SUMMATIVE TEST

(WEEK 3)

A. Label each layer of the Earth by using the given shape as your answer.

SQUARE: Lithosphere
TRIANGLE: Mantle
STAR: Outer core
CIRCLE: Inner core

B. Read each statement below. If it is true, write a “T” in the blank; if it is false, write an “F”.
1. ____true_____The temperature gradient within the lithosphere varies depending on the
tectonic setting.
2. ____crust_____Earth can be divided into three main layers: the core, the mantle and the
lithosphere.
3. ______true____-Mantle convection is the result of heat transfer from the core to the base of
the lower mantle.
4. _____solid_____ Earth’s liquid core is almost entirely comprised of the ferrous elements iron,
cobalt, and nickel.
5. ___silver_______gold is the best thermal and electrical conductor of all the metals.
6. ______true____Metallic minerals occasionally but rarely occur as a single element

C. Essay Questions (5pts.)

1. Can a mineral be formed in more than one process? If yes, give example. If no, explain why.

Can a mineral be formed in more than one process? If yes, give example. If no, explain why. Answer: Yes. (Examples
may vary) Gypsum can form as a precipitate from evaporating water, but also associated with volcanic regions where
limestone and sulfur gases from the volcano have interacted. Copper may commonly be deposited as a disseminated
hydrothermal deposit but can also be formed as a stratabound ore.

2. Other than as a jewelry, why is gold important to society?

. Other than as a jewelry, why is gold important to society? Answer: Statistically worldwide, approximately 50% of
produced gold is used in jewelry. The remaining 40% is used for financial investments and the remaining 10% in industry.
Due to its limited supply and high value, gold has been long used as a medium of exchange or money. Many
governments use gold bars or bullion as a financial backing for currencies. A country’s gold bullion reserve is equated to
the wealth of the country. Several properties of gold including its malleability, good conductivity and general resistance
to corrosion and oxidation made it very important in the electronics industry, primarily as connectors, switch and relay
contacts, soldered joints and connecting strips. These can be found in almost every sophisticated electronic device such
as GPS, cellphones, MP3 players, calculators, laptop computers and televisions.
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