SECTION A

Study Passage 1 in the Insert of answer the following questions (1) – (11).

1. Explain how it is that wild animals can get drunk. 

........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................... [2]

2. Find a word or a phrase in the passage that means

Intoxicated 

 Inebriated

A wild drinking spree

 Bender

Someone who cannot hold his or her liquor 

 Lightweight

Increasing according to a fixed ratio

 Scaling up

Lesson 

 Takeaway [5]

3. Why did researchers in 2006 conclude that it was likely that stories of drunken elephants are
false? 

 The researchers in 2006 concluded that the story was likely false because the amount of alcohol
that the elephant required to get intoxicated couldn’t simply be found in the wild as it would
require 27 liters of 7 percent ethanol for the elephants to get drunk . [2]
 4. Explain the evidence that undermines the conclusions of the 2006 researchers. 

 The evidence that undermines the conclusions of the 2006 research is that in that research it
actually compares the drinking ability of the elephants to that of the humans but in turn humans
have higher alcohol tolerance than that of the elephants.[2]

5. What accounts for the ability of humans and other primates to metabolize alcohol much faster
than other mammals? 

 Humans and other primates have a special enzyme which is a shared genetic mutation and it
helps to digest the ethanol forty times quicker than other mammals. This accounts the ability to
metabolize alcohol faster.[3]

6. Explain the significance of Dr. Janiaks’s findings. 

 The significance of Dr. Janiak’s findings is that it proves that all the other mammals do not share
the same trait as humans. It proved that although many animals have the ethanol metabolizing
genes, only 6 animals had that genes comparable to humans and the other animals did not
acquire the same mutation and in some animals, the ethanol metabolizing genes had even lost
all of its functions. [5]

7. Explain why the tree shrew puzzles scientists.

 Tree shrew puzzles scientists because although intaking plenty of nectar having ample amount
of ethanol, the tree shrew doesn’t seem to show any sign of intoxication despite not having any
enzyme producing mutation.. [1]

8. Write sentences using the following words as they are used in the passage:

Copious 

 Copious amount of money was raised in last week’s fund-raising program.

Teasing out

 We had a hard time teasing out the information from the vague analysis report.[2]

9. Suggest a next step in research into the drunken elephant phenomenon and justify your
response.
  The next step in the research, in my opinion, should be about conducting safe experiments with
those elephants in captivity and compare it with the wild elephants because it helps to deepen
the understanding about how differently would the elephants interact with alcohol while in
captivity.[2]

10. Why do you think the writer chose to end the piece with a comment made by a biological
anthropologist, a scientist who studies humans, not animals? 

........................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................[1]

SECTION B

Study Passage 2 in the Insert of answer the following questions (1) – (9).

1. Which feedback comment do each of the following statements most refer to? You may record
the number only.

a. A justification of her tendency not to do what she is asked

 5

b. An understatement about how disastrous her efforts are

 7 [2]

2. On balance, if you were Mr. York, would you offer Dani a seat at your college?

Although Dani is a very enthusiastic person, but with her devil may care attitude her enthusiasm might
do more harm than good. With her inability to follow the given instruction and also due to her twisted
ideas (as seen in her exhibition), I believe it would ruin the reputation of my college. I wouldn’t offer
Dani a seat at my college as she isn’t cut for it. [5]

3. Provide two examples that those who wrote recommendations for Dani see the same behavior
from two different perspectives. 
  The examples are; in point 3 one of the recommenders has a positive insight to Dani’s exhibition
whereas in point 7 the other recommender was a bit harsh on judging her exhibition. The next
example is that how the recommender has pointed out her written work is poor in point 2 but in
point 6 however the other recommender has stated about her improving her written skills
although it is not the best. [4]

4. Suggest phrases that would adequately capture the feelings of Dani and Mr. York

a. Dani (sounding ______________ and scrolling down her phone): Um, yes, Mr. um, er. 

b. Mr. York (sounding  _________________): It’s Mr. York. Surely after all our emails back and
forth, you know that?

c. Dani (very ): Oh, I do, Mr. York. It is just that I am so excited to finally meet you that your
name flew right out of mind. It was on the tip of my tongue and then, zap! It was gone again. I’m
terribly sorry, I really am. 

a. vague

b. Humorously

c. delighted

[3]

5. Find a synonym of the following phrases: 

a. Allow her to do as she wishes 

 Give her head

b. Absorbed in the excitement 

 enthusing effusively

c. A desirable happening that occurs unexpectedly

 ................................................................................................................................................

d. Working really hard 

 Nose to the grindstone [0.5 X 4 = 2]

6. Suggest one additional relevant question that you, as the interviewer, might ask Dani and justify
your response. 
  One question that I might ask Dani is about how she got the inspiration for her last exhibition in
order to get more insight on how she thought something like that could even work out in the
first place. [2]

7. Give one example of Dani’s carelessness in her essays. 

 Dani’s carelessness in her essays is that it is not organized and has a very childish and informal
way of addressing subjecys.[1]

8. Identify two weaknesses of Dani’s interview and two strengths. 

 Two weaknesses of Dani’s interview are as follows

i. Her lack of seriousness towards the interview
ii. Lack of formality during the interview
 Two strengths are:
i. Her enthusiasm towards the interview
ii. Her honestly while talking about her failures [4]

9. Suggest one thing Dani could do better in future college interviews and justify your choice. 

 Dani could pay more attention and be more serious towards the interviewer as she seemed very
irresponsible and informal during her interview with Mr. York. [2]