CAMBRIDGE PRIMARY

MATHEMATICS 0845

Fractions, Decimals and Percentages

"It is important that learners become confident users of calculators"
STAGE 5 (GRADE 4)

 5 Nn4 Use decimal notation for tenths and hundredths and understand what each digit represents

 5 Nn7 Round a number with one or two decimal places to the nearest whole number

 5 Nn11 Order numbers with one or two decimal places and compare using the > and < signs

 5 Nn15 Recognise equivalence between , , and , and , and

 5 Nn16 Recognise equivalence between the decimal and fraction forms of halves , tenths and
hundredths and use this to help order fractions , e.g. 0.6 is more than 50% and less than

 5 Nn17 Change an improper fraction to a mixed number , e.g. 1 ; order mixed numbers and place
between whole numbers on a number line

 5 Nn18 Relate finding fractions to division and use to find simple fractions of quantities

 5 Nn19 Understand percentage as the number of parts in every 100 and find simple percentage of
quantities

 5 Nn20 Express halves , tenths and hundredths as percentages

Nc Calculation

 5 Nnc1 Know by heart pairs of one-place decimals with a total of 1,e.g. 0.8+0.2

 5 Nnc2 Derive quickly pairs of decimals with a total of 10 and with a total of 1

My sincere thanks to :
Ms Shailu Bhatia ,our maths teacher for designing and editing this unit
Ms Shruti Verma for maintaining the blog

Suresh Goel
(Director)
Alliance World School
Noida , Delhi-NCR, India
5 Nn19 Introduction of Percentage P-1
5 Nn19 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-2

" Percentage is the number of parts in every 100 "

One whole denotes hundred percent 100%

( Percent is denoted by the symbol % )

One hundredth of the whole = 1%

One small shaded square out of hundred squares = 1%

One hundredth of a whole = = 0.01 = 1%

Ten hundredths of the whole = 10 %

Ten small shaded squares out of hundred squares = 10 %

Ten hundredths of a whole = = 0.10 = 10%

Fifty hundredths of the whole = 50 %

Fifty small shaded squares out of hundred squares = 50 %

Fifty hundredths of a whole = = 0.50 = 50%

5Nn19-20 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-3
If we divide the numerator and
denominator of a given fraction by the
Excercise 1 same number, we get another fraction
equivalent to the given fraction
(a) Find 1% of the following quantities :

i. 400 ; 1% of 400 = of 400 = 400 ÷ 100 = 4 (done for you)

ii. 30 ; 1% of 30 = of 30 = 30 ÷ 100 = 30 hundredths = 0.30 (done for you)

iii. 500
iv. 75

(b) Find 10 % of the following quantities :

i. 200 ; 10 % of 200 = of 200 = of 200 = 200 ÷ 10 = 20 (done for you)

ii. 5 ; 10 % of 5 = of 5 = of 5 = 5 ÷ 10 = 5 tenths = 0.5 (done for you)

iii. 70
iv. 15

(c) Find 50 % of the following quantities :

i. 300 ; 50 % of 300 = of 300 = of 300 = of 300 = 300 ÷ 2 = 150

ii. 8 ; 50 % 8 = of 8 = of 8 = of 8 = 8 ÷ 2 = 4 (done for you)

iii. 50
iv. 24

(d) Find 25 % of the following quantities :

i. 40 ; 25 % of 40 = of 40 = of 40 = of 40 = 40 ÷ 4 = 10 (done for you)

ii. 8 ; 25 % of 8 = of 8 = of 8 = of 8 = 8 ÷ 4 = 2 (done for you)

iii. 60
iv. 12
5Nn19-20 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-4
Excercise 2

Express the following fractions as percentages :

(a)

i. = = = 50 % (done for you) One Whole

ii. = = = 25 % (done for you)

iii.

iv.

(b)

i. = = = 75 % (done for you)

ii. = = = 80% (done for you)

iii.

iv.

(c)

i. = 19 % (done for you)

ii. = = 46 % (done for you)

iii.

iv.
5 Nn 15 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-5

Recognise the equivalence between the fractions: Given a fraction, if we

multiply (or divide)
(a) 1 Whole
numerator and
denominator of the fraction
by the same number, we
(one half)
1 Whole get another fraction
equivalent to the given
(two fourths) fraction.

(four eighths)
= = = =

= = = = = =

(b)
(one third)

(two sixths) = =

= = =

(c)
(one fifth)

(two tenths) = =

= = =

Simplest form
A fraction is said to be in the simplest form, if the
numerator and denominator do not have any
common factor except 1. For example:
Given:
= = ( is in the simplest form)
5 Nn 16 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-6
Exercise 3

Recognise equivalence between the decimal, fraction and percentage forms and use
this to help order fractions

(a)

(i) 0.6, 50 % and Or = 0.5 = 0.50

0.6= 

50 % = = Or = 0.1 = 0.10

And And = 0.01 = 1 %

We find < <

Or 50% < 0.6 < (done for you)

(ii) 0.6, 70 % and

(iii) 0.8, 90 % and

(b)

(i) 0.04 , 5% and

0.04 = = 4%

And 5%

= 7%

We find 4% < 5% < 7%

Or 0.04 < 5% < (done for you)

(ii) 0.15, 20 % and

(iii) , 45 % and 0.43

 5 Nn 17 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-7
Exercise 4

Change the following improper fractions to the mixed numbers, order the mixed
numbers and place between whole numbers on a number line

(a)

(i)

7 quarters
1 whole
= 7 Quarters = 4 quarters + 3 quarters
= 1 whole and 3 quarters = (done for you)

(ii)

(iii) 0 1 2

(iv)

(b) Verify the following as true / false:

(i) is greater than

= from part a(i)

And = = + =
0 1 2
>

Or > true

(ii) is less than (done for you)

(iii) is greater than

(iv) is greater than

 5 Nn 18
Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-8
“ Finding fractions to Division”

Example: What do you mean by 2 ÷ 3 ( or ) Two

Whole
Two whole to be divided into three equal parts

If you have two pizza and you want to share these two pizzas equally among three
friends Anuj, Zola and Noah. How are we going to do this?

Anuj replies: We will divide the first pizza into three equal parts

and give one piece to each of the friend.

Pizza 1

Anuj Zola Noah

Zola replies: Now we shall reapeat the process with the second
pizza

Pizza 2

What do you find now?

Noah replies: Each of us has got 2 pieces of one third of the whole pizza.
Conclude: 2 ÷3 denoted by = 2 times one third of the whole
= 2 x one third of whole

Exercise 5
Find simple fractions of the quantities:
(i) of 18 = 2 times one third of 18 (done for you)

= 2 x of 18
= 2 times (18 ÷ 3) = 2 x 6 = 12 ( as 3 x 6 = 18)
(ii) of 40
(iii) of 24
(iv) of 28
 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-9
5 Nn 4

Exercise 6

(a) Use decimal notation for the tenths:

(i) 7 tenths = = 0.7 (done for you)

(ii) 3 whole and 2 tenths = = 3.2 (done for you)

(iii) 3 tenths

(iv) 1 whole and 8 tenths

(b) Use decimal notation for the following and recognise what each digit represents:
(i) 7 hundredth = = 0.07 [ In this digit 7 represents 7 hundredths ]

(ii) 10 hundredths = = 0.10 [ In this digit 1 represents 1 tenth ]

(done for you)
(iii) 70 hundredths

(iv) 5 hundredth

(c) Use decimal notation for the following and recognise what each digit
represents:

(i) 2 whole and 35 hundredths = = 2.35

In this number 2 represents 2 ones

2.35 3 represents 3 tenths (done for you)
5 represents 5 hundredths

(ii) 4 whole and 37 hundredths

(iii) 1 whole and 70 hundredths

0.1 = 0.10

Or one tenth = 10 hundred

 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-10
5 Nn 7
Exercise 7

Round the following numbers to the nearest whole number:

(done for you)
(a)
(i) 53.4 = 53
[ As the digit at the tenth
place is 4 (less than 5) ] Look at the tenth digit, if
it is less than 5, then
(ii) 16.57 = 17 unit digit remains
[ As the tenth digit is 5 unchanged and decimal
which is equal to 5 ] digits as 00

(iii) 91.68 = 92
[ As the digit at the tenth place Whereas if the digit at
is 6, which is more than 5 ] the tenth place is 5 or
more, increase the unit
digit by one.
(b)
(i) 0.57

(ii) 8.43

(iii) 0.09

(iv) 1.37

(v) 1.51

(vi) 3.77
 5 Nn 11 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-11
Exercise 8

Order numbers with one or two decimal places and compare them using the
Symbols > and < .
One tenth = 0.1
0.2 0.9
One hundredth = 0.01

0.1 = 0.10
1.5 One tenth =10 hundredths
0 1 2

(a)
(i) 4.7 and 4.07
(done for you)
4.7 = = 4 whole and 7 tenths

4.07 = = 4 whole and 7 hundredth (1 tenth > 1 hundredth)

4.7 > 4.07

(ii) 5.65 and 5.56

(iii) 2.13 and 2.31

(iv) 3.45 and 2.45

(b) Write the following decimals in order, smallest the first :

(i) 4.7, 4.07, 5.65 and 5.56

(ii) 2.13, 2.31, 3.45 and 4.45

(iii) 6.05, 6.50, 4.05 and 4.10

 5 Nc 1-2 Fractions, Decimals and Percentage P-12

Pairs of one - place decimals

(a) Find the missing number with total 1.

? 0.3 
0.9 0.2

0.5 Total
?
1

0.8 ?

? 0.4

(b) Find the missing number with total 10.

3.5
2.3 ?

4.6 Total
10
5.4 

5.2 ?
?