11 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Organization and Management 11

Quarter 2 Weeks 6 to 7
LEADING AND MANAGING

Objectives

MELC:
1. Analyze motivation, leadership, and communication work in an
organization
2. Apply the concept and nature of different control methods and
techniques in accounting and marketing

Specific Objective:
1. Define and identify Leadership and Control Techniques in a
Business Organization
2. Design a sample of leadership grid and areas of control for a
certain business organization.
3. Discuss and integrate the leading and controlling functions
to present and/or current issues.

What Is It

LEADING AND MANAGING

There is an oft-repeated saying that a ‘manager is not necessarily a
leader.’ Many managers find themselves in their positions because of
exemplary performance in ‘follower’ positions, or even due to longevity
and loyalty to their enterprises. Whether this is true or not, the
managers in leadership positions have ample opportunity to build their
leadership character traits.
Leaders Managers
Orchestrate important change Deal with day-to-day organization
effectively complexities
Create a vision and direct path Engage in planning and
toward vision budgeting routines
Empower and motivate personnel Structure the organization

Approaches to Leadership
A plethora of management methods, theories, training manuals, and
self-help books elucidate skills, attitudes, and aptitudes required of
managers. What these information sources sometimes fail to emphasize
that management and truthful leadership really requires character.
Leaders must possess certain character traits and virtues found to be
requisite in the performance of the management functions.
The United States Army, considered a bastion of courage and derring-
do, listed leadership traits found to be desirable for its organization
constituents, as follows:
 integrity  justice
 maturity  self-improvement
 will  assertiveness
 discipline  empathy
 flexibility  sense of humor
 self-confidence  creativity
 endurance  bearing
 decisiveness  humility
 coolness under stress  tact
 initiative

A leader’s self-confidence is habitually due to deep wisdom, genuine

sincerity, compassionate humanity, and audacious courage. All these
traits manifest in diverse situations of success, failure, doubt, and
challenges. If and when the traits and virtues are deeply-rooted and
built to last, the management functions and performance standards of
his team and unit are upheld and maintained.
Blake and Mouton’s Leadership Grid, a well-known leadership training
model developed to help managers rate their performance or
maintenance orientation in the workplace. Performance orientation or
concern for production is plotted in the x-axis or horizontal line, while
maintenance orientation or concern for people is plotted in the y-axis
or vertical line.
The grid explains five management or leadership orientations, as
follows:
1. Impoverished Management (1,1), ranking low concern for people,
and low concern for production
2. Country Club Management (1,9), rating low concern for production
and high concern for people
3. Middle of the Road Management (5,5) showing balanced concern for
management and people
4. Team Management (9,9), ranking high concern for production and
people, and
5. Authority-Compliance Management (9,1), rating low concern for
people and high concern for production
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
The theory indicates that people satisfy their needs in a specific order,
from bottom to top as follows:
1. Physiological needs- food, water, sex and shelter;
2. Safety and security- protection against threat and deprivation;
3. Social needs- friendship, affection, belonging and love;
4. Ego- independence, achievement, freedom, status, recognition, and
self-esteem; and
 5. Self-actualization- realizing one’s full potential, becoming everything
one is capable of being.
The importance of control
Control systems allow for effective implementation of the planning and
organizing concepts. The control systems ensure that activities are
done according to plans and that goals are attained. They also assist
the managers and supervisors in the delegation of authority, as
controls often motivate managers to dispense authority.
Areas of Control
Control systems ensures (1) orderly and efficient conduct of business
and (2) adherence to management policies. The areas of control are (1)
information, (2) finance, (3) employee behavior and (4) operations.
Control Methods and Systems
Bureaucratic control consists of the standard operating procedures
and policies that prescribe correct employee behavior.

Activities

Activity 1A: Identify which need in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is described

below. Write PN for physiological needs, SS for safety and
security, SN for social needs, E for ego, and SA for self
actualization

______________ 1. self-esteem
______________ 2. food and water
______________ 3. friendship
______________ 4. shelter
______________ 5. affection
______________ 6. become everything one is capable of doing
______________ 7. sex
______________ 8. freedom
______________ 9. love
_____________ 10. protection against threat and deprivation
_____________ 11. acheivement
_____________ 12. belonging
_____________ 13. status
_____________ 14. recognizing one’s full potential
_____________ 15. recognition

Activity 1B: Identify control areas, types, process or methods

______________ 1. Any process that directs the activities of individuals
toward the acheivement of organizational goals
______________ 2. The type of control that utilizes rules, policies, hierarchy
of authority, reward systems, and other formal
mechanisms to influence employee behaviour and assess
performance
______________ 3. An area of control that includes budgets or standards;
actual data is compared against budgets and analyzed.
______________ 4. A control method or system that includes all policies an
dprocedures adopted by the management of an
enterprise to assist in achieving management objectives.
______________ 5. An internal control structure that includes the series of
tasks and records of an entity by transactions tha tare
processed as a means of maintaining financial records.

Activity 2A: Create a Grid and arrange the Management and Leadership
Orientation according to Blake and Mouton
1. Impoverished Management (1,1) low concern for both people and
production
2. Country Club Management (1,9) low concern for production and high
concern for people
3. Middle of the Road Management (5,5) balanced in both concern of
people and production
4. Team Management (9,9) ranking high concern for production and
people
5. Authority Compliance Management (9,1) low concern for people and
high concern for production

Activity 2B: Create or design a flowchart of the control systems in the

following areas:
1. Operations
2. Employee behavior
3. Information
4. finance
Activity 3: REFLECTIVE JOURNAL
IN OUR PRESENT SITUATION, HOW DOES ONE LEADS A TEAM
WITHOUT THE TEAM FEELING THEY ARE BEING CONTROLLED
OR MANIPULATED OR THE OTHER WAY AROUND? EXPLAIN.
_____________________________________________________________
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Reference:

Garalde-Orjalo, Victoria et. al. Organization and Management: Concepts, Caselets, and
Exercises, Phoenix Publishing, Philippines 2016

Prepared by:

SIM A. BELSONDRA
Teacher II - Barobo National High School
 Key Answer

Activity 1A

1. E 12. SN
2. PN 13. E
3. SN 14. SA
4. PN 15. E
5. SN
6. SA Activity 1B
7. PN 1. Control
8. E 2. Bureaucratic control
9. SN 3. Finance
10. SS 4. Internal control
11. E 5. Accounting system

Activity 2:

Activity 3: IN OUR PRESENT SITUATION, HOW DOES ONE LEADS A TEAM WITHOUT
THE TEAM FEELING THEY ARE BEING CONTROLLED OR MANIPULATED OR
THE OTHER WAY AROUND? EXPLAIN.

In our current setting, more and more people have come to realize and evaluate
such people who leads or manages them. They are no longer strangers to some
sort of exploitati on and or acts which will make them thing they are being
controlled or manipulated by their leader. But we still can lead without letting
them feel being controlled or manipulated. It is but a management strategy too
not just leadership. Both things must go together- mangement in the technical
side and leadership on the emotional side which makes people easier to
persuade on what you want them to do.