TO ALL:

Exam
Candidates

SPM 1119
The Last Sprint

A GIFT

just for you

e!!
ar
Sh SINCERELY

CONFIDENTIAL
GENERAL SPM 1119 FORMAT
PAPER 1 ITEM | TEST ITEMS MARKS SUGGESTED TIME

SECTION A DIRECTED WRITING

35 MARKS 45 MINUTES
TYPES
(1 QUESTION)
- ARTICLE

- REPORT
3- FORMAT
- SPEECH
12- CONTENT
- FORMAL LETTER
20 - LANGUAGE
- INFORMAL LETTER

SECTION B CONTINUOUS 50 MARKS 60 MINUTES

WRITING 5 CHOICES

- FACTUAL ( CHOOSE

- ARGUMENTATIVE 1 QUESTION)

- NARRATIVE

- DESCRIPTIVE HOLISTIC

MARKING

PAPER 2 | SECTION ITEM | TEST ITEMS MARKS SUGGESTED TIME

SECTION A GRAPHIC STIMULI

15 MARKS
TYPES 25 MINUTES
NOTICE,GRAPHS,POSTERS,
GRAPHIC
ADVERTS,MESSAGES
STIMULI - 8Qs

RATIONAL CLOZE RATIONAL

TYPES CLOZE -7Qs
ARTICLES, VOCABS,

ADJECTIVES, PRONOUNS,

ETC

SECTION B INFORMATION TRANSFER 10 MARKS 25 MINUTES

NOTICE,GRAPHS,POSTERS,

ADVERTS,MESSAGES, SHORT

ARTICLES ACCURATE

ANSWERS

SECTION C READING COMPREHENSION 10 MARKS 15 MINUTES

- FACTUAL TEXTS

- NARRATIVE TEXTS

DIRECT QUESTIONS

INFERRED (INDIRECT)

QUESTIONS

WORD/PHRASE

MEANING

HOTS QUESTIONS

SUMMARY WRITING 15 MARKS 35 MINUTES

10 - CONTENT

5 - LANGUAGE

POEM 5 MARKS
5 MINUTES
- THE LIVING PHOTOGRAPH
DIRECT QUESTIONS
SECTION D -THE CHARGE OF THE LIGHT
INFERRED (INDIRECT)
BRIGADE
WORD/PHRASE MEANING
- WHAT HAS HAPPENED
HOTS QUESTIONS
TO LULU

- A POISON TREE

NOVEL 15 MARKS 30 MINUTES

- CAPTAIN NOBODY *

THEMES, MORAL VALUES, 10 - CONTENT

EVENTS, CHARACTER & 5 - LANGUAGE

CHARACTERISTICS
 Reading
Comprehension
ANSWERING
TECHNIQUES

SKIM AND SCAN

S Gather rough and main idea of text
Read through questions, summary questions and
SCAN paragraph and gather key ideas

S NARROW AREA OF FOCUS IN QUESTION

Each question has a paragraph indicated
SCOPE Narrow area of focus to search for answers

IDENTIFY KEYWORDS
K Underline important keywords asked in the
question
KEYWORD
Search for this keyword in the given scope

SEARCH FOR THE ACCURATE ANSWER

A Answer <----Keyword-----> Answer
Answers are usually found before or after the
ANSWER keyword

CHECK
C Double check if proper grammatical structures
are uses
CHECK
Check if correct pronouns as use I---> He/She
 SAMPLE QUESTIONS
HPARGARAP

ENIL
EXAM TIPS
READING COMPREHENSION
SKIM AND SCAN THE GENERAL IDEA OF THE TE XT BY LOOKING AT THE
READING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS AND SUMMARY QUE STIONS

MAKE SURE YOU HIGHLIGHT or UND E RLINE THE KE YWORDS IN THE QUE STION S

MAKE SURE SENTENCES ARE IN S.V. O Form.

Simple Complete Sentences (Subjec t+ Verb + Obj ec t)

REMEMBER TO ANSWER USING the CORRECT PRONOUN

1st person to 3rd person : He, She, It, They
1st person answers are usually used for HOTS Question
I think, I feel
 SEARCH WITHIN THE SCOPE SEARCH FOR THE KEYWORD
THE ANSWER TO HOW USUALLY
ONLY IN PARAGRAPH 2 SPEND HIS SUMMER
REFLECTS AN ACTION = VERB
IN PARAGRAPH 2

26 a) From paragraph 2, how did Robin Evertson spend his summer holidays?
CHECK THAT ANSWERS HAVE
He slept and watched television
SUBJECT- VERB - OBJECT

b) From paragraph 3, what does the word "something' refer to?

SEARCH FOR THE KEYWORD |
The word something refers to sailing SOMETHING
IN PARAGRAPH 3 AND
THE ANSWER TO WHERE USUALLY
LOOK FOR THE SENTENCE
REFLECTS A PLACE
BEFORE/AFTER IT

27 a) From paragraph 4, where was their destination?

Their destination was a Danish island beween Denmark and Sweden

ANSWER WHY WITH IT IS BECAUSE

b) From paragraph 5, why was Robin's father at the edge of the deck?
It is because Robin's father wanted to fix the mast himself

28 a) From paragraph 6, what was Robin's father doing when Robin saw him?
Robin's father was keeping himself afloat in the water THE ANSWER TO DO/DOING
USUALLY REFLECTS AN ACTION
= VERB

b) From paragraph 7, what was Robin trying to do?

Robin wqs trying to call/dial for help using the phones

29 a) From paragraph 8, which word tells you that Robin's effort was unsuccessful?
Futile
ONLY 1 WORD

b) Why was Robin startled when he heard the voice of a women?

it is because Robin did not expect his call to get through. THIS IS A HOTS QUESTIONS
USE THE 1ST PERSON TO
ANSWER = I THINK, I FEEL

30 In your own words, how do you think Robin felt after saving his father? Give a reason
for your answer.
I think he was relieved because his father was finally saved and still alive.
or
I think he was terrified from the experience because he nearly lost his father
 Summary
Writing
ANSWERING
TECHNIQUES

B DRAW A BOX
Refering to the lines provided in the question
To narrow your area of focus on content points
BOX

READ THE QUESTION CAREFULLUY

R Identify what the question is asking for
May be asking for more than one
READ
element/component

IDENTIFY
I Identify the required content points
Find at least 10-13 content points
IDENTIFY
Make sure all components are included

E ELIMINATE
Identify and take out elaborations,examples,
details
ELIMINATE
Eg: such as, like, for example, because should be
removed

F FINALISE
Count the number of content points and words
FINALISE (130 words in total)
Check for spelling, correct use for connectors,
written in only 1 paragraph,
 SAMPLE QUESTIONS
HPARGARAP

ENIL
Robin went sailing with his father but encountered some problems
Based on the passage, write a summary on:
the problems Robin and his father faced when they started sailing
the problems he encountered to save his father
what Robin did to save his father

Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change the original
meaning
Your summary must
be in continuous writing form (not in note form)
use materials from line 16 to line 40
not be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below

Begin your summary as follow:

Robin and his father were sailing when at 11:30pm, .......

Content Points
The problems Robin and his father faced when they started sailing

1. the wind was blasting at 30 knots

2. spray from three-metre high waves slammed along the deck and hit their faces
3. whole mast of the sail rocking
4. he(Robin's father) decided to fix it by himself
5. Unfortunately he slipped and fell into the warter

The problems he encountered to save his father

1. Struggling to turn the boat

2. He grabbed his father's new mobile and dialled the emergency number
3. He tried using his own phone but he failed to get a signal
4. The yatch had no VHF radio to call for help and no distress rockets.

What Robin did to save his father

1. He swug the boat around heading east towards Sweden

2. At 1:48am, Robin dialled the emergency number
3. Startled, he heard a woman answer
4. The calll was relayed to the Marine Rescue Coordination Centre who gathered
information of Robin's father's whereabouts
5. They sent out a helicopter and rescue boats

SAMPLE ANSWER : BASIC

Robin and his father were sailing when at 11:30pm, strong winds were blasting at 30
knots. Spray from three-metre high waves slammed along the deck and hit their faces.The
whole mast of the sail was rocking so Robin's father decided to fix it himself.
Unfortunately, he slipped and fell into the water.Robin was struggling to turn the boat. He
grabbed his father's new mobile and dialled the emergency number. He tried using his own
phone but he failed to get a signal. The yatch had no VHF radio to call for help and on
distress rockets. Robin then swung the boat around heading east towards Sweden. At
1:48am, Robin dialled the emergency number. A woman answered and gathered
information about Robin's father's whereabouts. They sent a helicopter and rescue boats.

( 130 words)

ANSWER FEEDBACK

Content Points - Full Marks 10

Language - Basic and Mostly Copied - 1 Mark
No Variation in Language -
Total Marks 11 marks
LETS NOW TRY AN

U P G R A D E !!
S E E

Next Page
 Summary
Writing
LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT
TECHNIQUES

S SENTENCE CONNECTORS
[FACTUAL] Moreover, Furthermore, Besides
SENTENCE [NARRATIVE] Firstly, Soon, After that, Then
See more examples on next page
CONNECTORS

SYNONYMS

S Identify which words can be replace with

other words that bring the same meaning
Begin=Start, Search= Find, Done = Complete
SYNONYMS
See more examples on next page

SENTENCING & SENTENCE STRUCTURES

S Change active sentences into passive sentences
Eg :The cat was chasing the mouse. | The mouse
SENTENCING was being chased by the cat.

GROUPING
G Identify and try to group sentences which share
similar ideas
GROUPING and, as well as, plus, and also, then
SAMPLE ANSWER : BASIC
Robin and his father were sailing when at 11:30pm, strong winds were blasting at 30
knots. Spray from three-metre high waves slammed along the deck and hit their faces.The
whole mast of the sail was rocking so Robin's father decided to fix it himself.
Unfortunately, he slipped and fell into the water.Robin was struggling to turn the boat. He
grabbed his father's new mobile and dialled the emergency number. He tried using his own
phone but he failed to get a signal. The yatch had no VHF radio to call for help and on
distress rockets. Robin then swung the boat around heading east towards Sweden. At
1:48am, Robin dialled the emergency number. A woman answered and gathered
information about Robin's father's whereabouts. They sent a helicopter and rescue boats.

LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT ( 130 words)

TECHNIQUES

TIPS
S SENTENCE CONNECTORS
[FACTUAL] Moreover, Furthermore, Besides
SENTENCE
CONNECTORS
[NARRATIVE] Firstly, Soon, After that, Then
See more examples on next page DETERMINE TEXT TYP E - NARRATIVE/FACTUAL
USE SUITABLE CONNECTORS - NARRATIVE
SYNONYMS
(SEQUENCE) | FACTUAL(LOGICAL)
S Identify which words can be replace with
other words that bring the same meaning
SYNONYMS Begin=Start, Search= Find, Done = Complete
CAREFULLY TRY USING SYNONYMS TO
See more examples on next page
REPLACE WORDS
S
SENTENCING & SENTENCE STRUCTURES
CAREFULLY ATTEMPT VARIED SENTENCE
STRUCTURES
Change active sentences into passive sentences
Eg :The cat was chasing the mouse. | The mouse
SENTENCING was being chased by the cat.

USE AND, AS WELL, THEN TO MERGE & FLOW

G
GROUPING
Identify and try to group sentences which share
IDEAS
similar ideas
GROUPING and, as well as, plus, and also, then

SAMPLE ANSWER : ENHANCED

Robin and his father were sailing when at 11:30pm, heavy winds were blaring at 30
knots accompanied by high sprays of waves slamming along the deck hitting their
faces. Soon after, the whole mast of the sail was wobbling leaving Robin's father to
secure it himself. Unfortunately, he slipped and fell into the water. Robin was
struggling to manoeuvre the boat. Then, grabbed his father's new mobile and called the
emergency number. He tried using his own phone yet did not get any signal. The yatch
had no VHF radio nor any distress rockets.. Robin then swung the boat around heading
east towards Sweden. He then dialled the emergency number where a woman answered
gathering information about the scene and sent a helicopter and rescue boats to save
his father.

( 130 words)
ANSWER FEEDBACK

Content Points - Full Marks 10

Language - Use of New Vocabularies
Good Variation in Language -
Total Marks 14 marks
Connectors &
Conjunctions
 Poems

FORM 4

THE LIVING PHOTOGRAPH

THE CHARGE OF THE LIGHT BRIGADE

FORM 5

WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO LULU

A POISON TREE

MARKS ALLOCATION
5 M ARK S

TIME SUGGESTED
5 - 7 MIN U T E S

SECTION D : POEM
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
TESTED
5 MARKS
DIRECT QUESTIONS
INFERRED (INDIRECT) QUESTIONS
MEANING OF WORDS /PHRASES QUESTIONS
HOTS/APPLICATION/REFLECTION QUESTIONS
(Usually 2 Marks | RESPONSE + REASON)
 The Living Photograph
JACKIE KAY

My small grandmother is tall there, Line 1 | The persona's grandmother looks

young and healthy
straight-back, white broderie anglaise shirt, Line 2 & 3 | She was a simple and meek woman
pleated skirt, flat shoes, grey bun,
a kind, old smile round her eyes. Line 4 | She was a kind and loving person

Her big hand holds mine, Line 5 & 6 | She was caring and from a mix
White hand in black hand. ethnic background with the writer.

Her sharp blue eyes look her own death in the eye. Line 7 | She was bravely facing her own death
It was true after all; that look. Line 1 & 2 | The persona's grandmother was getting older
My tall grandmother became small.
Her back round and hunched. Line 3 | Her body posture started to bend downwards
Her soup forgot to boil. Line 4 | She started to become forgetful

She went to the awful place grandmothers go. Line 5 | Awful place = grave,
Somewhere unknown, unthinkable. The grandmother passed away

But there she is still, Line 1 | The persona still holds the grandmother closely in the heart

in the photo with me at three, Line 3 | The persona was 3 years old in the photo

the crinkled smile is still living, breathing. Line 3 | The grandmothers kind, cheerful soul
still lives forever in the persona's heart
JACKIE KAY

MORAL VALUES
THEMES
We should always love our grandparents
Love and Admiration for grandparents
We should treasure relationships with our
Remembering and Cherishing Memories loved ones

Care and Acceptance in Family Relationships
Acceptance of Death as Part of Life
The everlasting quality of a photograph
We should take care of the elderly
because there we always there for us.
We should cherish the living years and
accept death as part of life.

We should keep memories in a

photograph
 THE
charge of the light brigade
Half a league, half a league, Cannon to right of them,
Cannon to left of them,
Half a league onward,
Cannon in front of them
All in the valley of Death
Volleyed and thundered;
Rode the six hundred.
Stormed at with shot and shell,
“Forward, the Light Brigade!
Boldly they rode and well,
Charge for the guns!” he said.
Into the jaws of Death,
Into the valley of Death
Into the mouth of Hell
Rode the six hundred.
Rode the six hundred.
ALFRED LORD TENNYSON

League = measurement for distance

Valley of Death = the battlefield in the valley

Canon to the right , left , front - Soldiers were

Onward = to go
surrounded by cannons

=
six hundred = 600 soldiers on horseback
Volleyed and thundered

=
back and forth

= ( )
Shot and shell Full of guns and armour

Charge Attack instructed by commander

Boldly , well = Bravely and confidently

Mouth of Death Jaws of Hell / = ,

A dangerous brutal

“Forward, the Light Brigade!” and deadly place to be in

Was there a man dismayed?

Not though the soldier knew
Someone had blundered. HISTORICAL

Theirs not to make reply,

Theirs not to reason why, BACKGROUND
Theirs but to do and die. This poem was written to remember the Battle of Balaclava (25
Into the valley of Death October 1854) which happened during the Crimean War. This
Rode the six hundred. poem is written to remember the unsung heroes who despite
received the wrong orders from their commander , still fought for
their country and died in the process. The battles was between
Forward = Attack ( instructed by commander )
alliance of the British |French |Turkish against the strong
Dismayed = feeling distressed / confused
Russian Army
Blundered = /
made a mistake gave a wrong instruction

not to reply , reason = not to question but just follow orders

MORAL VALUES
THEMES
We must love and honour our country
Complexities of War
We must be dutiful and carry out our
Heroism and Courage in Facing Danger responsibilities

Loyalty and Duty in Responsibility We must be brave in facing danger and

overcoming our fears
Patriotism and Love for the Country
We must be obedient and respect our
leaders

We must communicate and ask questions

when needed
 W H A T H A S
Lulu
What has happened to Lulu, mother?
What has happened to Lu?
There's nothing in her bed but an old rag-doll
And by its side a shoe.
Why is her window wide, mother,
The curtain flapping free,
And only a circle on the dusty shelf
Where her money-box used to be?
Why do you turn your head, mother,
And why do tear drops fall?
And why do you crumple that note on the fire
And say it is nothing at all?
I woke to voices late last night,
I heard an engine roar.
Why do you tell me the things I heard
Were a dream and nothing more?
I heard somebody cry, mother,
In anger or in pain,
But now I ask you why, mother,
You say it was a gust of rain.
Why do you wander about as though
You don't know what to do?
What has happened to Lulu, mother?
What has happened to Lu?
THEMES
Relationship Problems in Families
Teenage Rebellion and Freedom
Importance of Communication in the
Family
A Child's Innocence and Curiousity
H A P P E N E D T O
CHARLES CAUSLEY
Stanza 1 | The persona' (a sibling of Lulu) questions
about the whereabouts of Lulu
She/he found a old rag doll on the bed.
Beside the bed is a shoe
Stanza 2 | The window in the room is open with
the curtain flying free.
The persona sees a missing money box on Lulu's
shelf wondering what could have happened.
Stanza 3 | The persona wonders why the
mother is avoiding communication yet crying.
The mother crumples and throws a note believed
to be from Lulu into the fire yet still keeps silent
about what has happened
Stanza 4 | The persona woke up to sounds of
voices and the sound of an vehicle's engine.
The persona questions why the mother shuts the
her/him off and tells her/him it was just a dream
Stanza 5 | The persona heard someone crying
in anger and pain. But when she mentioned this
to her/his mother. The mother just says it was the
sound of rain.
Stanza 6 | The persona is confused why the
mother walks about aimlessly (wandering) as
though she does not know what to do.
The persona continues to questions Where is
Lulu.
MORAL VALUES
We must love and respect our family
members and not go against their wishes
We should learn to openly and honestly
communicate our feelings in the family
We should make effort to know about our
family members
Parents should make effort to
understand their children.
Teenagers should know their boundaries
and put their families first.
 A Poison Tree
WILLIAM BLAKE
I was angry with my friend: (line 1)
I told my wrath, my wrath did end. (line 2)
I was angry with my foe: (line 3)
I told it not, my wrath did grow. (line 4)
And I watered it in fears, (line 1)
Night and morning with my tears; (line 2)
And I sunned it with smiles, (line 3)
And with soft deceitful wiles. (line 4)
And it grew both day and night, (line 1)
Till it bore an apple bright;(line 2)
And my foe beheld it shine, (line 3)
And he knew that it was mine, (line 4)
And into my garden stole (line 1)
When the night had veiled the pole: (line 2)
In the morning glad I see (line 3)
My foe outstretched beneath the tree.(line 4)
THEMES
Importance of Communication in
Relationship
The Dangers of Suppressed Anger
Importance of Forgiveness
Intentions behind Actions
Stanza 1 | The persona felt extreme anger(wrath) with his friend,
After telling/communicating his friend his anger ended
The personal was angry with his enemy(foe),
he decided to keep silent, his anger(Resentment )grew stronger
Stanza 2 | The anger grew like a tree, and the persona continue to
feed his insecurities(fear) and water it with sadness (tears), hurt.
He faked smiles that were not sincere and dishonestly(deceitful) tried
to gain the enemies trust through cunning plans (wiles)
Stanza 3 | The anger grew both night and day, until it grew(bore)
a poison apple(revenge and resentment) . The enemy knew about
this and was aware about this toxic relationship between him and the
persona (mine)
Stanza 4 | During a dark night when no one was
watching(veiled the pole), the enemy acted upon(stole) the
persona's cunning plans and died (outstretched beneath the
tree) in the process. In the morning, the persona was
happy(glad), because his evil plans to kill the enemy was a
success
MORAL VALUES
We should learn to openly and honestly
communicate our feelings in a relationship
We should not suppressed and keep
negative feelings because it can have bad
effects
We should always forgive those who hurt
us to regain inner peace and freedoom.
Teenagers should know their boundaries
and put their families first.
 Novel
CAPTAIN NOBODY IMPORTANT EVENTS

NEWTON PREPARES BREAKFAST

Newton wants to share his excitedment about the Big Game but
everyone is busy to attend to him
Concerned Newton prepares breakfast for his family
Frustrated Newton wakes his brother Chris out of bed
CARING | LOVING | RESPONSIBLE | KIND | FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS

NEWTON WITNESSES THE BIG GAME

Newton and his family prepares to watch Chris in the Big Game
Newton loses his ticket and is forced to watch the game outside the stadium
Chris falls into a serious comma during the touchdown of the Big Game
The family rushes to the hospital without Newton
BRAVERY | CURIOUSITY | INNOCENCE | CARE FOR FAMILY

NEWTON PREPARES FOR HALLOWEEN

Newton almost cancels his plan for Halloween due to failure of finding a
costume and being stressed about his brother's situation.
Cecil and JJ arrive at Newtons home to help him make a costume
Newton feels powerful with his new identity as Captain Nobody
FRIENDSHIP | SUPPORT | TEAMWORK | HELPING EACH OTHER

NEWTON HELPS CECIL AT THE DUMPSTER

Cecil calls for Newton on the walkie-talkie to help take down the big bass
drum from the dumpster
C.N managed to take down the bass drum despite his fear of heights
C.N finds Mr Clay the local locksmith by the dumpster and brings him back
home.
FILIAL FRIENDSHIP | OVERCOMING FEAR | COURAGE | HELPING OTHERS
NEWTON HELPS JJ AT THE SULLIVAN'S JEWELLERY STORE

JJ asks for Newton's help to help inform the Sullivan's about the store's
spelling error on the main signage board
During C.N's courageous attempt, he witnesses a robbery.
The robber warns C.N to keep it a secret and both CN & JJ run off home.
SUPPORTIVE | FRIENDSHIP | BRAVERY | DOING WHAT IS RIGHT

NEWTON SAVES FEROCIOUS THE FERRET ON THE HIGHWAY

Chris's teammate Daryl Peeps and cheerleader Colby Bryn promotes the
"Friends of Ferrocious" initiative to support Chris's recovery.
Newton is volunteered by Cecil to take care of the ferret despite his
unwillingness.
Reggie Ratner and his friends messes with the cage leading the ferret to run
freely on the dangerous highway.
C.N with the support of his friends bravely dashes through the highway to
save the ferret.
The scene caused a traffic jam which led to a crashing airplane to safely land
on the empty highway.
CALMNESS | TOLERANCE | ACCEPTANCE | RESPONSIBILITY | COURAGE

NEWTON SAVES REGGIE RATNER AT THE WATER TOWER

Newton and his friends escapes from school after discovering Reggie Ratner
plans to attempt suicide on the Appleton Water Tower.
C.N climbs up the water tower despite many challenges and his fear of
heights.
Both C.N and Reggie free fall causing C.N to suffer heavy injuries like a broke
ankle and ribs.
Reggie apologies for his actions and reveals the reason he was at the water
tower.
Newton gracefully forgives Reggie,promising to keep his secret and finally
meets his brother Chris who finally recovers from the coma.
RESPONSIBILITY | FRIENDSHIP &TEAMWORK | OVERCOMING FEAR | COURAGE |
FORGIVENESS
 Novel
ANSWERING
TECHNIQUES

INTRODUCTION

CHOOSE NOVEL
SHORT SYNOPSIS
ANSWER THE QUESTION

CONTENT

POINT + ELABORATION
TEXTUAL EVIDENCE

PERSONAL RESPONSE

PERSONAL RESPONSE (CHARACTER FOCUSED)

REFLECTIVE RESPONSE (LIFE APPLICATION)
SPM TYPE QUESTIONS
Based on the novel you have chosen, write about an important lesson you have learnt from one of the
characters in the novel, which you could apply to your own life . Explain your answer with close
reference to the text.
SAMPLE ANSWER

[CHOOSE NOVEL] I choose Captain Nobody by Dean Pitchford.[SHORT SYNOPSIS] This novel is
about a ten-year old boy named Newton Newman who embraces his inner other as Captain Nobody to
face many adventures in the town of Appleton. [ANSWER THE QUESTION]There is an important
lesson that I have learnt from one of the characters in the novel. One important lesson that I have
learnt is that we should be brave in facing and overcoming our fears. I have learnt this valuable
lesson from the main character of this novel who is Newton Newman.
In this novel, there are various times that Newton has displayed great courage in facing and
overcoming his fear. [POINT + ELABORATION]For instance, when Newton was called by Cecil to help
take the big bass drum from the dumpster, he had to overcome his fear of heights.[TEXTUAL
EVIDENCE] Despite being acrophobic, he dared himself to climb up the dumpster and help his friend.
Likewise, in another event, [POINT + ELABORATION]Newton had to save Ferocious the ferret on the
dangerous highway.[TEXTUAL EVIDENCE] Newton was given the responsibility to take care of the
ferret for a day. However, when Reggie Ratner messed with the cage at school, the ferret was left
running off until it reached a busy highway.Despite being in a dangerous situation, Newton had to
gather his courage to overcome his fear. With the support of his friends, he bravely dashed through
the traffic on the highway in a attempt to save the ferret. Lastly, in other event, [POINT +
ELABORATION] Newton was brave enough to overcome his fear of heights to save Reggie Ratner on
the Appleton Water Tower.[TEXTUAL EVIDENCE] He had to go through many challenges like climbing
the unstable structure of the ladder as well as his mask being ripped off during his climb up to the
water tower. Despite all this challenges, he was brave enough to continue his task to save Reggie
Ratner.
[CHARACTER FOCUSED PERSONAL RESPONSE] From all these events, Newton Newman clearly
showed great courage in facing and overcoming his fears. For the sake and goodwill of others, he
was daring to put aside his fear and overcoming them to face challenges. He was not afraid of the
consequence of what might happen but continue to push through in challenging situations.
[REFLECTIVE RESPONSE(LIFE APPLICATION)] Likewise, in my life, I would like to apply this value.
For example, I am always afraid to try new things like joining school competitions. I should take the
challenge to face my fears of speaking in public by joining public speaking competitions organised
by the school. At times, I am also afraid expressing my feelings when I am unhappy about
something. For example, when I see my classmates bullying and teasing my close friend. I am afraid
to speak up for what is right, fearing what others may think of me. I should learn from Newton that
if I face my fears bravely, I can overcome almost anything. This character has thought me the value
of courage and it inspires me to apply it in my daily life.

QUESTION REQUIREMENT ANSWER FEEDBACK

An(ONLY ONE) IMPORTANT LESSON Well structured

One (ONLY ONE) CHARACTER Still lacks textual evidence
Can relate MANY EVENTS Personal Response still can be improved
Can apply in your(my) LIFE
SPM TYPE QUESTIONS
Based on the novel you have chosen, write about an event in the novel which you think is important .
Briefly describe the event and give reasons why it is important with close reference to the text
SAMPLE ANSWER
[CHOOSE NOVEL] I choose Captain Nobody by Dean Pitchford.[SHORT SYNOPSIS] This novel is
about a ten-year old boy named Newton Newman who embraces his inner other as Captain Nobody to
face many adventures in the town of Appleton. [ANSWER THE QUESTION] Based on this novel, there
is an event in the novel which I think is important. That event is when Newton Newman saves
Ferocious the ferret on the highway.
[POINT + ELABORATION] I think the time when Newton Newman bravely put himself in danger in
efforts to save the ferret is the most important event in the story.[TEXTUAL EVIDENCE] In this
event, Chris Newman's teammate Daryl Peeps and cheerleader Colby Bryn promotes the "Friends of
Ferrocious" initiative to support Chris's recovery.Newton is volunteered by Cecil to take care of the
ferret despite his his reluctance due to his worries for his brother's recovery. At school,Reggie
Ratner and his friends messes with the cage leading the ferret to run freely on the dangerous
highway.The ferret is set free and runs out of the school, through a vegetable farm which leads it
straight to the open highway. C.N with the support of his friends bravely dashes through the
highway to save the ferret.The scene caused a traffic jam which led to a crashing airplane to safely
land on the empty highway.
[CHARACTER FOCUSED PERSONAL RESPONSE] I think this event in the story is very important
because it displays many good qualities of Newton Newman. First and foremost, he accepted the
responsibility openly to take care of the ferret without complaining much although there was
already a lot of things that were bothering his mind. Newton also remained calm and composed
when confronted with Reggie Ratner and the other bullies. Newton also shouldered the
responsibility to save the ferret although it was just an animal. He was even brave enough to risk
his life and overcome his fears to save the poor animal. This shows very inspiring qualities of a
young ten year old boy.[REFLECTIVE RESPONSE(LIFE APPLICATION)] Likewise, in my life, this event
has thought me the importance of calmness, responsibility and having the courage to face
challenges, I should remain calm and composed in stressful situations so that I would not make
costly blunders. For example, when confronted with people that discourage me, I can just smile and
there is no need to pick up a fight because peace is better than being right. This event also taught
me that we should always uphold high level of responsibility when a task is given to us. We should
fulfill our duties the best we can just like how Newton did. Lastly, I choose this event because it
teaches us the value of having courage in facing obstacles. Despite the many challenges Newton
face like the angry drivers in heavy traffic and the danger of risking his life, he still pulled through
and managed to save the ferret. For me, I now know that whatever challenges come my way in
pursuing my dream career, I should never easily give up and have the courage to overcomes any
challenges that comes my way.

QUESTION REQUIREMENT ANSWER FEEDBACK

An(ONLY ONE) EVENT Well structured

Must DESCRIBE THE EVENT Detailed Textual Evidence
Can relate MANY REASONS Rich Personal Response
PERSONAL RESPONSE | NOVEL : CAPTAIN NOBODY
A very important element that will determine your marks
Maturity and depth of personal response will determine your overall score for Novel section
P.RESPONSE - CHARACTER FOCUSED
Newton was kind to prepare breakfast for his
family.
Newton was kind in helping his friend Cecil at
the dumpster, JJ at the Jewellery store, as well
as helping Mr Clay return home.
Despite being bullied, Newton was still kind
enough in saving Reggie Ratner at the water
tower.
Newton friends also helped him to prepare a
costume for Halloween.
Newton was brave to face his own fears by
helping his friends. He put aside his fears to
bravely face the challenge in front of him.
Newton is also willing to take risk. Only
people with courage will be brave to take risk.
Eg: Climbing up the dumpster, water tower
and running on the highway to help others.
Newton pull through despite many
challenges faced
Eg: At the highway and on the water tower
Cecil and JJ were always good friends for
Newton and worked well as a team
Cecil and JJ teamed up to help Newton find a
Halloween costume when he almost gave up
to show up for Halloween.
Cecil, JJ and Newton also worked together
and support each other as a team during
their mission to save Reggie Ratner at the
Water Tower.
Newton took the responsibility of taking care
of the family by preparing breakfast for his
busy parents.
Newton also did his part as a responsible
citizen by walking Mr Clay back home to his
wife.
Newton responsibly took care of the ferret
ensuring it is back safely after the disaster on
the busy highway
Newton did not take his friend's request for
help too personally although it put him into
lots of trouble Eg: Jewellery store
Newton still forgave Reggie Ratner although
he put Newton in lots of trouble including
causing him very bad injuries from the fall at
the water tower.
REFLECTIVE RESPONSE ( LIFE APPLICATION)
We should have empathy in caring for others
KINDNESS & We should have the social responsibility to be
HELPING kind towards members of society.
We should not be selfish and only think
OTHERS about ourselves.
People will appreciate those who help them.
We should be in solidarity with others and be
there for them, helping them when there are
in need
We should bravely face our fears by overcoming
COURAGE them by challenging ourselves in given obstacles.
Eg: If we are shy to speak up, we should try, if we
are afraid to admitting our mistakes , we should
take ownership of our faults.
We should persevere despite challenges and
obstacles in life. Be determined and never give up
We should always be there for one another and
FRIENDSHIP & support each other in times of need.
We need friends and peer support to go through
TEAMWORK difficult and challenging times in life.
There are many ways we can show our support
eg: listening to their problems, offering help or
even just being there for team.
Achieving success alone is difficult. Alone we can
do so little , together we can do so much
We should always uphold the responsibility
RESPONSIBILITY been given to us and fulfill our task dutifully.
We should be responsible and take
ownership for our actions and its
consequences.
We should not only think of ourselves but be
responsible our own actions and how it
affects others.
We should play our role in society to be a
responsible students/citizen/family member.
FORGIVENESS We should never keep and suppress negative
feelings inside because it will make us
unhappy.
We should always forgive our enemies and
those who hurt us to gain inner peace and
freedom from our hurt and sadness.
 Directed Writing
FEATURES
- Uses formal language (Except Informal Letter)
- Straight forward to the point | Direct Writing

- Content Points must be Elaborated to gain marks | 1 (Content) + 1 (Elaboration) = 1 Mark

- Follows a particular format for each type

MARKS
FORMAT - 3 MARKS
CONTENT - 12 MARKS
LANGUAGE - 20 MARKS

TYPES AND FORMATS

ARTICLE SPEECH
PURPOSE | To share PURPOSE | To share
information, report on findings information, advice, raise

awareness

FORMAT
Title (Underlined) FORMAT
Introduction & Ending Greet the audience
Writer/Contributor's Introduce the Topic
Name Thank & Conclude(Ending)

Title
--------Greetings----------
By : Writers Name
-----In conjunction----------

-Purpose/ Title of the Speech--

-Introduction-----

---Ending/Closing Note-----
---Hope/Wish/Advice-----

---Thank the audience-----

--Ending------
REPORT NEWS REPORT
PURPOSE | To report on a event, PURPOSE | To report local
news, clubs/society report, police happenings

report

FORMAT
FORMAT Title (Underlined)
To : Recipient (Short Address) Place, Date
Date : Reported by
Title :
Reported by
Title
To : Recipient (Short Address)
Date : Place, Date -
Title :

Reported by
(Signature) Reported by
NAME
NAME
POSITION
FORMAL LETTER INFORMAL LETTER
PURPOSE | To apply, request, invite, PURPOSE | Share experiences,
inquire, complain suggest, advise, invite

FORMAT FORMAT
Senders Address Senders Address
Recipient Address Date
Date Salutation (Dear......)
Salutation [Dear Sir/Madam] Introduction & Closing
Title(Underlined) Sign Off
Sign Off Signature, Name
Signature, Name, Position

Sender's Address
Sender's Address

Date
Recipient's Address

Date Dear ...........

Dear Sir/Madam
Greetings
Title

Introduction
With reference to the matter above,

2. Content 1

3. Content 2

Closing

3. Content 3

Best Regards,
Thank you

Yours Faithfully,
Reported by
(Signature) (Signature)
NAME
NAME
POSITION
 INFORMAL LETTER
PURPOSE | Share experiences,
WRITING TECHNIQUES suggest, advise, invite

INFORMAL FORMAT
Senders Address

LETTER Date
Salutation (Dear......)
TIPS Introduction & Closing
Sign Off
Use expressions to show personal
Signature, Name
connection
I' ve be dying to hear from you.
It' s been ages since I last heard from
you. Sender's Address

Use Punctuation to show emotions

I' m so excited to hear from you!!
How have you been? Date

Use contractions to show

friendly/casual/informal language
Dear ...........
I' m so excited to hear from you!!
I' ll let you know when we can meet.
Let' s plan for a meet up soon.
Greetings

Closing

Best Regards,

(Signature)
NAME
You have received a letter from a former classmate studying at a

former school . She is stressed out in facing the upcoming SPM exams .
Write her a letter advising her some strategies to prepare for the exam

Exam Preparation Tips

Block C 19-01, '
D Ambience Residences ,
Have sufficient sleep Jalan Permas Jaya 2, Permas Jaya

Create a timetable

Organise a study space

81750, Masai

Eliminate Distrations Johor Bahru

+6 More Given Content Points

Johor
Your Own Point

Your Own Point MALAYSIA

24 February 2021
Dear Juliane ,

How have you been ? '

It s been ages since I heard from you ! In your last letter you mentioned you re '
pretty stressed out for the upcoming exams I totally feel you . ! '
it s just so annoying that our exams are being

postponed time after time and trust me I feel just the same way too , ! ,
Anyway rest assured with some helpful

, ' '
strategies I m sure we ll ace this exam confidently and here are few tips !

, .
First of all make sure you have sufficient sleep Normally teenagers like us should get at least six to eight ,
.
hours of sleep per night I know you like studying till late night but this rest is crucial so we are mentally

focused and alert during revisions and exam preparations Next do you even have a schedule or timetable . , ?
Creating a timetable and following through will help you to stay organised and productive throughout the day ,
This way , we can say goodbye to previous episodes of procrastination !!

I would also suggest that you organise a dedicated study space at home This will help you feel motivated .
and remain focus when you have a personal space to revise for all the subjects . By the way , here is another

one my teacher suggested ! Try to eliminate as many distractions as far as possible I m really sure for . '
' .
the most of us it s our social media accounts So for the time being let s temporarily disable Instagram and , '
. ,
Facebook accounts for our good own It may be hard but I m sure you will thank me later for this since it s really ' '
working well for me so far .

,
Before I forget remember to also stay hydrated Water is important to keep us alert and avoid us from .
.
feeling groggy all day This tip would really help in staying productive during revision sessions Lastly take full . ,
advantage of study groups . ,
Sometimes revising this way is a whole lot faster and effective Ask your friends for .
.
help on topics you are weak in You can even text me or ring me up whenever you plan to revise together .

, . '
Well I guess that would be all from me Let s continue to support each other especially during these times I .
'
really hope we ll do well in this upcoming exam and pass with flying colours Feel free to reach out to me if you .
need to Juliane ! Till then , take care and all the best for your exams .

Your friend ,

Take note of the following

Joshua Jerome Robert

Contractions are used in informal writing =', ' '

I ll Let s I m

Informal expressions are use =' ..

I m sure Do you even ...
I know you ..
Informal language sounds more personal , expressive and conveys emotion .
I totally feel you !
WRITING TECHNIQUES FORMAL LETTER

FORMAL LETTER
PURPOSE | To apply, request, invite,
inquire, complain

TIPS FORMAT
Use formal language Senders Address
About = Regarding Recipient Address
Tell = inform Date
Salutation [Dear Sir/Madam]
Be Straight to the Point Title(Underlined)
Provide Points > Elaboration > Sign Off
Examples Signature, Name, Position

Be Polite Sender's Address

Tone is Professional not Personal

Includes Letter of
Invitation, Request, Application,
Inquiry, Complaint Recipient's Address

Date

Dear Sir/Madam

Title

Introduction
With reference to the matter above,

2. Content 1

3. Content 2

3. Content 3

Thank you

Yours Faithfully,
Reported by
(Signature)

NAME
POSITION
 DIRECTED: FORMAL LETTER: Letter of Complaint

Raju a/l Lingam,

123 A, Lorong Bahagia,

Taman Sentosa,

07231 Bandar Baru Sentol,

Kelantan

_________________________________________________________________________

The President,

Bandar Baru Sentol Council,

Kompleks Utama,

07200 Bandar Baru Sentol 16 JUNE 2011

Dear Sir,

Uncollected Rubbish and Clogged Drains

I am writing this letter is to attract your attention to the above title. As the representative of the

community, I am calling to tell you that the 300 odd residents living in Taman Sentosa are extremely

unhappy about the lackadaisical attitude of the local town council towards the uncollected rubbish and

clogged drains in our area.

2. The rubbish in our area has not been collected for more than a week. The rubbish is supposed to be

collected on alternate days but this has not been the case. The town council workers collect the rubbish

according to their own whims and fancies. The uncollected garbage has attracted not only flies and

mosquitoes but also wild dogs which had attacked the residents on several occasions. These stray animals

also scatter the rubbish and make the roads dirty and smelly. As a result, residents have to bear the

discomfort of stench from the garbage and risk their health.

3. We are also disappointed with the town council workers for not clearing the clogged drains which

are filled with rubbish. The drains would usually overflow when there is heavy rain and the rubbish would

then flow into the compounds of our houses. Besides, putting up with the unbearable stench emitted from

them, the residents have to spend hours cleaning their compounds of rotten vegetables, food leftovers and

other rubbish.

4. Due to dengue outbreak recently, we are really concerned about the residents’ health especially

the children. Fogging service also was not done accordingly to the schedule. The fogging authority only did

their job whenever a case of dengue aroused. They even fogging the neighbourhood late at night that

caused us to leave the residents. They need to consider the residents who have babies and also to those

who need to wake up early in the morning for work. The fogging also caused the people to have breathing

problem when we were not told the exact time of fogging.

5. We have made numerous appeals to the Municipal Council to look into our complaints but to no

avail. We have been putting up with this predicament for more than a week. We hope the health authorities

would do something to check these health hazards.

Thank you.

Yours faithfully,

(RAJU a/l MANIAM)

Community Representative
 DIRECTED: FORMAL LETTER: Letter of Application
Chong Mei Lin,

40, Jalan Templer,

Taman Hati Bersih,

76 000 Seremban,

Negeri Sembilan

______________________________________________________________________

The Manager,

Lim and Sons Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd.,

Lot 123, Interstate Industrial Area,

76 001 Nilai,

Negeri Sembilan 18 JULY 2010

Dear Sir / Madam,

Application for the Post of Accounts Assistant

I wish to apply for the post of Accounts Assistant as advertised in The New Strait Times dated

15th July 2011.

2. I have the necessary qualifications as stated in my curriculum vitae which is attached to

this letter. I have experience working in both food manufacturing and also auto manufacturing

fields. I am currently working in Lazat Ice Cream Sdn. Bhd. in capacity of an Accounts Assistant

and have been here since January 2008. Before this, I was working in TFR Auto Enterprise as an

Accounts clerk. Since my present position offers little prospect for career advancement, I would

like to be attached to a fairly large organisation such as yours.

3. I would like to work in Nilai as I intend to further my studies and get professional

qualification. I have registered with a college in Nilai to do ACCA on part-time basis. With this

high additional education level and knowledge, I can perform better in applying the accounts

knowledge in the future job.

4. I can assure you that I am capable person who can work independently. I am able to

handle full sets of accounts, up to three sets at a time. I am interested in working with a

company like yours as I feel I can grow well with the company. I am a team player, adapt easily

to any working environments and can work with people from all works of life.

5. I was active in extra-curricular activities and was considered as responsible and

dedicated worker. I led and organised many activities for the school clubs so I am confident that

I can be an asset to your company in this capacity. Furthermore, i have a good command of

English.

6. In view of my qualification and experience, I would expect a salary more than RM 2 000.

And since I have my own car, I would have no problems travelling outstation should the job

require.

7. I look forward to hearing from you and I am fully prepared to attend an interview at any

time convenient to you.

Thank you.

Yours faithfully,

Raju

(RAJU a/l MANIAM)

WRITING TECHNIQUES
SPEECH SPEECH
TIPS PURPOSE | To share
Greet Your Audience
information, advice, raise
Good morning, Good day
awareness

Introduce Yourself and the Topic

I am _____ and in conjunction
with_____ I will be sharing about
Give Points + Examples
Purpose is to inform and share
knowledge/awareness
FORMAT
Greet the audience
Introduce the Topic
Thank & Conclude(Ending)

End well & Thank your audience -------- Greetings----------

That will be all for now, thank -----In conjunction----------
you for lending your ears...
-Purpose/ Title of the Speech--
Hope and Wishes
I hope the information share was
useful to all of you . .

---Ending/Closing Note-----
Your school is having a month-long ‘A Healthy Body Campaign’. As President of the Health

Club of your school, you decide to give a speech on the ‘Tak nak Campaign’ recently launched

by the government.

Tak Nak Campaign

A very good morning to our dear Principal, Mr. Hasnan bin Jaafar, teachers and

students.

Recently, our former Prime Minister, Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi launched an anti-

smoking campaign called “Tak Nak”. You can now see this short and rhyming catch phrase

“Tak Nak” everywhere – on billboards, posters, TV ads, and sometimes I even hear it on the

radio. Though some people have criticised our government for setting aside a staggering sum

of RM100 million over 6 years for the campaign, it is nothing compared to the huge amounts

that tobacco companies spend to promote smoking.

But in this war against smoking, money definitely talks; it is necessary for the Tak Nak

Campaign to constanly remind us of the hazard of smoking because about 50 Malaysian

teenagers light up for the first time every day. In fact, some of these youth progress steadily

from this to regular use, with addiction raking hold within a few years. And this is despite the

warning on every pack of cigarettes that states unequivocally “Smoking is dangerous to your

health”.

What can the Tak Nak Campaign do to combat this? Their aggressive advertising

creates media awareness among the public, especially among the fashionable young crowd,

that smokers have yellowed teeth and suffer from shortness of breath and tells them that it is

not cool to smoke. It is also not responsible of them to affect non-smokers with second-hand

smoke.

Also, there is a succession of infomercials on TV and in the papers showing the

debilitating effects of tobacco addiction on the body and gruesome statistics of smoke-

related deaths. We are now familiar with the graphic pictures of damaged lungs on billboards

which should scare people into not smoking. This works, as I know some of my friends are

quitting now, or trying to reduce the number of cigarettes they smoke per week.

However, I feel any anti-smoking campaign is more effective if other people and

organisations are actively involved too. Yes, the first step has been taken by the top, but sad

to say, many of our politicians smoke themselves. Nearer to home, so do some of our parents

and teachers.

These adults have to be good role models by not smoking themselves. If they do smoke,

they should tell their children and students that they regret that they ever started, and then

take steps to quit smoking as soon as possible. They must practise what they preach.

On a more positive note, I commend the Malaysia Amateur Athletic Union for its zero-

tolerance of smoking because they know that smoking and health just do not mix. How can our

sportsmen excel if they cannot stop smoking.

Dear teachers and students, thank you for your attention. Let me end my speech by

reiterating that smoking is a bad habit, so make Tak Nak your mantra. If you have started

smoking, say Tak Nak and quit! And if you haven’t started smoking, say know that smoking not

only damages your health but you are also literally burning your money.
WRITING TECHNIQUES
ARTICLE
ARTICLE PURPOSE | To share
TIPS information, report on findings

Purpose is to Inform and Provide

Information FORMAT
Good morning, Good day
Title (Underlined)
Write in formal & factual Introduction & Ending
language Writer/Contributor's
Name
Give Points + Examples
Purpose is to inform and share
knowledge
Title
By : Writers Name
Remember to Write down the Title
& Contributors(Writers) Name
-Introduction-----

--Ending------
ARTICLE: Article for School Magazine / Newsletter
In spite of government’s clear call to students to study English well, many students still show very little interest in

studying the language. As Chairperson of the English Language Society, you are going to try to persuade the

students to study the language by writing an article in the school newsletter. In the article you have to tell the

students the importance of studying the language. Your article is given in the point form below:

will help you to further your studies

will help you to get a job

will help you in your job

will help you in your travels

will help you to enjoy many interesting programmes in television

will help you to appreciate many of the world’s most beautiful literary works

The Importance of Studying English

By : Raju A/L Ravi

It is a big concerned for teenagers nowadays as they are unaware of the

importance of English language as they tend to ignore to learn the language. Students’

attitude towards the language is also crucial to make sure that these teenagers can face

the future world better by learning English language as it is an international language.

Although the government has repeatedly told us of the importance of English, many

students are still not bothered about studying it seriously. There is also a campaign that still

on to make all the Malaysian becomes a better English learner, which is ‘Enhance

Proficiency in Bahasa Malaysia, Strengthen the English’. English is the most important and

the most useful language in the world today. There are many reasons why you should study

the language properly.

First and foremost, English will definitely help you a lot when you want to further

studies. Almost all books at university are written in English in all subjects. Plus, it is a

compulsory for any candidate to pass English with credit before entering any universities.

So, if you are poor in English, you will blow you chance for better education or worse, you

are going to have a big problem studying at university.

The second reason why you have to study English well is that it will help you to get a

job. When you go for a job interview, the interviewer will surely talk to you in English. The

first impression you should give in order to success and have the job is, to respond in

English fluently. Your chances of getting the job are very slim if you stutter while

interviewing.

A good command in of English will also help you greatly in your job. If the company

you work is actively involved in international trade, you have to speak to prospective

customers in English. Miscommunication might occur if your English is bad. And this will put

your company at risk and you will likely be dismissed if this happen.

Good English will also help you a lot when you travel. Every country in the world

studies English. Even the roadside stall-holders in China speak fairly good English! At least

some of the people you meet on your travels in other countries can understand English. The

language is certainly practical when you are lost in your trip. Communication problem will

not happen if you can converse well in English. Inevitably, English is one of the languages

used in any airport in the world in making announcement. Knowing English well, therefore,

make travelling overseas easier.

Besides all these, entertainment is one of the major advantages you will experience

if you good in English. You will enjoy television’s best programmes. We must admit that

many of the best programmes are produced by the Americans and British companies. High

self confidence influenced by the programmes will indirect inculcate in yourself when you

are fluent in the language. Quality time is worthily spent if you understand and enjoy the

programmes.

Based from all the above elaboration, I hope that students will see the importance

and realise how importance the language is for their own future. Although it is a second

language in our country, it is now a main language all over the world.
WRITING TECHNIQUES
REPORT
REPORT PURPOSE | To report on a event,
TIPS news, clubs/society report, police

Includes report
News Report, School Event Report,
School Magazine Report, Police
Report FORMAT
To : Recipient (Short Address)
Write in formal & factual
language
Date :
Title :
Remember to write mostly in the Reported by
PAST TENSE (event has happend)

To : Recipient (Short Address)

Give Points + Examples
Date :
Purpose is to inform and share
knowledge Title :

Remember to Write down the Title

& Contributors(Writers) Name

Reported by
(Signature)

NAME
POSITION

NOTE : ONLY SCHOOL REPORT IS

SHOWN IN THIS EXAMPLE
DIRECTED: REPORT – Report to Principal

You are very disappointed by the conditions and services provided by your school canteen. You

decide to write a report to inform your school principal about the poor conditions and services of

the canteen. These would include:

insufficient table and benches

food and drinks not covered

too little food counters

dirty and clogged drains – smelly

food – expensive and lacks variety

inadequate food – late comers have nothing to buy, to eat

cold food – not fresh

rude canteen workers

To : Mr. Hasnan bin Jalal,The Principal,

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Permata
Date : 24 March 2011
Topic : Report about the School Canteen

I am writing this report is to draw your attention regarding the school canteen. Many

of the students of Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Permata are unhappy about the conditions

at the school canteen. There were lots of complaints regarding this issue.

Firstly, there are insufficient tables and benches. Our school has a student population of

over 1 000. There is only one period of recess time for all forms. More than 80 per cent of the

students go to the canteen during recess to buy food and drinks. Unfortunately, there are only

about twenty-five tables and fifty benches which can accommodate less than half the number

of students. As a result, many students have to stand while eating.

The food sold at the canteen not only expensive but lacks of variety. The menu is the

same every day. For the past five years, ever since the present canteen management took

over, students go back to the same food.

The hygiene and preparation of food leave a lot to be desired. The food and drinks are

not covered. They way canteen attendants dress speak volume about hygiene. With their

lackadaisical attitude, the food they sell would one way or the other become contaminated.

My fourth complaint about the canteen pertains to the etiquette of the canteen

workers. They are rude and arrogant. They often shout at students. The students are always on

the receiving end of their bad moods.

We hope that conditions at the canteen will improve. The canteen should provide

better amenities. There should also be a different menu everyday so that students will not

have to taste the same food day in and day out. Cleanliness should be given top priority.

We hope that you will look into our complaints and take steps to remedy the situation.

The students are prepared to boycott the canteen if their complaints go unheeded.

Reported by:
Malik
Malik bin. Mohd Jalil
Student of Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Permata
 Narrative
Writing
GENERAL STRUCTURE

PLOT DIAGRAM

CLIMAX/CONFLICT
HIGHLIGHT OF THE STORY
PROBLEM OF THE STORY

FALLING ACTION
RISING ACTION
EFFECTS OF EVENT
DESCRIBE CHARACTER TURNING POINT
BUILD UP BACKGROUND

EXPOSITION RESOLUTION
INTRODUCE SETTING CONCLUDE WITH
INTRODUCE CHARACTERS REFLECTIONS
EXPERIENCE
FEELINGS
VALUES
LESSONS LEARNT
Narrative- Descriptive
Writing
WRITING STRATEGIES

Show Don't Tell

TO THE NEW YEAR

Taste See

Using the
Smell Touch
Senses

Feel Hear
WITHOUT SENSORY DETAILS
I woke up in the morning, the sun was shinning and my
mother was preparing breakfast. She made some taost and
eggs

USING SENSORY DETAILS

I woke up in the morning and felt the heat of the sun through
my open window I heard the sound of plates and glasses
clanking so I knew that it was my mother who was busy
preparing breakfast. I tried to cover myself with the blanket but
the smell of scrambled eggs was too tempting that it lured me
out of bed. As I entered the kitchen, I saw my mother spreading
a thick layer of butter and the scrambled eggs on the freshly
toasted bread. I could not wait to sink my teeth into the hot
toast with the melted butter dripping down the sides. I took a
bite and it tasted just heavenly

WITHOUT SENSORY DETAILS

I woke up in the morning, the sun was shinning and my
mother was preparing breakfast. She made some taost and
eggs

USING SENSORY DETAILS

I sat by the deserted beach and gazed far away at the blue sea.
I could hear the sound of the roaring waves rushing to the
shore. The cold wind was blowing against my cheek. I picked up
a stone which was as cold as ice and threw it as far as I could
into the sea. I was alone so I could not hear those cheerful,
excited voices of children running around on the beach nor
could I hear the birds singing in the trees
Sentence Structures
GENERAL STRUCTURE

Simple Sentences
Subject + Verb + Object
He plays football during the evenings.

Enhanced Sentences
Subject + Adverb + Adjective
+ Verb + Object
He excitedly plays the football even during the
cloudy evenings.

Complex Sentences
Subject + Verb + Object +
Subject + Verb + Object
He excitedly plays football even during cloudy
evenings as it has always been his passion to
be a renowned international football player.
CONTINUOUS: NARRATIVE WRITING: With an ending

Write a story ending with “... En. Nizam was grateful he had such good

neighbours.”

Not even in his wildest dream did En. Nizam think he would lose so much

in such a short time. It had been a trying period. When he got word that his

father was on his death bed, En. Nizam’s family rushed to his hometown. Even

before the funeral rites were over, he received a call from his immediate

neighbour that his house was partly destroyed by fire and that the cause of the

fire was believed to be arson.

Members of En. Nizam’s immediate family and his relatives were in state

of disarray. First, it was the death of an elder member of a family, then this

misfortune. Although En. Nizam was worried, deep in his heart he knew that he

had very good neighbours, friends who would stand by him in good times and

bad.

Sure enough, the minute he set foot in the compound of his house, he

knew he was right. His neighbours, Mr. Subra and En. Majid, were there taking a

close watch on the house. He learnt from them that the neighbours had been

taking turns to keep an all-day vigil on the house. He thanked them from the

bottom of his heart.

After inspecting the damage caused by the fire, En. Majid handed

donations collected by the residents living in the area. His neighbours had

passed the hat around and the donations came up to a significant amount.

Although, the donations was still short of the amount required to repair the

damages, en. Nazim was grateful.

The next day, En. Nazim was even more overwhelmed by the care and

concern shown by his neighbours. They were there to extend their condolences

and to show their support. Donations came pouring in. The women folk were busy

preparing all the meals for the family.

With the help of his neighbours, En. Nizam got a building contractor to

repair the damaged sections of the house. The repair and renovations took

almost a week to complete. When the house was ready, the neighbour turned up

in full force to congratulate him.

Tears welled up in E. Nizam’s eyes. He was at a loss for words. En. Nizam

was grateful he had such good neighbours.

367 words
CONTINUOUS | DESCRIPTIVE - Description of a Scene

A Road Accident
Road accidents are reported in newspaper and on television every day.

There are more frequently caused by reckless drivers rather than faulty vehicles.

Last Saturday, while I was travelling from Ipoh, I witnessed a serious accident.

The scene of the accidents was vivid in my mind.

A motorcyclist was following behind was taxi very closely. He was so

impatient that he was trying to overtake my taxi even near a sharp bend. At that

critical moment, there was an oncoming car. The taxi driver swerved to the

roadside and I got a terrible jolt. It was too late for the motorcyclist to avoid the

car. His motorcycle ran against the bumper of the car and smashed its

windscreen. The motorcyclist somersaulted over the car and was found lying in

a pool of blood. It was a scene to chill the flesh! The car driver, who was cut by

the flying glass, was in a state of shock. All that happened in split second and

fear overwhelmed us.

The taxi driver stopped his taxi and I quickly ran to the nearest to the

nearest telephone booth to inform the police and the hospital. From a distance

I could see some people trying to help the injured motorcyclist and the car

driver. They carried them into one of the onlooker’s car and sent them to the

hospital for treatment. Meanwhile the taxi driver tried to control and directs the

traffic. Soon the police arrived and they promptly took some measurements and

evidence. After that they moved the damaged car and the motorcycle to the

roadside to ease the traffic congestion. They also took down the evidence

provided by witnesses and onlookers. Some sweepers were clearing the debris

and the blood stains on the road.

When the taxi finally continued the journey, I silently thanked God for my

narrow escape. I learned a good lesson that impatience and recklessness would

bring harm and danger. I was happy to see that Malaysians are public-spirited

and they render help to others readily. Since then I remember and follow the

saying ‘more haste less speed’ and ‘prevention is better than cure’. I believe

good road manners and roads safety campaigns can help to reduce the

number of road accidents which cause injuries, loss and lives and properties.
 FACTUAL WRITING
FEATURES AND PHRASES

Characteristics & Style

- Uses Formal Language

- Written with the purpose to inform or provide information

-Uses passive voice/3rd person voice

-Based solely on facts

Themes for Continuous Writing in SPM 1119 [Focus Questions]

1.People

2.Values

3.Health

4.Environment

5.Science and Technology

6.Social Issues

Writing an Introduction for Factual Essays

- Using General Statements

- Using Factual Statements

- Using Questions

How to Write an Introduction?

- Use CONTEXT = Background Story/Context + Introduce the Topic
Eg :

Recently, the world has been hit by a global pandemic known as Covid-
19.Many students are forced to stay at home to continue their virtual
learning.[CONTEXT] However, there are various benefits of learning from
home and this issue will discuss the advantages of learning from home
[OPENING THE TOPIC]

Writing Paragraphs
Remember to use relevant Logical Connectors

Example: Firstly, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, Besides

 GENERAL FRAMEWORK OF WRITING
PARAGRAPHS(FACTUAL)

TOPIC SENTENCE (CONTENT POINT)

SUPPORTING DETAILS
Elaboration + Examples

+
 

CONSOLIDATION (REAFFIRM)
Restate all points

+ Reaffirm Statement

Elaboration and Examples (especially for topics involving Social Issues)

Using
Causes
- This…… is due to

- …….is caused by

-……….is due to the fact that…..

- Another contributing factor of …….is……..

Effects
- This situation/issue/problem will affect…..

- ……..will lead to

-……….brings about

- will contribute towards…….

Solutions
- To overcome this situation,……

- To tackle this problem,

- One of the ways to overcome this situation is…..

- To curb this from getting worse,…..should

Examples
- As an example,

- For instance,

-For example,

- To further illustrate this point,

- In fact, …..
FACTUAL | EXPOSITORY STYLE ESSAY

Social Networking Website

A large number of internet users have joined social networking websites. A social network service

is an online service, platform, or site that focuses on building and reflecting of social networks or

social relations among people. For example is for those who wants to share interests and, or activities.

A social network service essentially consists of a representation of each user which known often as a

profile, his or her social links, and a variety of additional services.

Most social network services are web based and provide means for users to interact over the

internet, such as e-mail and instant messaging. Online community services are sometimes considered

as a social network service. In a broader sense, social network service usually means an individual-

centered service whereas online community services are group-centered. Social networking sites

allow users to share ideas, activities, events, and interests within their individual networks.

In the last five years, they have been growing up more and more popular. This increase in their

popularity has led to a large number of members.One of the many reasons why Yahoo!, MySpace and

Facebook social networking websites have increased in popularity is due to the fact that they cover a

wide variety of different topics, issues and interest. They do not just focus on one particular group of

individuals or one particular issue. Their policy is to invite as many types of internet users to join as

possible. By this, it gives members a wide selection of online friends to choose from.

If you are looking to join a social networking website that is more focused on creating friendships

or partnerships between internet users preferable with the same interests, then you will want to focus

on social networking websites. They have a particular focus. The prevalent websites focus on

important issues, topics and hobbies, such as pet owners, religion travel and others. So before you

join, think of an issue you are interested in and sign up for the website that focuses on that issue.

What really sets them apart from other websites? What is so special about them? These are

questions which have been asked by many who show interest in joining. Primarily, it is the community.

As mentioned, such social networking sites tend to focus on a particular topic, issue or hobby. This

means that if you are a keen traveller and you would like to speak to other keen travellers, you will

want to join a traveller’s networking sites.

The difference between these social networking sites and traditional ones is that you will

automatically be paired with hundreds, if not thousands, of other internet users who share the same

interests, views or beliefs as you. This is a big bonus to the members.

Another benefit to joining the social networking website is that you are, in a way, safer than those

who are members of other networks. Most of them require activation before joining the site. Before

activation can occur, many users are required to state their reasons for wanting to join the network or

they may be required to fill out a small questionnaire pertaining to determine whether or not they have

a genuine interest in the topic focused on by the network in question. By pairing you with a group of

individuals who share the same beliefs, views and interests as you do is advantageous to members. It

means that you do not have to spend hours researching a person or speaking to them just to learn

what they are or are not interested in. Therefore, this enables you to jump right in and start making

friends, almost as soon as you are granted access to the site that you have chosen. This service gives

the social networking websites a great edge over other websites.

 As long as the clock is
ticking you still have time
winning. Do what it does
and keep on moving.
SAM LEVENSON

All the Best to All

Candidates
MR JOSHUA JEROME ROBERT

REFERENCES
SPECIAL THANKS TO
https://7esl.com/
http://englishforallsmkbenut.blogspot.com/
https://www.engvid.com/
https://www.schule.at/
https://www.eslbuzz.com/
English Panel Teachers of SMK Seri Kota Puteri 2
Teach for Malaysia