc.

2. Submersible DC solar water pumps:

Grundfos SQFlex - Solar Water Pump:

The SQFlex system is truly a flexible and reliable water supply system based on renewable and
alternate energy sources, such as solar, wind turbines, generators and batteries. It is designed for
continuous as well as intermittent operation, and is especially suitable for water supply
applications in remote locations.

3. Arduino microcontroller
The controlling unit for our project is an ARDUINO board. Arduino is a flexible programmable
hardware platform designed for artists, designers, tinkerers, and the makers of things. Arduino’s
little, blue circuit board, mythically taking its name from a local pub in Italy, has in a very short
time motivated a new generation of DIYers of all ages to make all manner of wildprojects found
anywhere from the hallowed grounds of our universities to the scorching desert sands of a
particularly infamous arts festival and just about everywhere in between Central to the Arduino
interface board.

4. Water level controller / indicator: - this article is a about a fully functional water level
controller using Arduino. The water level sensor gives a signal to the control unit and the control

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unit takes a measure to start the motor to pump and fill the tank; the controlling unit
automatically switches the motor OFF when the tank is full

5. Win CAPS design software:

This software is known as Win CAPS ver: 7.84 Renewable energy system tool.

Main inputs to this software tool are:

 continent, country, city where we need to design a system

 Required daily water consumption in m3/day.
 Peak month in water flow requirements.
 Water head: dynamic water level and static water level.

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CONCLUSION AND RECOMENDATION

The project is conducted on solar water pumping system design and its feasibility for village
water supply and livestock watering/agricultural activities.In this study it was observed that the
proper design and implementation of pumping and the energy source (solar system design) will
lead us to solve the water unavailability of any given community. In general photovoltaic pumps
are economic compared to any other pumps because there is no energy or operational cost after
once installed; so, it takes only capital cost. Its advisable technology since it has no
environmentally hazardous outputs. Finally, we would like to recommend the government,
NGO’s and any party who are responsible for a water supply system of any given area; to use
this most efficient method.

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Reference:
 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 www.flygt.com
 UNESCO the UN world water development report, 2003(viewed on www.uesco.org/
water /wwap/wwdr/, Auguest 2005)
 Ethiopian water and energy ministry
 Solar 23 development plc. data sheet

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